鸡粪等几种农业废弃物厌氧消化性能研究
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摘要
以鸡粪、农村餐厨垃圾、奶酪乳清、玉米秸秆和牧草5种农业废弃物为底物,采用批式方式研究其厌氧消化产气潜力和动力学特性。结果表明,不同VS含量(w分别为2%、3%、4%和5%)条件下,各底物(以VS计)最大产甲烷潜力由高到低依次为奶酪乳清、农村餐厨垃圾、玉米秸秆、牧草和鸡粪,最大累积甲烷产量分别为1 270. 9(5%)、1 113. 6(5%)、646. 7(2%)、645. 0(2%)和364. 7 mL·g~(-1)(4%)。修正的Gompertz模型与各底物单独厌氧消化结果拟合度高(R2=0. 961～0. 990),其预测结果可用于评价鸡粪与其他底物厌氧共消化的可行性。基于修正的Gompertz模型预测结果,以鸡粪为主要发酵底物,通过与奶酪乳清、玉米秸秆和牧草进行多底物混合优化C/N,可有效降低鸡粪厌氧消化产甲烷延滞期并提高产甲烷潜力,甲烷产量可提高52. 2%～112. 9%。鸡粪与奶酪乳清混合比例为50∶50(C/N为28. 02)时,系统产甲烷潜力最高。
The methane production potential and kinetic features of anaerobic digestion/co-digestion of five different agroindustrial wastes including chicken feces,food waste,cheese whey,corn stover and hay grass were studied in batch mode.With various VS contents of 2%,3%,4% and 5%,the maximum methane production potentials obtained during batch tests from high to low were cheese whey,food waste,corn stover,hay grass and chicken feces. The corresponding maximum cumulative methane production could be achieved to be 1 270. 9( 5%),1 113. 6( 5%),646. 7( 2%),645. 0( 2%) and 364. 7 mL·g~(-1)( 4%) VS,respectively. The experimental results obtained from anaerobic digestion of different agro-industrial wastes could be well fitted to modified Gompertz model( R2= 0. 961-0. 990),indicating that modified Gompertz model is suitable for evaluating the characteristics of anaerobic digestion of single substrate in this study. The predictive values were able to be used to evaluate the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of chicken feces with other substrates. Based on the predictive values from modified Gompertz model,the anaerobic co-digestion tests were designed and undertaken by blending chicken feces as main substrate with one,two or three other kinds of substrates among cheese whey,corn stover and hay grass. The optimized C/N ratio could effectively decrease lag phase and improve methane production potential of anaerobic digestion of chicken feces. Methane production was improved by 52. 2%-112. 9%,compared with that of anaerobic mono-digestion of chicken feces. The highest methane production potential was observed at a C/N ratio of 28. 02 with 50% chicken feces and 50% cheese whey.
The methane production potential and kinetic features of anaerobic digestion/co-digestion of five different agroindustrial wastes including chicken feces,food waste,cheese whey,corn stover and hay grass were studied in batch mode.With various VS contents of 2%,3%,4% and 5%,the maximum methane production potentials obtained during batch tests from high to low were cheese whey,food waste,corn stover,hay grass and chicken feces. The corresponding maximum cumulative methane production could be achieved to be 1 270. 9( 5%),1 113. 6( 5%),646. 7( 2%),645. 0( 2%) and 364. 7 mL·g~(-1)( 4%) VS,respectively. The experimental results obtained from anaerobic digestion of different agro-industrial wastes could be well fitted to modified Gompertz model( R2= 0. 961-0. 990),indicating that modified Gompertz model is suitable for evaluating the characteristics of anaerobic digestion of single substrate in this study. The predictive values were able to be used to evaluate the feasibility of anaerobic co-digestion of chicken feces with other substrates. Based on the predictive values from modified Gompertz model,the anaerobic co-digestion tests were designed and undertaken by blending chicken feces as main substrate with one,two or three other kinds of substrates among cheese whey,corn stover and hay grass. The optimized C/N ratio could effectively decrease lag phase and improve methane production potential of anaerobic digestion of chicken feces. Methane production was improved by 52. 2%-112. 9%,compared with that of anaerobic mono-digestion of chicken feces. The highest methane production potential was observed at a C/N ratio of 28. 02 with 50% chicken feces and 50% cheese whey.
引文
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[14]国家环境保护总局,《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水与废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:90-395.
[15] AKINDELE A,SARTIA M. The Toxicity Effects of Ammonia on Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste[J].Waste Manage,2018,71:757-766.
[16] ELHADJ T B,ASTALS S,GALI A,et al. Ammonia Influence in Anaerobic Digestion of OFMSW[J]. Water Science and Technology,2009,59(6):1153-1158.
[17]李想,王飞,王久臣,等.脱水生活污泥与秸秆厌氧干发酵工艺参数优化研究[J].中国沼气,2016,34(3):20-23.[LI Xiang,WANG Fei,WANG Jiu-chen,et al.Optimization of Co-Digestion of Sludge and Straw Adopting Dry Anaerobic Process[J].China Biogas,2016,34(3):20-23.]
[18] WANG X J,YANG G H,FENG Y Z,et al. Optimization Feeding Composition and Carbon-Nitrogen Ratios for Improved Methane Yield During Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Dairy,Chicken Manure and Wheat Straw[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,120:78-83.
[2]张应鹏,陈广银,黑昆仑,等.沼液全量连续回流对稻秸厌氧发酵特性的影响[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(9):845-851.[ZHANG Ying-peng,CHEN Guang-yin,HEI Kun-lun,et al.Effects of Full Continuous Reflux of Biogas Slurry on Characteristics of Rice Straw Anaerobic Digestion[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(9):845-851.]
[3]鲁静,张科亭,戚秀芝,等.外源CO2对鸡粪厌氧消化产甲烷性能的影响[J].中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版),2018,48(6):31-36.[LU Jing,ZHANG Ke-ting,QI Xiu-zhi,et al.Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure for Production of Methane by Adding Exogenous CO2[J]. Periodical of Ocean University of China,2018,48(6):31-36.]
[4] LI K,LIU R H,SUN C.Comparison of Anaerobic Digestion Characteristics and Kinetics of Four Livestock Manures With Different Substrate Concentrations[J]. Bioresource Technology,2015,198:133-240.
[5] ABOUELENIEN F,GUJIWARA W,NAMBA Y,et al. Improved Methane Fermentation of Chicken Manure via Ammonia Removal by Biogas Recycle[J]. Bioresource Technology,2010,101(16):6368-6373.
[6] ABOUELENIEN F,KITAMURA Y,NISHIO N,et al. Dry Anaerobic Ammonia-Methane Production From Chicken Manure[J]. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,2009,82(4):757-764.
[7]杨安逸,晏磊,王彦杰,等.马铃薯渣与鸡粪混合原料厌氧发酵条件优化[J].可再生能源,2015,33(3):442-447.[YANG Anyi,YAN Lei,WANG Yan-jie,et al.The Optimum of Anaerobic Fermentation Condition for Mixed Feedstock of Potato Residues and Chicken Feces[J]. Renewable Energy Resources,2015,33(3):442-447.]
[8] ABOUELENIEN F,NAMBA Y,KOSSEVA M R,et al.Enhancement of Methane Production From Co-Digestion of Chicken Manure With Agricultural Wastes[J]. Bioresource Technology,2014,159:80-87.
[9] PARRA-OROBIO B A,DONOSO-BRAVO A,RUIZ-SANCHEZ J C,et al. Effect of Inoculum on the Anaerobic Digestion of Food Waste Accounting for the Concentration of Trace Elements[J].Waste Management,2018,71:342-349.
[10] GIROTTO F,LAVAGNOLO M C,PIVATO A,et al. Acidogenic Fermentation of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Cheese Whey for Bio-Plastic Precursors Recovery-Effects of Process Conditions During Batch Tests[J]. Waste Management,2017,70:71-80.
[11] SONG Z L,ZHANG C.Anaerobic Codigestion of Pretreated Wheat Straw With Cattle Manure and Analysis of the Microbial Community[J]. Bioresource Technology,2015,45(186):128-135.
[12] ZAHAN Z,OTHMAN M ZH.MUSTER T H.Anaerobic Digestion/Co-Digestion Kinetic Potentials of Different Agro-Industrial Wastes:A Comparative Batch Study for C/N Optimization[J].Waste Management,2018,71:663-674.
[13]顾新娇,王文国,祝其丽,等.浮萍与奶牛粪混合厌氧干发酵研究[J].环境污染与防治,2014,36(7):18-21.[GU Xin-jiao,WANG Wen-guo,ZHU Qi-li,et al.Experimental Study on Dry Anaerobic Digestion Using Duckweed Mixed With Cow Dung[J].Environmental Pollution and Control,2014,36(7):18-21.]
[14]国家环境保护总局,《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水与废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:90-395.
[15] AKINDELE A,SARTIA M. The Toxicity Effects of Ammonia on Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste[J].Waste Manage,2018,71:757-766.
[16] ELHADJ T B,ASTALS S,GALI A,et al. Ammonia Influence in Anaerobic Digestion of OFMSW[J]. Water Science and Technology,2009,59(6):1153-1158.
[17]李想,王飞,王久臣,等.脱水生活污泥与秸秆厌氧干发酵工艺参数优化研究[J].中国沼气,2016,34(3):20-23.[LI Xiang,WANG Fei,WANG Jiu-chen,et al.Optimization of Co-Digestion of Sludge and Straw Adopting Dry Anaerobic Process[J].China Biogas,2016,34(3):20-23.]
[18] WANG X J,YANG G H,FENG Y Z,et al. Optimization Feeding Composition and Carbon-Nitrogen Ratios for Improved Methane Yield During Anaerobic Co-Digestion of Dairy,Chicken Manure and Wheat Straw[J].Bioresource Technology,2012,120:78-83.
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