有机肥连续施用对土壤剖面有机碳分布的影响及其与重金属的关系
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摘要
应用大田定位试验方法,研究了连续4年施用不同类型有机肥后,土壤剖面中有机碳和易氧化有机碳的分布特征,并与相应的重金属含量进行了相关性分析。结果表明:连续4年施用不同类型有机肥后,土壤剖面中有机碳、易氧化有机碳主要累积在0～15 cm土层,其含量随土层深度的增加而降低。施用高量鸡粪时,有机碳可迁移到15～30 cm土层,易氧化有机碳可迁移到60～90 cm土层;施用猪粪和污泥时,有机碳均未发生明显的迁移现象,但高施用量处理下易氧化有机碳可迁移至60～90 cm土层。施用猪粪和污泥后,土壤剖面各层中易氧化有机碳占总有机碳的比例显著增加,且均高于施用鸡粪。施用不同有机肥后土壤剖面中有机碳、易氧化有机碳分布和Cu、Zn、Cd具有显著正相关。
A field positioning experiment was conducted to examine the distribution of organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon,and their correlation with the concentrations of heavy metals in soil profile after four years continuous application of three different kinds of organic fertilizers. The results showed that after applying organic fertilizers,organic carbon and easily oxidized carbon mainly accumulated in the 0-15 cm soil layer,and their concentrations decreased with increasing soil depth. When high amount of chicken manure was applied,organic carbon could migrate to the 15-30 cm soil layer,and easily oxidized organic carbon could migrate to the60-90 cm soil layer. Organic carbon didn't significantly migrate when pig manure and sludge were applied,while easily oxidized organic carbon migrated to the 60-90 cm soil layer under high amount application of pig manure and sludge. The proportion of oxidized organic carbon to total organic carbon was much higher in the treatments of pig and sludge manure application as compared to chicken manure. There was a significant positive correlation between the distribution of organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon and Cu,Zn and Cd in the soil profile after application of different organic fertilizers.
A field positioning experiment was conducted to examine the distribution of organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon,and their correlation with the concentrations of heavy metals in soil profile after four years continuous application of three different kinds of organic fertilizers. The results showed that after applying organic fertilizers,organic carbon and easily oxidized carbon mainly accumulated in the 0-15 cm soil layer,and their concentrations decreased with increasing soil depth. When high amount of chicken manure was applied,organic carbon could migrate to the 15-30 cm soil layer,and easily oxidized organic carbon could migrate to the60-90 cm soil layer. Organic carbon didn't significantly migrate when pig manure and sludge were applied,while easily oxidized organic carbon migrated to the 60-90 cm soil layer under high amount application of pig manure and sludge. The proportion of oxidized organic carbon to total organic carbon was much higher in the treatments of pig and sludge manure application as compared to chicken manure. There was a significant positive correlation between the distribution of organic carbon and easily oxidized organic carbon and Cu,Zn and Cd in the soil profile after application of different organic fertilizers.
引文
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张瑞,张贵龙,姬艳艳,等.2013.不同施肥措施对土壤活性有机碳的影响.环境科学,34(1):277-282.
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周玲,张世熔,李婷,等.2013.基于灰渣和猪粪制造的有机无机复混肥对土壤易变性有机碳的影响.农业环境科学学报,32(11):2231-2238.
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Freeman C,Fenner N,Ostle NJ,et al.2004.Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels.Nature,430:195-198.
Kumar SA,Sudhir K.2016.Distribution of organic carbon in particle size fractions of a red soil under long-term fertilization.Asian Journal of Soil Science,11:90-94.
Ren Z,Tella M,Bravin MN,et al.2015.Effect of dissolved organic matter composition on metal speciation in soil solutions.Chemical Geology,398:61-69.
Risikesh T,Kauraw DL,Muneshwar S.2011.Profile distribution of micronutrient cations in a Vertisol as influenced by long-term application of manure and fertilizers.Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science,59:239-244.
Song ZW,Zhu P,Gao HJ,et al.2015.Effects of long-term fertilization on soil organic carbon content and aggregate composition under continuous maize cropping in Northeast China.Journal of Agricultural Science,153:236-244.
Trenfield MA,Mcdonald S,Kovacs K,et al.2011.Dissolved organic carbon reduces uranium bioavailability and toxicity.1.Characterization of an aquatic fulvic acid and its complexation with uranium[VI].Environmental Science&Technology,45:3075-3081.
Wang XS.2008.Correlations between heavy metals and organic carbon extracted by dry oxidation procedure in urban roadside soils.Environmental Geology,54:269-273.
段德超,戴露莹,徐劼,等.2016.某冶炼厂周边土壤碳组分与铜形态的相关性.环境科学学报,36(8):3027-3032.
冯小亮,刘秀秀,吕东波.2017.农业发展中的有机肥利用现状及问题.农业与技术,37(22):2-3.
黑亮,吴启堂,龙新宪,等.2007.东南景天和玉米套种对Zn污染污泥的处理效应.环境科学,28(4):852-858.
花可可,朱波,王小国.2013.紫色土坡耕地可溶性有机碳径流迁移特征.农业工程学报,29(5):81-88.
季一诺,赵志忠,吴丹,等.2016.海南东寨港红树林沉积物中重金属的分布及其生物有效性.应用生态学报,27(2):593-600.
李玲,仇少君,刘京涛,等.2012.土壤溶解性有机碳在陆地生态系统碳循环中的作用.应用生态学报,23(5):1407-1414.
李金峰,聂兆君,赵鹏,等.2016.畜禽粪便配施对冬小麦产量及Cu、Zn、As在植株累积和土壤中垂直分布的影响.江苏农业科学,44(4):137-140.
李太魁,王小国,朱波.2012.紫色土可溶性有机碳的吸附-解吸特征.农业环境科学学报,31(4):721-727.
李太魁,杨小林,寇长林,等.2016.可溶性有机碳在紫色土中的吸附及影响因素分析.生态环境学报,25(11):1836-1841.
李雅娟,杨世伦,侯立军,等.2012.崇明东滩表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征及其污染评价.环境科学,33(7):2368-2375.
柳敏,宇万太,姜子绍,等.2006.土壤活性有机碳.生态学杂志,25(11):1412-1417.
龙攀,隋鹏,高旺盛,等.2015.不同有机物料还田对农田土壤有机碳以及微生物量碳的影响.中国农业大学学报,20(3):153-160.
毛志刚,谷孝鸿,陆小明,等.2014.太湖东部不同类型湖区疏浚后沉积物重金属污染及潜在生态风险评价.环境科学,35(1):186-193.
王成贤,石德智,沈超峰,等.2011.畜禽粪便污染负荷及风险评估---以杭州市为例.环境科学学报,31(11):2562-2569.
王朔林,王改兰,赵旭,等.2015a.长期施肥对栗褐土有机碳含量及其组分的影响.植物营养与肥料学报,21(1):104-111.
王朔林,杨艳菊,王改兰,等.2015b.长期施肥对栗褐土活性有机碳的影响.生态学杂志,34(5):1223-1228.
吴萍萍,王家嘉,李录久.2015.白土活性有机碳组分对不同施肥措施的响应.生态学杂志,34(12):3474-3479.
吴清清,马军伟,姜丽娜,等.2010.鸡粪和垃圾有机肥对苋菜生长及土壤重金属积累的影响.农业环境科学学报,29(7):1302-1309.
张瑞,张贵龙,姬艳艳,等.2013.不同施肥措施对土壤活性有机碳的影响.环境科学,34(1):277-282.
张帅,许明祥,张亚锋,等.2015.黄土丘陵区土地利用变化对深层土壤活性碳组分的影响.环境科学,36(2):661-668.
张田,许浩,茹淑华,等.2017.不同有机肥中磷在土壤剖面中累积迁移特征与有效性差异.环境科学,38(12):5247-5255.
张雪,韩士杰,王树起,等.2016.长白山白桦林不同演替阶段土壤有机碳组分的变化.生态学杂志,35(2):282-289.
张洋,刘月娇,倪九派,等.2015.柑橘/大球盖菇间作对三峡库区紫色土活性有机碳库的影响.草业学报,24(5):53-65.
赵玉皓,张艳杰,李贵春,等.2016.长期不同施肥下褐土有机碳储量及活性碳组分.生态学杂志,35(7):1826-1833.
郑顺安,陈春,郑向群,等.2013.污染土壤不同粒级团聚体中铅的富集特征及其与叶类蔬菜铅吸收之间的相关性.农业环境科学学报,32(3):556-564.
周玲,张世熔,李婷,等.2013.基于灰渣和猪粪制造的有机无机复混肥对土壤易变性有机碳的影响.农业环境科学学报,32(11):2231-2238.
Evans CD,Monteith DT,Cooper DM.2005.Long-term increases in surface water dissolved organic carbon:Observations,possible causes and environmental impacts.Environmental Pollution,137:55-71.
Freeman C,Fenner N,Ostle NJ,et al.2004.Export of dissolved organic carbon from peatlands under elevated carbon dioxide levels.Nature,430:195-198.
Kumar SA,Sudhir K.2016.Distribution of organic carbon in particle size fractions of a red soil under long-term fertilization.Asian Journal of Soil Science,11:90-94.
Ren Z,Tella M,Bravin MN,et al.2015.Effect of dissolved organic matter composition on metal speciation in soil solutions.Chemical Geology,398:61-69.
Risikesh T,Kauraw DL,Muneshwar S.2011.Profile distribution of micronutrient cations in a Vertisol as influenced by long-term application of manure and fertilizers.Journal of the Indian Society of Soil Science,59:239-244.
Song ZW,Zhu P,Gao HJ,et al.2015.Effects of long-term fertilization on soil organic carbon content and aggregate composition under continuous maize cropping in Northeast China.Journal of Agricultural Science,153:236-244.
Trenfield MA,Mcdonald S,Kovacs K,et al.2011.Dissolved organic carbon reduces uranium bioavailability and toxicity.1.Characterization of an aquatic fulvic acid and its complexation with uranium[VI].Environmental Science&Technology,45:3075-3081.
Wang XS.2008.Correlations between heavy metals and organic carbon extracted by dry oxidation procedure in urban roadside soils.Environmental Geology,54:269-273.
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