不同干旱水平对马铃薯光合特性和耐旱性的影响
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摘要
通过盆栽形式,采用自然降雨加人工补水的控水方法,分析了四个马铃薯(Solanum tuberosum)品种在对照(土壤体积含水量为65%～75%)与两种不同干旱水平处理(中度干旱:土壤体积含水量30%～70%;重度干旱:土壤体积含水量7%～70%)条件下的耐旱系数(DTC)、相对叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、光合特性及生理生化指标的变化。结果表明:在中度干旱(T1)处理下,各品种耐旱性评价次序为‘冀张薯12号’>‘陇薯3号’>‘费乌瑞它’>‘陇薯6号’;在重度干旱(T2)处理下为‘费乌瑞它’>‘冀张薯12号’>‘陇薯3号’>‘陇薯6号’,说明马铃薯耐旱性的评价应结合干旱胁迫的具体条件。与对照相比, T1和T2处理下马铃薯SPAD值升高,但叶片净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)和块茎产量下降,说明这种相对叶绿素含量的增加可能与光合作用的碳同化无关,属于"非功能性"的持绿。T1处理下,不同品种的相对叶绿素含量变化量的最大值(ΔSPAD_(max))与其DTC显著负相关,与超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化量(ΔSOD)显著正相关,说明"非功能性"持绿与干旱胁迫下氧化应激反应及品种耐旱性有关。而T2处理下, DTC与?SPAD_(max)和氧化防御性酶活无显著相关性,说明SPAD值和抗氧化酶活性能否作为耐旱性的评价指标依赖于所处的干旱水平。这一研究的发现将对不同干旱水平下马铃薯光合特性和耐旱性相关问题的深入研究提供基础。
A semi-quantitative hydration control method using artificial hydration plus natural rainfall is adopted during the pot experiment of potato(Solanum tuberosum). The drought tolerance coefficient, leaf greenness, photosynthetic characteristics, and physiological and biochemical indices of four potato cultivars under different treatment scenarios(30%–70% of soil volumetric water content as moderate drought, and 7%–70% as heavy drought) and control(65%–75% of soil volumetric water content) were analyzed. The results show that under the moderate drought(T1) treatment, according to the drought tolerance coefficient, the drought tolerance of each cultivar was ranked as following: 'Jizhangshu No.12' > 'Longshu No.3' > 'Favorita' > 'Longshu No.6'; under severe drought(T2) treatment, it was: 'Favorita' > 'Jizhangshu No.12' > 'Longshu No.3' > 'Longshu No.6'. These results suggest that the evaluation of drought tolerance of potato should be combined with the specific conditions of drought stresses. Compared to the control, under the treatments of T1 and T2, the leaf greenness(SPAD value) of the potato increased, but the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and tuber yield decreased, indicating that the increase of the leaf greenness may be independent of the carbon assimilation of photosynthesis, which is called "non-functional" stay-green. Under T1 treatment, ΔSPAD_(max) of different varieties was significantly negatively correlated with drought tolerance coefficient, and positively correlated with ΔSOD activity, indicating that oxidative stress response and drought tolerance were related to "non-functional" stay-green. However, under T2 treatment, drought tolerance coefficient had no significant correlation with ΔSPAD_(max) and oxidative defense enzyme activities, indicating whether SPAD and oxidative stress response can be used as indicators of drought tolerance evaluation depends on the level of drought. This study may motivate future research into issues related to photosynthetic characteristics and drought tolerance of potato under different drought scenarios.
A semi-quantitative hydration control method using artificial hydration plus natural rainfall is adopted during the pot experiment of potato(Solanum tuberosum). The drought tolerance coefficient, leaf greenness, photosynthetic characteristics, and physiological and biochemical indices of four potato cultivars under different treatment scenarios(30%–70% of soil volumetric water content as moderate drought, and 7%–70% as heavy drought) and control(65%–75% of soil volumetric water content) were analyzed. The results show that under the moderate drought(T1) treatment, according to the drought tolerance coefficient, the drought tolerance of each cultivar was ranked as following: 'Jizhangshu No.12' > 'Longshu No.3' > 'Favorita' > 'Longshu No.6'; under severe drought(T2) treatment, it was: 'Favorita' > 'Jizhangshu No.12' > 'Longshu No.3' > 'Longshu No.6'. These results suggest that the evaluation of drought tolerance of potato should be combined with the specific conditions of drought stresses. Compared to the control, under the treatments of T1 and T2, the leaf greenness(SPAD value) of the potato increased, but the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and tuber yield decreased, indicating that the increase of the leaf greenness may be independent of the carbon assimilation of photosynthesis, which is called "non-functional" stay-green. Under T1 treatment, ΔSPAD_(max) of different varieties was significantly negatively correlated with drought tolerance coefficient, and positively correlated with ΔSOD activity, indicating that oxidative stress response and drought tolerance were related to "non-functional" stay-green. However, under T2 treatment, drought tolerance coefficient had no significant correlation with ΔSPAD_(max) and oxidative defense enzyme activities, indicating whether SPAD and oxidative stress response can be used as indicators of drought tolerance evaluation depends on the level of drought. This study may motivate future research into issues related to photosynthetic characteristics and drought tolerance of potato under different drought scenarios.
引文
Anjum SA,Xie XY,Wang LC,et al(2011).Morphological,physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress.Afr J Agric Res,6(9):2026-2032
Arunyanark A,Jogloy S,Akkasaeng C,et al(2010).Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut.J Agron Crop Sci,194(2):113-125
Bai LP,Sui FG,Ge TD,et al(2006).Effect of soil drought stress on leaf water status,membrane permeability and enzymatic antioxidant system of maize.Pedosphere,16(3):326-332
Dai A(2012).Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models.Nat Clim Change,3(1):52-58
Ding YM,Ma LH,Zhou XG,et al(2013).Effects of drought stress on free proline and malonaldedyde contents in potato leaves and correlation analysis of drought-tolerant level among different varieties.Southwest China J Agr Sci,26(1):106-110(in Chinese with English abstract)[丁玉梅,马龙海,周晓罡等(2013).干旱胁迫下马铃薯叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量变化及与耐旱性的相关性分析.西南农业学报,26(1):106-110]
Eiasu BK,Soundy P,Hammes PS(2007).Response of potato(Solarium tuberosum)tuber yield components to gel-polymer soil amendments and irrigation regimes.New Zeal J Crop Hort,35(1):25-31
Gao J(2006).Experimental Guidance for Plant Physiology.Beijing:Higher Education Press(in Chinese)[高俊凤(2006).植物生理学实验指导.北京:高等教育出版社]
García-Valenzuela X,García-Moya E,Rascón-Cruz Q,et al(2005).Chlorophyll accumulation is enhanced by osmotic stress in graminaceous chlorophyllic cells.J Plant Physiol,162(6):650-661
Hu X,Jiang M,Zhang J,et al(2010).Calcium-calmodulin is required for abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defense and functions both upstream and downstream of H2O2production in leaves of maize(Zea mays)plants.New Phytol,173(1):27-38
Huang RD(2008).Genetics,physiological basis of crop stay green and its application prospects.J Shenyang Agr Univ,39(4):387-391(in Chinese with English abstract)[黄瑞冬(2008).作物持绿性的遗传、生理基础及其应用前景.沈阳农业大学学报,39(4):387-391]
Kang Y,Gong X,Zhao H,et al(2011).Physiological and biochemical response of potato under the drought stress in different growth period.Chin Agr Sci Bull,27(15):97-101(in Chinese with English abstract)[抗艳红,龚学臣,赵海超等(2011).不同生育时期干旱胁迫对马铃薯生理生化指标的影响.中国农学通报,27(15):97-101]
Kassahun B,Bidinger FR,Hash CT,et al(2010).Stay-green expression in early generation sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench]QTL introgression lines.Euphytica,172(3):351-362
Kottmann L,Wilde P,Schittenhelm S(2016).How do timing,duration,and intensity of drought stress affect the agronomic performance of winter rye?Eur J Agron,75:25-32
Liang L,Liu X,Tang X,et al(2018).Effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical indexes of potato leaves.Genom Appl Biol,37(3):1343-1348(in Chinese with English abstract)[梁丽娜,刘雪,唐勋等(2018).干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片生理生化指标的影响.基因组学与应用生物学,37(3):1343-1348]
Liu SJ,Meng LL,Meng ML,et al(2015).Physiological responses of potato under water stress and rehydration in tuber formation period.J Irrig Drain,34(10):45-51(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘素军,孟丽丽,蒙美莲等(2015).马铃薯对块茎形成期水分胁迫及胁迫后复水的生理响应研究.灌溉排水学报,34(10):45-51]
Nielsen DC,Vigil MF,Benjamin JG(2009).The variable response of dryland corn yield to soil water content at planting.Agr Water Manage,96(2):330-336
Ramírez DA,Kreuze J,Amoros W,et al(2017).Extreme salinity as a challenge to grow potatoes under Mars-like soil conditions:targeting promising genotypes.Int J Astrobiol,18(1):18-24
Ramírez DA,Yactayo W,Gutiérrez R,et al(2014).Chlorophyll concentration in leaves is an indicator of potato tuber yield in water-shortage conditions.Sci Hortic,168(3):202-209
Rolando JL,Ramírez DA,Yactayo W,et al(2015).Leaf greenness as a drought tolerance related trait in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.).Environ Exp Bot,110:27-35
Rosenzweig C,Iglesias A,Yang XB,et al(2001).Climate change and extreme weather events.Implications for food production,plant diseases,and pests.Glob Change Hum Health,2(2):90-104
Shi X,Cai H(2018).Estimation of nitrogen nutrition index of greenhouse tomato under different water and nitrogen fertilizer treatments based on leaf SPAD.Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,34(17):116-126(in Chinese with English abstract)[石小虎,蔡焕杰(2018).基于叶片SPAD估算不同水氮处理下温室番茄氮营养指数.农业工程学报,34(17):116-126
Su YS,Guo HC,Chen YL(2007).Relationship between SPAD readings chlorophyll contents and yield of potato(Solanum tubersosum L.).Southwest China J Agr Sci,20(4):690-693(in Chinese with English abstract)[苏云松,郭华春,陈伊里(2007).马铃薯叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量及产量的相关性研究.西南农业学报,20(4):690-693]
Sun PG,Wu Q,Xu BY,et al(2015).Progress in research on STAY-GREEN genes in plants.Plant Physiol J,51(7):1017-1023(in Chinese with English abstract)[孙佩光,吴琼,徐碧玉等(2015).植物滞绿基因STAY-GREEN的研究进展.植物生理学报,51(7):1017-1023]
Talwar HS,Surwenshi A,Seetharama N(2009).Use of SPADchlorophyll meter to screen sorghum(Sorghum bicolor)lines for postflowering drought tolerance.Ind J Agr Sci,79(1):35-39
Teixeira J,Pereira S(2007).High salinity and drought act on an organ-dependent manner on potato glutamine synthetase expression and accumulation.Environ Exp Bot,60(1):121-126
Tester M,Langridge P(2010).Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world.Science,327(5967):818-822
Thomas H,Howarth CJ(2000).Five ways to stay green.J Exp Bot,51(S1):329-337
Wu X(2008).Evaluation of drought tolerance and clone of gene Fe-SOD in potato varieties(dissertation).Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University(in Chinese with English abstract)[武新娟(2008).马铃薯不同品种的抗旱性评价及Fe-SOD基因的研究(学位论文).哈尔滨:东北农业大学]
Xu JF,Jin LP(2017).Advances and perspectives in research of potato genetics and breeding.Sci Agr Sin,50(6):990-1015(in Chinese with English abstract)[徐建飞,金黎平(2017).马铃薯遗传育种研究:现状与展望.中国农业科学,50(6):990-1015]
Yan MM,Wang ML,Wang HB,et al(2014).Effects of light quality on photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic characteristics of peanut seedling leaves.Chin J Appl Ecol,25(2):483-487(in Chinese with English abstract)[闫萌萌,王铭伦,王洪波等(2014).光质对花生幼苗叶片光合色素含量及光合特性的影响.应用生态学报,25(2):483-487]
Yin Z,Feng Y,Xiao G(2018).Effect of drought stress on the physiological and biochemical indexes of potato at different growth stages.J Yunnan Agr Univ Nat Sci,33(1):26-33(in Chinese with English abstract)[尹智宇,封永生,肖关丽(2018).干旱胁迫对马铃薯不同生育时期生理生化指标的影响.云南农业大学学报(自然科学),33(1):26-33]
Yin ZP,Liu XM,Shang ZW,et al(2011).Response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to different drought stress in Cerasus humilis Bunge.Plant Physiol J,47(5):452-458(in Chinese with English abstract)[尹赜鹏,刘雪梅,商志伟等(2011).不同干旱胁迫下欧李光合及叶绿素荧光参数的响应.植物生理学报,47(5):452-458]
Zhang LL,Shi Y,Qi X,et al(2015).Effects of drought stress on the ultrastructure and physiological indexes of leaf cells in three potato varieties.Agr Res Arid Areas,33(2):75-80(in Chinese with English abstract)[张丽莉,石瑛,祁雪等(2015).干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片超微结构及生理指标的影响.干旱地区农业研究,33(2):75-80]
Zhao SJ,Xu CC,Zou Q,et al(1994).Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues.Plant Physiol Commun,30(3):207-210(in Chinese)[赵世杰,许长成,邹琦等(1994).植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进.植物生理学通讯,30(3):207-210]
Arunyanark A,Jogloy S,Akkasaeng C,et al(2010).Chlorophyll stability is an indicator of drought tolerance in peanut.J Agron Crop Sci,194(2):113-125
Bai LP,Sui FG,Ge TD,et al(2006).Effect of soil drought stress on leaf water status,membrane permeability and enzymatic antioxidant system of maize.Pedosphere,16(3):326-332
Dai A(2012).Increasing drought under global warming in observations and models.Nat Clim Change,3(1):52-58
Ding YM,Ma LH,Zhou XG,et al(2013).Effects of drought stress on free proline and malonaldedyde contents in potato leaves and correlation analysis of drought-tolerant level among different varieties.Southwest China J Agr Sci,26(1):106-110(in Chinese with English abstract)[丁玉梅,马龙海,周晓罡等(2013).干旱胁迫下马铃薯叶片脯氨酸、丙二醛含量变化及与耐旱性的相关性分析.西南农业学报,26(1):106-110]
Eiasu BK,Soundy P,Hammes PS(2007).Response of potato(Solarium tuberosum)tuber yield components to gel-polymer soil amendments and irrigation regimes.New Zeal J Crop Hort,35(1):25-31
Gao J(2006).Experimental Guidance for Plant Physiology.Beijing:Higher Education Press(in Chinese)[高俊凤(2006).植物生理学实验指导.北京:高等教育出版社]
García-Valenzuela X,García-Moya E,Rascón-Cruz Q,et al(2005).Chlorophyll accumulation is enhanced by osmotic stress in graminaceous chlorophyllic cells.J Plant Physiol,162(6):650-661
Hu X,Jiang M,Zhang J,et al(2010).Calcium-calmodulin is required for abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defense and functions both upstream and downstream of H2O2production in leaves of maize(Zea mays)plants.New Phytol,173(1):27-38
Huang RD(2008).Genetics,physiological basis of crop stay green and its application prospects.J Shenyang Agr Univ,39(4):387-391(in Chinese with English abstract)[黄瑞冬(2008).作物持绿性的遗传、生理基础及其应用前景.沈阳农业大学学报,39(4):387-391]
Kang Y,Gong X,Zhao H,et al(2011).Physiological and biochemical response of potato under the drought stress in different growth period.Chin Agr Sci Bull,27(15):97-101(in Chinese with English abstract)[抗艳红,龚学臣,赵海超等(2011).不同生育时期干旱胁迫对马铃薯生理生化指标的影响.中国农学通报,27(15):97-101]
Kassahun B,Bidinger FR,Hash CT,et al(2010).Stay-green expression in early generation sorghum[Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench]QTL introgression lines.Euphytica,172(3):351-362
Kottmann L,Wilde P,Schittenhelm S(2016).How do timing,duration,and intensity of drought stress affect the agronomic performance of winter rye?Eur J Agron,75:25-32
Liang L,Liu X,Tang X,et al(2018).Effect of drought stress on physiological and biochemical indexes of potato leaves.Genom Appl Biol,37(3):1343-1348(in Chinese with English abstract)[梁丽娜,刘雪,唐勋等(2018).干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片生理生化指标的影响.基因组学与应用生物学,37(3):1343-1348]
Liu SJ,Meng LL,Meng ML,et al(2015).Physiological responses of potato under water stress and rehydration in tuber formation period.J Irrig Drain,34(10):45-51(in Chinese with English abstract)[刘素军,孟丽丽,蒙美莲等(2015).马铃薯对块茎形成期水分胁迫及胁迫后复水的生理响应研究.灌溉排水学报,34(10):45-51]
Nielsen DC,Vigil MF,Benjamin JG(2009).The variable response of dryland corn yield to soil water content at planting.Agr Water Manage,96(2):330-336
Ramírez DA,Kreuze J,Amoros W,et al(2017).Extreme salinity as a challenge to grow potatoes under Mars-like soil conditions:targeting promising genotypes.Int J Astrobiol,18(1):18-24
Ramírez DA,Yactayo W,Gutiérrez R,et al(2014).Chlorophyll concentration in leaves is an indicator of potato tuber yield in water-shortage conditions.Sci Hortic,168(3):202-209
Rolando JL,Ramírez DA,Yactayo W,et al(2015).Leaf greenness as a drought tolerance related trait in potato(Solanum tuberosum L.).Environ Exp Bot,110:27-35
Rosenzweig C,Iglesias A,Yang XB,et al(2001).Climate change and extreme weather events.Implications for food production,plant diseases,and pests.Glob Change Hum Health,2(2):90-104
Shi X,Cai H(2018).Estimation of nitrogen nutrition index of greenhouse tomato under different water and nitrogen fertilizer treatments based on leaf SPAD.Trans Chin Soc Agric Eng,34(17):116-126(in Chinese with English abstract)[石小虎,蔡焕杰(2018).基于叶片SPAD估算不同水氮处理下温室番茄氮营养指数.农业工程学报,34(17):116-126
Su YS,Guo HC,Chen YL(2007).Relationship between SPAD readings chlorophyll contents and yield of potato(Solanum tubersosum L.).Southwest China J Agr Sci,20(4):690-693(in Chinese with English abstract)[苏云松,郭华春,陈伊里(2007).马铃薯叶片SPAD值与叶绿素含量及产量的相关性研究.西南农业学报,20(4):690-693]
Sun PG,Wu Q,Xu BY,et al(2015).Progress in research on STAY-GREEN genes in plants.Plant Physiol J,51(7):1017-1023(in Chinese with English abstract)[孙佩光,吴琼,徐碧玉等(2015).植物滞绿基因STAY-GREEN的研究进展.植物生理学报,51(7):1017-1023]
Talwar HS,Surwenshi A,Seetharama N(2009).Use of SPADchlorophyll meter to screen sorghum(Sorghum bicolor)lines for postflowering drought tolerance.Ind J Agr Sci,79(1):35-39
Teixeira J,Pereira S(2007).High salinity and drought act on an organ-dependent manner on potato glutamine synthetase expression and accumulation.Environ Exp Bot,60(1):121-126
Tester M,Langridge P(2010).Breeding technologies to increase crop production in a changing world.Science,327(5967):818-822
Thomas H,Howarth CJ(2000).Five ways to stay green.J Exp Bot,51(S1):329-337
Wu X(2008).Evaluation of drought tolerance and clone of gene Fe-SOD in potato varieties(dissertation).Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University(in Chinese with English abstract)[武新娟(2008).马铃薯不同品种的抗旱性评价及Fe-SOD基因的研究(学位论文).哈尔滨:东北农业大学]
Xu JF,Jin LP(2017).Advances and perspectives in research of potato genetics and breeding.Sci Agr Sin,50(6):990-1015(in Chinese with English abstract)[徐建飞,金黎平(2017).马铃薯遗传育种研究:现状与展望.中国农业科学,50(6):990-1015]
Yan MM,Wang ML,Wang HB,et al(2014).Effects of light quality on photosynthetic pigment contents and photosynthetic characteristics of peanut seedling leaves.Chin J Appl Ecol,25(2):483-487(in Chinese with English abstract)[闫萌萌,王铭伦,王洪波等(2014).光质对花生幼苗叶片光合色素含量及光合特性的影响.应用生态学报,25(2):483-487]
Yin Z,Feng Y,Xiao G(2018).Effect of drought stress on the physiological and biochemical indexes of potato at different growth stages.J Yunnan Agr Univ Nat Sci,33(1):26-33(in Chinese with English abstract)[尹智宇,封永生,肖关丽(2018).干旱胁迫对马铃薯不同生育时期生理生化指标的影响.云南农业大学学报(自然科学),33(1):26-33]
Yin ZP,Liu XM,Shang ZW,et al(2011).Response of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters to different drought stress in Cerasus humilis Bunge.Plant Physiol J,47(5):452-458(in Chinese with English abstract)[尹赜鹏,刘雪梅,商志伟等(2011).不同干旱胁迫下欧李光合及叶绿素荧光参数的响应.植物生理学报,47(5):452-458]
Zhang LL,Shi Y,Qi X,et al(2015).Effects of drought stress on the ultrastructure and physiological indexes of leaf cells in three potato varieties.Agr Res Arid Areas,33(2):75-80(in Chinese with English abstract)[张丽莉,石瑛,祁雪等(2015).干旱胁迫对马铃薯叶片超微结构及生理指标的影响.干旱地区农业研究,33(2):75-80]
Zhao SJ,Xu CC,Zou Q,et al(1994).Improvements of method for measurement of malondialdehyde in plant tissues.Plant Physiol Commun,30(3):207-210(in Chinese)[赵世杰,许长成,邹琦等(1994).植物组织中丙二醛测定方法的改进.植物生理学通讯,30(3):207-210]
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