水土保持技术对农业产业-资源系统的耦合路径分析
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摘要
水土保持技术通过对农业产业-资源系统的作用过程影响系统的耦合效果,这一过程及效果成为农户选择水土保持技术的关键点。为此,运用结构方程模型,以典型流域—县南沟流域为对象,通过对2017年130户农户调研资料的分析,揭示其作用过程和耦合路径,结果表明:水土保持技术与生态环境、农业资源、农业产业形成了一个新的耦合系统,水土保持技术对生态环境的改良和农业资源量的增加具有促进作用,对农业产业的发展具有抑制作用。但其(现阶段)作用强度较弱,(水土保持技术对三者的路径系数分别为0.13、0.08、-0.02);这是由于县南沟流域基本完成了规模化治理,故水土保持技术对农业产业-资源系统的影响的弱强度是基于水土流失治理及治理措施有效发挥基础之上的弱强度,同时隐含了现有的水土保持技术体系已不能完全满足新时代背景下生态文明建设与经济发展的需求,需要围绕水土保持内涵经营过程,以生态功能的提升为主线,筛选、集成、研发水土保持技术,形成可适化水土保持技术体系。
Soil and water conservation technology influenced the coupling effect of the system through action on the agricultural industrial-resource system, and this process and effect is the key determinant among farmers to select appropriate soil and water conservation technology. Hence, we surveyed 130 households of the typical watershed-Xiannangou watershed in 2017, and these survey data were used to reveal the mechanism of action and the coupling path via the structural equation model. A new coupling system was developed from soil and water conservation technology and the ecological environment, agriculture resources, and agricultural industries. Soil and water conservation technology improved the ecological environment, increased agricultural resources, and inhibited the development of the agricultural industry; however, the intensity was weak at the present stage(the path coefficients were 0.13, 0.08, and -0.02, respectively). The underlying reason was that large-scale management was undertaken in the Xiannangou watershed; hence, the weak intensity of the effect of soil and water conservation technology to the agricultural industry-resource system was based on the weak intensity of the effective control measures for soil and water loss in the Xiannangou watershed, implying that the existing system of soil and water conservation technology could not fully meet the requirements of ecological civil construction and economic development in the new era. Screening, integrating, and developing soil and water conservation technology to develop suitable soil and water conservation technology is in great demand and must focus on soil and water conservation, while essentially upgrading ecological functions.
Soil and water conservation technology influenced the coupling effect of the system through action on the agricultural industrial-resource system, and this process and effect is the key determinant among farmers to select appropriate soil and water conservation technology. Hence, we surveyed 130 households of the typical watershed-Xiannangou watershed in 2017, and these survey data were used to reveal the mechanism of action and the coupling path via the structural equation model. A new coupling system was developed from soil and water conservation technology and the ecological environment, agriculture resources, and agricultural industries. Soil and water conservation technology improved the ecological environment, increased agricultural resources, and inhibited the development of the agricultural industry; however, the intensity was weak at the present stage(the path coefficients were 0.13, 0.08, and -0.02, respectively). The underlying reason was that large-scale management was undertaken in the Xiannangou watershed; hence, the weak intensity of the effect of soil and water conservation technology to the agricultural industry-resource system was based on the weak intensity of the effective control measures for soil and water loss in the Xiannangou watershed, implying that the existing system of soil and water conservation technology could not fully meet the requirements of ecological civil construction and economic development in the new era. Screening, integrating, and developing soil and water conservation technology to develop suitable soil and water conservation technology is in great demand and must focus on soil and water conservation, while essentially upgrading ecological functions.
引文
[1] 李智广,曹炜,刘秉正,罗志东.我国水土流失状况与发展趋势研究.中国水土保持科学,2008,6(1):57-62.
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[4] 顾建东.小流域治理中水土保持技术应用探讨.科技风,2018,(27):147- 147.
[5] 马晶.秦州区杏家沟流域水土保持综合治理技术.吉林农业,2018,(20):63- 62.
[6] 崔卫东.水土保持技术的适宜性评价.科技展望,2015,(23):126- 126.
[7] 代富强.水土保持技术的适宜性评价.江苏农业科学,2014,42(12):8- 12.
[8] 亢庆,黄俊,金平伟.水土保持治理工程保土效益评价指标及方法探讨.中国水土保持科学,2018,16(3):121- 124.
[9] 赵天香.喀斯特石漠化地区水土保持模式与效益监测评价研究.水利技术监督,2018,(4):111- 114.
[10] 杨婷婷,王静,杨智成,王正选,行仙峰,王建文,张寿鹏,李靖.石漠化地区水土保持效益评价指标体系的构建——以云南省曲靖市官麦地小流域为例.贵州农业科学,2018,46(7):82- 85,90-90.
[11] 张单.基于水土保持效益的黄土高原退耕还林政策评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[12] 刘佳,王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域“退耕还林”工程实施后生态足迹变化分析.水土保持通报,2008,28(5):161- 165.
[13] 俞慎,许敬华.南方红壤区崩岗侵蚀治理综合效益评价.福建农林大学学报:自然科学版,2016,45(4):361- 370.
[14] 顾剑红.广西石漠化地区小流域水土保持综合效益评价[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[15] 王琦.基于GIS与遥感的藉河示范区水土保持效益评价研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010.
[16] 程斯.开县芋子沟小流域水土保持效益分析与评价[D].重庆:西南大学,2009.
[17] 魏伟.汪坪小流域水土保持效益分析[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[18] 乔梅,王继军,李玥,成思敏,李茂森.纸坊沟流域水土保持技术及其产生背景分析(英文).资源与生态学报,2017,8(4):433- 440.
[19] 胡小宁,谢晓振,郭满才,王继军.生态技术评价方法与模型研究——理论模型设计.自然资源学报,2018,33(7):1152- 1164.
[20] 王继军,李慧,苏鑫,杜娜.基于农户层次的陕北黄土丘陵区农业生态经济系统耦合关系研究.自然资源学报,2010,25(11):1887- 1896.
[21] 成思敏,王继军,郭满才,李茂森,乔梅,赵晓翠.基于结构方程模型的陕北退耕区农业产业-资源系统耦合机制分析——以吴起县为例.自然资源学报,2018,33(7):1165- 1178.
[22] 苏鑫,王继军,郭满才,姜志德,李慧,牛艳利.基于结构方程模型的吴起县农业生态经济系统耦合关系.应用生态学报,2010,21(4):937- 944.
[23] 夏自兰,王继军,姚文秀,吕明权.水土保持背景下黄土丘陵区农业产业-资源系统耦合关系研究——基于农户行为的视角.中国生态农业学报,2012,20(3):369- 377.
[24] 吴兆龙,丁晓.结构方程模型的理论、建立与应用.科技管理研究,2004,(6):90- 92,95- 95.
[25] 王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合过程分析.应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2723- 2729.
[26] 王继军,姜志德,连坡,郭满才,姜峻,苏鑫,李慧,牛艳丽.70年来陕西省纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合态势.生态学报,2009,29(9):5130- 5137.
[27] 王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域农业生态经济安全评价.中国水土保持科学,2008,6(4):109- 113.
[28] 顾文,赵阿丽,徐健,王继军.基于碳汇生产理念下的县南沟流域退耕还林工程实施效果评价.水土保持研究,2014,21(2):144- 151,157- 157.
[2] 胡世明,陈瑾.中国水土流失防治机制探究.中国集体经济,2017,(31):7- 11.
[3] 鄂竟平.中国水土流失与生态安全综合科学考察总结报告.中国水土保持,2008,(12):3-6.
[4] 顾建东.小流域治理中水土保持技术应用探讨.科技风,2018,(27):147- 147.
[5] 马晶.秦州区杏家沟流域水土保持综合治理技术.吉林农业,2018,(20):63- 62.
[6] 崔卫东.水土保持技术的适宜性评价.科技展望,2015,(23):126- 126.
[7] 代富强.水土保持技术的适宜性评价.江苏农业科学,2014,42(12):8- 12.
[8] 亢庆,黄俊,金平伟.水土保持治理工程保土效益评价指标及方法探讨.中国水土保持科学,2018,16(3):121- 124.
[9] 赵天香.喀斯特石漠化地区水土保持模式与效益监测评价研究.水利技术监督,2018,(4):111- 114.
[10] 杨婷婷,王静,杨智成,王正选,行仙峰,王建文,张寿鹏,李靖.石漠化地区水土保持效益评价指标体系的构建——以云南省曲靖市官麦地小流域为例.贵州农业科学,2018,46(7):82- 85,90-90.
[11] 张单.基于水土保持效益的黄土高原退耕还林政策评价[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2016.
[12] 刘佳,王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域“退耕还林”工程实施后生态足迹变化分析.水土保持通报,2008,28(5):161- 165.
[13] 俞慎,许敬华.南方红壤区崩岗侵蚀治理综合效益评价.福建农林大学学报:自然科学版,2016,45(4):361- 370.
[14] 顾剑红.广西石漠化地区小流域水土保持综合效益评价[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[15] 王琦.基于GIS与遥感的藉河示范区水土保持效益评价研究[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2010.
[16] 程斯.开县芋子沟小流域水土保持效益分析与评价[D].重庆:西南大学,2009.
[17] 魏伟.汪坪小流域水土保持效益分析[D].南昌:江西农业大学,2017.
[18] 乔梅,王继军,李玥,成思敏,李茂森.纸坊沟流域水土保持技术及其产生背景分析(英文).资源与生态学报,2017,8(4):433- 440.
[19] 胡小宁,谢晓振,郭满才,王继军.生态技术评价方法与模型研究——理论模型设计.自然资源学报,2018,33(7):1152- 1164.
[20] 王继军,李慧,苏鑫,杜娜.基于农户层次的陕北黄土丘陵区农业生态经济系统耦合关系研究.自然资源学报,2010,25(11):1887- 1896.
[21] 成思敏,王继军,郭满才,李茂森,乔梅,赵晓翠.基于结构方程模型的陕北退耕区农业产业-资源系统耦合机制分析——以吴起县为例.自然资源学报,2018,33(7):1165- 1178.
[22] 苏鑫,王继军,郭满才,姜志德,李慧,牛艳利.基于结构方程模型的吴起县农业生态经济系统耦合关系.应用生态学报,2010,21(4):937- 944.
[23] 夏自兰,王继军,姚文秀,吕明权.水土保持背景下黄土丘陵区农业产业-资源系统耦合关系研究——基于农户行为的视角.中国生态农业学报,2012,20(3):369- 377.
[24] 吴兆龙,丁晓.结构方程模型的理论、建立与应用.科技管理研究,2004,(6):90- 92,95- 95.
[25] 王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合过程分析.应用生态学报,2009,20(11):2723- 2729.
[26] 王继军,姜志德,连坡,郭满才,姜峻,苏鑫,李慧,牛艳丽.70年来陕西省纸坊沟流域农业生态经济系统耦合态势.生态学报,2009,29(9):5130- 5137.
[27] 王继军.黄土丘陵区纸坊沟流域农业生态经济安全评价.中国水土保持科学,2008,6(4):109- 113.
[28] 顾文,赵阿丽,徐健,王继军.基于碳汇生产理念下的县南沟流域退耕还林工程实施效果评价.水土保持研究,2014,21(2):144- 151,157- 157.
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