武汉南郊高校内不同功能区PM_(2.5)化学成分分析
|
摘要
通过在武汉某高校校园的生活区、运动场、实验田区和施工区布设4个采样点,检测分析PM_(2.5)及其中金属元素和水溶性无机离子的含量。结果表明,施工区PM_(2.5)平均值超标0. 3倍,其余三区均达标,校园大气环境总体良好; PM_(2.5)中质量浓度较高的元素为Fe、Mg、Mn、Pb; Cd、Pb的富集因子> 100,判断其来源于建筑施工、实验田翻耕、汽车尾气等人为污染; PM_(2.5)中主要水溶性无机离子为SO_4~(2-)和NO_3~-,生活区、施工区的NO_3~-及生活区的SO_4~(2-)主要来源于二次污染,施工区SO_4~(2-)来源于二次污染和施工材料; X射线衍射显示施工区PM_(2.5)中存在石英、高岭石等矿物。
The content of PM_(2.5) as well as metal elements and water-soluble inorganic ions in it from 4 sampling sites representing respectively living quarters,sports field,experimental field and construction area in a university in Wuhan were analyzed. The results showed that the mean value of PM_(2.5) in construction area was 0. 3 times over the standard,while in the rest 3 areas,it achieved the standard,indicating good atmospheric environment on the campus. The concentration of Fe,Mg,Mn,Pb in PM_(2.5) were high. The enrichment factor of Cd and Pb were greater than 100,and they were judged as from building construction,experimental field tillage,automobile exhaust and other man-made pollution. The main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_(2.5) were SO_4~(2-)and NO3-. SO_4~(2-)and NO_3~-from living quarters,and NO_3~-from construction area were mainly derived from secondary pollution. SO_4~(2-)in construction area was from secondary pollution and construction materials. Quartz and kaolinite were detected in PM_(2.5) from construction area by X-ray diffraction method.
The content of PM_(2.5) as well as metal elements and water-soluble inorganic ions in it from 4 sampling sites representing respectively living quarters,sports field,experimental field and construction area in a university in Wuhan were analyzed. The results showed that the mean value of PM_(2.5) in construction area was 0. 3 times over the standard,while in the rest 3 areas,it achieved the standard,indicating good atmospheric environment on the campus. The concentration of Fe,Mg,Mn,Pb in PM_(2.5) were high. The enrichment factor of Cd and Pb were greater than 100,and they were judged as from building construction,experimental field tillage,automobile exhaust and other man-made pollution. The main water-soluble inorganic ions in PM_(2.5) were SO_4~(2-)and NO3-. SO_4~(2-)and NO_3~-from living quarters,and NO_3~-from construction area were mainly derived from secondary pollution. SO_4~(2-)in construction area was from secondary pollution and construction materials. Quartz and kaolinite were detected in PM_(2.5) from construction area by X-ray diffraction method.
引文
[1]孙韧,张文具,董海燕,等.天津市PM10和PM2. 5中水溶性离子化学特征及来源分析[J].中国环境监测,2014,30(2):145-150.
[2]李岚淼,李龙国,李乃稳.城市雾霾成因及危害研究进展[J].环境工程,2017,35(12):92-97.
[3]杨春雪,阚海东,陈仁杰.我国大气细颗粒物水平、成分、来源及污染特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(8):735-738.
[4]陈源,谢绍东,罗彬.成都市大气细颗粒物组成和污染特征分析(2012—2013年)[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(3):1021-1031.
[5]陈纯,朱泽军,刘丹,等.郑州市大气PM2. 5的污染特征及源解析[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(5):47-52.
[6]单爱琴,张威,周洪英.徐州市不同功能区重金属污染与健康风险评价[J].环境工程,2016,34(9):125-129.
[7]中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[8]杜青,张予燕. ICP-MS法测定南京市环境空气PM2. 5中多种元素[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(2):45-49.
[9]刘凤玲,卢霞,吴梦龙,等.南京大气细粒子中重金属污染特征及来源解析[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(2):652-658.
[10]李璇,聂滕,齐珺,等. 2013年1月北京市PM2. 5区域来源解析[J].环境科学,2015,35(4):1148-1153.
[11]刘文彬,王宇骏,黄祖照,等.广州市冬季PM2. 5污染过程二次水溶性无机离子组分特征[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(4):65-68.
[2]李岚淼,李龙国,李乃稳.城市雾霾成因及危害研究进展[J].环境工程,2017,35(12):92-97.
[3]杨春雪,阚海东,陈仁杰.我国大气细颗粒物水平、成分、来源及污染特征[J].环境与健康杂志,2011,28(8):735-738.
[4]陈源,谢绍东,罗彬.成都市大气细颗粒物组成和污染特征分析(2012—2013年)[J].环境科学学报,2016,36(3):1021-1031.
[5]陈纯,朱泽军,刘丹,等.郑州市大气PM2. 5的污染特征及源解析[J].中国环境监测,2013,29(5):47-52.
[6]单爱琴,张威,周洪英.徐州市不同功能区重金属污染与健康风险评价[J].环境工程,2016,34(9):125-129.
[7]中国环境监测总站.中国土壤元素背景值[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1990.
[8]杜青,张予燕. ICP-MS法测定南京市环境空气PM2. 5中多种元素[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(2):45-49.
[9]刘凤玲,卢霞,吴梦龙,等.南京大气细粒子中重金属污染特征及来源解析[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(2):652-658.
[10]李璇,聂滕,齐珺,等. 2013年1月北京市PM2. 5区域来源解析[J].环境科学,2015,35(4):1148-1153.
[11]刘文彬,王宇骏,黄祖照,等.广州市冬季PM2. 5污染过程二次水溶性无机离子组分特征[J].环境监测管理与技术,2017,29(4):65-68.