古尔班通古特沙漠南缘固定沙丘坡面土壤水分动态随机模拟
|
摘要
为揭示土壤水分动态对干旱沙区坡面尺度水文和生态过程的影响机理,基于Rodriguez-Iturbe土壤水分动态随机模型,通过修正模型输入项参数,获取干旱沙区坡面土壤水分动态随机模型,并利用2015—2016年古尔班通古特沙漠南缘固定沙丘坡面生长季根系层土壤水分观测数据及2000—2016年日降水资料,分析研究区生长季坡面土壤水分动态与土壤水分概率密度函数特征,探讨该坡面随机模型参数敏感性及应用可行性.结果表明:研究区生长季降水分布极不规则,以<5 mm降水为主,降水量主要源于>10 mm降水,降水间隔期以<10 d为主,且东坡次降水量略大于西坡;东、西坡面生长季土壤水分年际变化与降雨分布基本一致,西坡根系层土壤含水率略低于东坡,且各坡面生长季根系层土壤水分均服从正态分布;该坡面随机模型模拟得到的不同坡面生长季根系层土壤水分概率密度函数的曲线特征(峰值及其位置、95%置信区间)与观测结果基本一致,一致性指数(CM)均大于0.5,说明该坡面随机模型能对研究区坡面土壤水分概率密度函数进行高效模拟,具有较好的适用性,可为干旱沙区植被生存或恢复研究及实施荒漠化防治生态建设工程提供理论基础和科学方法.
To examine the effects of soil moisture dynamics on hydrological and ecological processes at the hillslope scale in the desert region,a hillslope-scale soil moisture dynamic stochastic model in arid sandy based on Rodriguez-Iturbe soil moisture dynamic stochastic model( RI model) was developed by modifying the input parameters of the model. Using the continuously monitored data of soil moisture in root zone during growing season from 2015 to 2016 and daily precipitation from 2000 to 2016 in a fixed dune at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert,we analyzed soil moisture dynamics and probability density function of soil moisture on slopes in growing season and discussed the sensitivity of parameters of the stochastic model and its application feasibility. The results showed that the seasonal distribution of precipitation was irregular. The total number of annual precipitation was mainly derived from the precipitation of > 10 mm. The precipitation frequency and interval were dominated by <5 mm and <10 d,respectively. The precipitation in the eastern slope was slightly larger than that in the western slope. The interannual variability of soil moisture in the eastern and western slopes in the growing season was basically consistent with the rainfall distribution. The soil moisture in the root zone in the western slope was slightly lower than that in the eastern slope,and the soil water content in different slope positions followed a normal distribution. The curve characteristics of the soil moisture probability density function( the curve peak value,the position of the peak,the confidence interval of 95%) in the root zone in the different slopes in growing season simulated by the hillslope-scale model were consistent with observed values,with the consistency measure( CM) being higher than 0. 5. Such a result indicated that the hillslope-scale stochastic model could be used for simulating the soil moisture probability density function in different slope positions in the study area,with a good applicability. This model could provide theoretical basis and scientific methods for vegetation survival or restoration and the implementation of ecological construction project of desertification control in arid sandy area.
To examine the effects of soil moisture dynamics on hydrological and ecological processes at the hillslope scale in the desert region,a hillslope-scale soil moisture dynamic stochastic model in arid sandy based on Rodriguez-Iturbe soil moisture dynamic stochastic model( RI model) was developed by modifying the input parameters of the model. Using the continuously monitored data of soil moisture in root zone during growing season from 2015 to 2016 and daily precipitation from 2000 to 2016 in a fixed dune at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert,we analyzed soil moisture dynamics and probability density function of soil moisture on slopes in growing season and discussed the sensitivity of parameters of the stochastic model and its application feasibility. The results showed that the seasonal distribution of precipitation was irregular. The total number of annual precipitation was mainly derived from the precipitation of > 10 mm. The precipitation frequency and interval were dominated by <5 mm and <10 d,respectively. The precipitation in the eastern slope was slightly larger than that in the western slope. The interannual variability of soil moisture in the eastern and western slopes in the growing season was basically consistent with the rainfall distribution. The soil moisture in the root zone in the western slope was slightly lower than that in the eastern slope,and the soil water content in different slope positions followed a normal distribution. The curve characteristics of the soil moisture probability density function( the curve peak value,the position of the peak,the confidence interval of 95%) in the root zone in the different slopes in growing season simulated by the hillslope-scale model were consistent with observed values,with the consistency measure( CM) being higher than 0. 5. Such a result indicated that the hillslope-scale stochastic model could be used for simulating the soil moisture probability density function in different slope positions in the study area,with a good applicability. This model could provide theoretical basis and scientific methods for vegetation survival or restoration and the implementation of ecological construction project of desertification control in arid sandy area.
引文
[1]Legates DR,Mahmood R,Levia DF,et al.Soil moisture:A central and unifying theme in physical geography.Progress in Physical Geography,2010,35:65-86
[2]Duan Z-H(段争虎).Effect,status quo and development orientation of soil water research in the eco-hydrological processes of catchment.Advances in Earth Science(地球科学进展),2008,23(7):682-684(in Chinese)
[3]Xu H(许皓),Li Y(李彦).Water use strategies and corresponding leaf physiological performance of three desert shrubs.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica(西北植物学报),2005,25(7):1309-1316(in Chinese)
[4]Wang Y-G(王玉刚),Xiao D-N(肖笃宁),Li Y(李彦).Dynamic characteristics of land degradation development in agricultural oasis of desert-oasis ecotone.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(农业工程学报),2007,23(6):83-90(in Chinese)
[5]Zhang S-P(张帅普),Shao M-A(邵明安),Li D-F(李丹凤).Spatial distribution and temporal stability of soil water storage in an oasis-desert ecotone.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2017,28(8):2509-2516(in Chinese)
[6]Rodriguez-Iturbe I,Porporato A,Ridolfi L,et al.Probabilistic modeling of water balance at a point:The role of climate,soil and vegetation.Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A,1999,455:3789-3805
[7]Rodriguez-Iturbe I,Entekhabi D,Bras RL.Nonlinear dynamics of soil moisture at climate scales.Ⅰ.Stochastic analysis.Water Resources Research,1991,27:1899-1906
[8]Liu H(刘鹄),Zhao W-Z(赵文智).Advances in research on soil moisture probability density functions obtained from models for stochastic soil moisture dynamics.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2006,17(6):894-904(in Chinese)
[9]Eagleson PS.Climate,soil and vegetation:6.Dynamics of the annual water balance.Water Resources Research,1978,14:749-763
[10]Cordova JR,Bras RL.Physically based probabilistic models of infiltration,soil moisture and actual evapotranspiration.Water Resources Research,1981,17:93-106
[11]Hosking IRM,Clarke RT.Rain fall-runoff relations derived from probability theory of storage.Water Resources Research,1990,26:1455-1463
[12]Milly PCD.An analytic solution of the stochastic storage problem applicable to soil water.Water Resources Research,1993,29:3755-3758
[13]Porporato A,Daly E,Rodriguez-Iturbe I.Soil water balance and ecosystem response to climate change.The American Naturalist,2004,164:625-632
[14]Laio F,Porporato A,Ridolfi L,et al.Plants in watercontrolled ecosystems:Active role in hydrologic processes and response to water stress.Ⅱ.Probabilistic soil moisture dynamics.Advances in Water Resources,2001,24:707-723
[15]Tamea S,Laio F,Ridolfi L,et al.Ecohydrology of groundwater-dependent ecosystems.Ⅱ.Stochastic soil moisture dynamics.Water Resources Research,2009,45:W05420
[16]Pan XY,Potter NJ,Xia J,et al.Hillslope-scale probabilistic characterization of soil moisture dynamics and average water balance.Hydrological Processes,2013,27:1464-1474
[17]Ridolfi L,D’Odorico P,Porporato A,et al.Stochastic soil moisture dynamics along a hillslope.Journal of Hydrology,2003,272:264-275
[18]Yao S-X(姚淑霞),Zhang T-H(张铜会),Zhao C-C(赵传成).Analysis of soil moisture dynamics and its probability density function simulation in Horqin Sand Land.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2013,24(1):62-72(in Chinese)
[19]Zhou H-F(周宏飞),Xiao Z-Y(肖祖炎),Yao H-J(姚海娇),et al.Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in dendritic sand dune over Gurbantunggut Desert in central Eurasia.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2013,24(6):771-777(in Chinese)
[20]Zhu H(朱海),Hu S-J(胡顺军),Chen Y-B(陈永宝).Spatio-temporal variation of soil moisture in fixed dunes at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert.Acta Pedologica Sinica(土壤学报),2016,53(1):117-126(in Chinese)
[21]Miller GR,Baldocchi DD,Law BE,et al.An analysis of soil moisture dynamics using multi-year data from a network of micrometeorological observation sites.Advances in Water Resources,2007,30:1065-1081
[22]Jarque CM,Bera AK.A test for normality of observations and regression residuals.International Statistical Review,1987,55:163-172
[23]Yin X-W(尹鑫卫),Li X-L(李晓玲),Wang Q(王琦),et al.Sensitivity analysis and optimization of parameters for Laio soil moisture dynamics to chastic model for ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture(中国生态农业学报),2018,26(5):746-758(in Chinese)
[24]Zhu AX.A personal construct-based knowledge acquisition process for natural resource mapping.International Journal of Geographical Information Science,1999,13:119-141
[25]Nash JE,Sutcliffe JV.River flow forecasting through conceptual models.PartⅠ:A discussion of principles.Journal of Hydrology,1970,10:282-290
[26]Mishra S,Singh VP,Sansalone JJ,et al.A modified SCS-CN method:Characterization and testing.Water Resources Management,2003,17:37-68
[27]Bosznay M.Generalization of SCS curve number method.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,1989,115:139-144
[28]Huang Z-D(黄仲冬),Qi X-B(齐学斌),Fan X-Y(樊向阳),et al.Quantitative analysis of soil water availability and its influencing factors.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation(水土保持学报),2014,28(5):71-76(in Chinese)
[29]Zhai C-X(翟翠霞),Ma J(马健),Li Y(李彦).Soil evaporation of aeolian sandy soil in Gurbantunggut Desert.Arid Land Geography(干旱区地理),2007,30(6):805-811(in Chinese)
[30]Vanrolleghem PA,Mannina G,Cosenza A,et al,Global sensitivity analysis for urban water quality modelling:Terminology,convergence and comparison of different methods.Journal of Hydrology,2015,522:339-352
[31]Li Y(李毅),Shao M-A(邵明安),Wang W-Y(王文焰),et al.Sensitive analyses of parameters in unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity model.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2003,5(12):593-597(in Chinese)
[32]Zou H(邹慧),Gao G-Y(高光耀),Fu B-J(傅伯杰).The relationship between grassland ecosystem and soil water in arid and semi-arid areas:A review.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2016,36(11):3127-3136(in Chinese)
[33]Pan X-Y(潘兴瑶),Xia J(夏军),Zhang L(张橹).A review of soil water balance studies based on stochastic soil moisture model.Resources Science(资源科学),2008,30(3):460-467(in Chinese)
[34]Huang L(黄磊),Zhang Z-S(张志山),Chen Y-L(陈永乐).Probabilistic modeling of soil moisture dynamics in a revegeted desert area.Journal of Desert Research(中国沙漠),2013,33(2):568-573(in Chinese)
[2]Duan Z-H(段争虎).Effect,status quo and development orientation of soil water research in the eco-hydrological processes of catchment.Advances in Earth Science(地球科学进展),2008,23(7):682-684(in Chinese)
[3]Xu H(许皓),Li Y(李彦).Water use strategies and corresponding leaf physiological performance of three desert shrubs.Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica(西北植物学报),2005,25(7):1309-1316(in Chinese)
[4]Wang Y-G(王玉刚),Xiao D-N(肖笃宁),Li Y(李彦).Dynamic characteristics of land degradation development in agricultural oasis of desert-oasis ecotone.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(农业工程学报),2007,23(6):83-90(in Chinese)
[5]Zhang S-P(张帅普),Shao M-A(邵明安),Li D-F(李丹凤).Spatial distribution and temporal stability of soil water storage in an oasis-desert ecotone.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报),2017,28(8):2509-2516(in Chinese)
[6]Rodriguez-Iturbe I,Porporato A,Ridolfi L,et al.Probabilistic modeling of water balance at a point:The role of climate,soil and vegetation.Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A,1999,455:3789-3805
[7]Rodriguez-Iturbe I,Entekhabi D,Bras RL.Nonlinear dynamics of soil moisture at climate scales.Ⅰ.Stochastic analysis.Water Resources Research,1991,27:1899-1906
[8]Liu H(刘鹄),Zhao W-Z(赵文智).Advances in research on soil moisture probability density functions obtained from models for stochastic soil moisture dynamics.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2006,17(6):894-904(in Chinese)
[9]Eagleson PS.Climate,soil and vegetation:6.Dynamics of the annual water balance.Water Resources Research,1978,14:749-763
[10]Cordova JR,Bras RL.Physically based probabilistic models of infiltration,soil moisture and actual evapotranspiration.Water Resources Research,1981,17:93-106
[11]Hosking IRM,Clarke RT.Rain fall-runoff relations derived from probability theory of storage.Water Resources Research,1990,26:1455-1463
[12]Milly PCD.An analytic solution of the stochastic storage problem applicable to soil water.Water Resources Research,1993,29:3755-3758
[13]Porporato A,Daly E,Rodriguez-Iturbe I.Soil water balance and ecosystem response to climate change.The American Naturalist,2004,164:625-632
[14]Laio F,Porporato A,Ridolfi L,et al.Plants in watercontrolled ecosystems:Active role in hydrologic processes and response to water stress.Ⅱ.Probabilistic soil moisture dynamics.Advances in Water Resources,2001,24:707-723
[15]Tamea S,Laio F,Ridolfi L,et al.Ecohydrology of groundwater-dependent ecosystems.Ⅱ.Stochastic soil moisture dynamics.Water Resources Research,2009,45:W05420
[16]Pan XY,Potter NJ,Xia J,et al.Hillslope-scale probabilistic characterization of soil moisture dynamics and average water balance.Hydrological Processes,2013,27:1464-1474
[17]Ridolfi L,D’Odorico P,Porporato A,et al.Stochastic soil moisture dynamics along a hillslope.Journal of Hydrology,2003,272:264-275
[18]Yao S-X(姚淑霞),Zhang T-H(张铜会),Zhao C-C(赵传成).Analysis of soil moisture dynamics and its probability density function simulation in Horqin Sand Land.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2013,24(1):62-72(in Chinese)
[19]Zhou H-F(周宏飞),Xiao Z-Y(肖祖炎),Yao H-J(姚海娇),et al.Temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture in dendritic sand dune over Gurbantunggut Desert in central Eurasia.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2013,24(6):771-777(in Chinese)
[20]Zhu H(朱海),Hu S-J(胡顺军),Chen Y-B(陈永宝).Spatio-temporal variation of soil moisture in fixed dunes at the southern edge of Gurbantunggut Desert.Acta Pedologica Sinica(土壤学报),2016,53(1):117-126(in Chinese)
[21]Miller GR,Baldocchi DD,Law BE,et al.An analysis of soil moisture dynamics using multi-year data from a network of micrometeorological observation sites.Advances in Water Resources,2007,30:1065-1081
[22]Jarque CM,Bera AK.A test for normality of observations and regression residuals.International Statistical Review,1987,55:163-172
[23]Yin X-W(尹鑫卫),Li X-L(李晓玲),Wang Q(王琦),et al.Sensitivity analysis and optimization of parameters for Laio soil moisture dynamics to chastic model for ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system.Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture(中国生态农业学报),2018,26(5):746-758(in Chinese)
[24]Zhu AX.A personal construct-based knowledge acquisition process for natural resource mapping.International Journal of Geographical Information Science,1999,13:119-141
[25]Nash JE,Sutcliffe JV.River flow forecasting through conceptual models.PartⅠ:A discussion of principles.Journal of Hydrology,1970,10:282-290
[26]Mishra S,Singh VP,Sansalone JJ,et al.A modified SCS-CN method:Characterization and testing.Water Resources Management,2003,17:37-68
[27]Bosznay M.Generalization of SCS curve number method.Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,1989,115:139-144
[28]Huang Z-D(黄仲冬),Qi X-B(齐学斌),Fan X-Y(樊向阳),et al.Quantitative analysis of soil water availability and its influencing factors.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation(水土保持学报),2014,28(5):71-76(in Chinese)
[29]Zhai C-X(翟翠霞),Ma J(马健),Li Y(李彦).Soil evaporation of aeolian sandy soil in Gurbantunggut Desert.Arid Land Geography(干旱区地理),2007,30(6):805-811(in Chinese)
[30]Vanrolleghem PA,Mannina G,Cosenza A,et al,Global sensitivity analysis for urban water quality modelling:Terminology,convergence and comparison of different methods.Journal of Hydrology,2015,522:339-352
[31]Li Y(李毅),Shao M-A(邵明安),Wang W-Y(王文焰),et al.Sensitive analyses of parameters in unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity model.Advances in Water Science(水科学进展),2003,5(12):593-597(in Chinese)
[32]Zou H(邹慧),Gao G-Y(高光耀),Fu B-J(傅伯杰).The relationship between grassland ecosystem and soil water in arid and semi-arid areas:A review.Acta Ecologica Sinica(生态学报),2016,36(11):3127-3136(in Chinese)
[33]Pan X-Y(潘兴瑶),Xia J(夏军),Zhang L(张橹).A review of soil water balance studies based on stochastic soil moisture model.Resources Science(资源科学),2008,30(3):460-467(in Chinese)
[34]Huang L(黄磊),Zhang Z-S(张志山),Chen Y-L(陈永乐).Probabilistic modeling of soil moisture dynamics in a revegeted desert area.Journal of Desert Research(中国沙漠),2013,33(2):568-573(in Chinese)