甘蔗种植对土壤团聚体及有机碳分布特征的影响
|
摘要
【目的】对比分析广西金光农场蔗地与林地土壤团聚体组成及有机碳分布状况,探讨长期种植甘蔗对土壤质量的影响。【方法】采集蔗地及对应林地土壤,分别用干筛法和湿筛法测定其土壤团聚体组成,分析土壤基本理化性质、平均质量直径(MWD)、平均几何直径(GMD)及分形维数(D)等指标。【结果】蔗地与林地土壤>5 mm粒级的团聚体含量差异显著,其它粒级的差异不显著;种植甘蔗有利于增加大粒径团聚体的有机碳含量;蔗地土壤的破坏率显著高于林地土壤,导致蔗地土壤1～0.5 mm、0.5～0.25 mm和<0.25 mm粒级团聚体累积有机碳占比高于林地土壤。干筛法测定的蔗地土壤的MWD和GMD高于林地土壤,D值则低于林地土壤,但两者之间的差异均不显著;湿筛法的结果与之相反。【结论】长期种植甘蔗不会在较大程度上改变土壤团聚体组成特征,且团聚体机械稳定性显著增加、水稳性显著降低;甘蔗种植有增加大团聚体有机碳含量的趋势,并加速了土壤有机碳的运转。
【Objective】To discuss the effect of long-term sugarcane planting on soil quality, the difference in composition of soil aggregates and distribution of soil organic carbon between sugarcane field and woodland soils in Jin-guang Farm of Guangxi Province were analyzed.【Method】The sugarcane field and the corresponding woodland soil were collected, soil aggregates composition was determined by dry sieving and wet sieving respectively, the basic physical and chemical properties, mean weight diameter(MWD), geometric mean diameter(GMD) and fractal dimension(D) were all analyzed.【Result】The content of >5 mm size aggregates between in sugarcane field and woodland was significant difference, but the other size was not. Sugarcane planting was beneficial to increase the content of soil organic carbon in large particle size aggregates, however, the percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD) in sugarcane field soil was significantly higher than that in woodland soil, which led to the higher proportion of soil organic carbon accumulated in the soil group of 1-0.5 mm, 0.5-0.25 mm and < 0.25 mm in sugarcane field than that in woodland soil. Dry sieving results showed that the MWD and GMD of sugarcane field soil were higher than those of woodland soil, and the D value of sugarcane land soil was lower than that of woodland soil, but there were no significant differences. Wet sieving presented opposite trends, and there was no significant difference either.【Conclusion】Long-term sugarcane planting did not change the composition of soil aggregates, the aggregate mechanical stability was significantly increased, and the water stability was significantly reduced. Sugarcane planting also increased the content of organic carbon in large aggregates, and accelerated the transport of soil organic carbon in soil.
【Objective】To discuss the effect of long-term sugarcane planting on soil quality, the difference in composition of soil aggregates and distribution of soil organic carbon between sugarcane field and woodland soils in Jin-guang Farm of Guangxi Province were analyzed.【Method】The sugarcane field and the corresponding woodland soil were collected, soil aggregates composition was determined by dry sieving and wet sieving respectively, the basic physical and chemical properties, mean weight diameter(MWD), geometric mean diameter(GMD) and fractal dimension(D) were all analyzed.【Result】The content of >5 mm size aggregates between in sugarcane field and woodland was significant difference, but the other size was not. Sugarcane planting was beneficial to increase the content of soil organic carbon in large particle size aggregates, however, the percentage of aggregate destruction(PAD) in sugarcane field soil was significantly higher than that in woodland soil, which led to the higher proportion of soil organic carbon accumulated in the soil group of 1-0.5 mm, 0.5-0.25 mm and < 0.25 mm in sugarcane field than that in woodland soil. Dry sieving results showed that the MWD and GMD of sugarcane field soil were higher than those of woodland soil, and the D value of sugarcane land soil was lower than that of woodland soil, but there were no significant differences. Wet sieving presented opposite trends, and there was no significant difference either.【Conclusion】Long-term sugarcane planting did not change the composition of soil aggregates, the aggregate mechanical stability was significantly increased, and the water stability was significantly reduced. Sugarcane planting also increased the content of organic carbon in large aggregates, and accelerated the transport of soil organic carbon in soil.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国国家统计局,国家数据(DB/OL).http://data.stats.gov.cn/easyquery.htm?cn=C01.
[2]王倩,李军,宁芳,等.渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(9):2925-2934.
[3]李娟,韩霁昌,陈超,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土地利用方式对土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):248-254.
[4]李辉信,袁颖红,黄欠如,等.不同施肥处理对红壤水稻土团聚体有机碳分布的影响[J].土壤学报,2006,43(3):422-429.
[5]李欣雨,夏建国,田汶艳.稻田植茶后土壤团聚体水稳性变化特征及影响因素分析[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):148-154.
[6]Six J,Elliot E T,Paustian K.Soil structure and soil organic matter:II.A normalized stability index and the effect of mineralogy[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1042-1049.
[7]周虎,吕贻忠,杨志臣,等.保护性耕作对华北平原土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(9):1973-1979.
[8]Song K,Yang J,Xue Y,et al.Influence of tillage practices and straw incorporation on soil aggregates,organic carbon,and crop yields in a rice-wheat rotation system[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:36602.
[9]Chen Z,Ti J S,Chen F.Soil aggregates response to tillage and residue management in a double paddy rice soil of the Southern China[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2017,109(9):103-114.
[10]Mahmoodabadi M,Ahmadbeigi B.Dry and water-stable aggregates in different cultivation systems of arid region soils[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2013,6(8):2997-3002.
[11]Ahmad E H,Demisie W,Zhang M.Effects of Land Use on Concentrations and Chemical Forms of Phosphorus in Different-Size Aggregates[J].Eurasian Soil Science,2017,50(12):1435-1443.
[12]Kemper W D,Rosenau R C.Aggregate stability and size distribution[A].In:Klute A.Methods of Soil Analysis.Part 1.Physical and Mineralogical Methods (2nd ed)[C].Madison:ASA and SSSA,1986:425-442.
[13]Elliott E T.Aggregate structure and carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1986,50(3):627-633.
[14]杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899.
[15]江春玉,刘萍,刘明,等.不同肥力红壤水稻土根际团聚体组成和碳氮分布动态[J].土壤学报,2017,54(1):138-149.
[16]孙运朋,杨劲松,姚荣江,等.生物炭和无机肥对盐碱滩涂围垦农田土壤性状的影响[J].土壤通报,2017,48(2):454-459.
[17]Demelash N,Bayu W,Tesfaye S,et al.Current and residual effects of compost and inorganic fertilizer on wheat and soil chemical properties[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2014,100(3):357-367.
[18]Pirmoradian N,Sepaskhah A R,Hajabbasi M A.Application of fractal theory to quantify soil aggregate stability as influenced by tillage treatments[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,90(2):227-234.
[19]雷崇华,李廷化,韦金凡,等.金光农场甘蔗土壤养分含量状况研究[J].甘蔗糖业,2015,6(3):10-13.
[20]邓万刚,吴蔚东,罗微,等.土地利用变化对海南热带土壤团聚体的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(2):242-245.
[21]王国会,王建军,陶利波,等.围封对宁夏荒漠草原土壤团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(1):76-81.
[22]蔡立群,杜伟,罗珠珠,等.陇中坡地不同退耕模式对土壤团粒结构分形特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):200-208.
[23]刘哲,陈田庆,孙增慧,等.长期施用不同有机物料对土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,6(3):100-107.
[24]徐国鑫,王子芳,高明,等.秸秆与生物炭还田对土壤团聚体及固碳特征的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(1):355-342.
[2]王倩,李军,宁芳,等.渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价[J].应用生态学报,2018,29(9):2925-2934.
[3]李娟,韩霁昌,陈超,等.黄土高原丘陵沟壑区土地利用方式对土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):248-254.
[4]李辉信,袁颖红,黄欠如,等.不同施肥处理对红壤水稻土团聚体有机碳分布的影响[J].土壤学报,2006,43(3):422-429.
[5]李欣雨,夏建国,田汶艳.稻田植茶后土壤团聚体水稳性变化特征及影响因素分析[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):148-154.
[6]Six J,Elliot E T,Paustian K.Soil structure and soil organic matter:II.A normalized stability index and the effect of mineralogy[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2000,64(5):1042-1049.
[7]周虎,吕贻忠,杨志臣,等.保护性耕作对华北平原土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国农业科学,2007,40(9):1973-1979.
[8]Song K,Yang J,Xue Y,et al.Influence of tillage practices and straw incorporation on soil aggregates,organic carbon,and crop yields in a rice-wheat rotation system[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:36602.
[9]Chen Z,Ti J S,Chen F.Soil aggregates response to tillage and residue management in a double paddy rice soil of the Southern China[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2017,109(9):103-114.
[10]Mahmoodabadi M,Ahmadbeigi B.Dry and water-stable aggregates in different cultivation systems of arid region soils[J].Arabian Journal of Geosciences,2013,6(8):2997-3002.
[11]Ahmad E H,Demisie W,Zhang M.Effects of Land Use on Concentrations and Chemical Forms of Phosphorus in Different-Size Aggregates[J].Eurasian Soil Science,2017,50(12):1435-1443.
[12]Kemper W D,Rosenau R C.Aggregate stability and size distribution[A].In:Klute A.Methods of Soil Analysis.Part 1.Physical and Mineralogical Methods (2nd ed)[C].Madison:ASA and SSSA,1986:425-442.
[13]Elliott E T.Aggregate structure and carbon,nitrogen and phosphorus in native and cultivated soils[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1986,50(3):627-633.
[14]杨培岭,罗远培,石元春.用粒径的重量分布表征的土壤分形特征[J].科学通报,1993,38(20):1896-1899.
[15]江春玉,刘萍,刘明,等.不同肥力红壤水稻土根际团聚体组成和碳氮分布动态[J].土壤学报,2017,54(1):138-149.
[16]孙运朋,杨劲松,姚荣江,等.生物炭和无机肥对盐碱滩涂围垦农田土壤性状的影响[J].土壤通报,2017,48(2):454-459.
[17]Demelash N,Bayu W,Tesfaye S,et al.Current and residual effects of compost and inorganic fertilizer on wheat and soil chemical properties[J].Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2014,100(3):357-367.
[18]Pirmoradian N,Sepaskhah A R,Hajabbasi M A.Application of fractal theory to quantify soil aggregate stability as influenced by tillage treatments[J].Biosystems Engineering,2005,90(2):227-234.
[19]雷崇华,李廷化,韦金凡,等.金光农场甘蔗土壤养分含量状况研究[J].甘蔗糖业,2015,6(3):10-13.
[20]邓万刚,吴蔚东,罗微,等.土地利用变化对海南热带土壤团聚体的影响[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(2):242-245.
[21]王国会,王建军,陶利波,等.围封对宁夏荒漠草原土壤团聚体组成及其稳定性的影响[J].草地学报,2017,25(1):76-81.
[22]蔡立群,杜伟,罗珠珠,等.陇中坡地不同退耕模式对土壤团粒结构分形特征的影响[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(1):200-208.
[23]刘哲,陈田庆,孙增慧,等.长期施用不同有机物料对土壤团聚体特征的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2018,6(3):100-107.
[24]徐国鑫,王子芳,高明,等.秸秆与生物炭还田对土壤团聚体及固碳特征的影响[J].环境科学,2018,39(1):355-342.