基于三NaI(Tl)晶体探测器的放射源定位研究
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摘要
设计了一种三NaI(Tl)晶体组成的γ射线源定位探测器系统,并通过模拟仿真及实验研究了三NaI(Tl)晶体探测器在137Cs辐射场中全能峰占比计数随距离及入射粒子方向变化的关系。结果表明:在远距离探测情况下,采用全能峰占比法可以有效消除源与探测器间距对角度分辨的影响。对于探测距离约为2.58 m的1.36×106Bq的137Cs源,测量的最大角度偏差≤1.72°,定位位置相对偏差为3.71%。
[Background] With the wide application of radioactive sources and radioactive materials, the probability of losing radioactive source accidents is increasing. [Purpose] This study aims to locate lost radioactive sources by using three gamma ray directional detectors. [Methods] A gamma ray detection system consisting of three NaI(Tl)crystals was designed. The relationship between the full-energy peak ratio of the three NaI(Tl) detectors in the137 Cs radiation field as a function of distance and incident particle direction was studied by simulation and experiment.[Results] The results show that in the case of long-range detection, the full-energy peak ratio method can effectively eliminate the influence of the source-detector spacing on the angular resolution. For the 1.36×106 Bq137 Cs source at the distance of about 2.58 m, maximum angular deviation of measurement is 1.72° or less, and the relative positional deviation is 3.71%. [Conclusions] The designed three NaI(Tl) crystal detector has stable angular resolution in a certain range and can distinguish the incident direction of rays.
[Background] With the wide application of radioactive sources and radioactive materials, the probability of losing radioactive source accidents is increasing. [Purpose] This study aims to locate lost radioactive sources by using three gamma ray directional detectors. [Methods] A gamma ray detection system consisting of three NaI(Tl)crystals was designed. The relationship between the full-energy peak ratio of the three NaI(Tl) detectors in the137 Cs radiation field as a function of distance and incident particle direction was studied by simulation and experiment.[Results] The results show that in the case of long-range detection, the full-energy peak ratio method can effectively eliminate the influence of the source-detector spacing on the angular resolution. For the 1.36×106 Bq137 Cs source at the distance of about 2.58 m, maximum angular deviation of measurement is 1.72° or less, and the relative positional deviation is 3.71%. [Conclusions] The designed three NaI(Tl) crystal detector has stable angular resolution in a certain range and can distinguish the incident direction of rays.
引文
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9谭军文,左国平,周剑良,等.NaI探测器搜寻γ源定位准直器模拟设计[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,(4):354?360.TAN Junwen,ZUO Guoping,ZHOU Jianliang,et al.The simulation design of a positioning collimator to locate the gamma radiation source with NaI detector[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,(4):354?360.
10李忠,李东仓,张腾,等.多放射源3D搜寻定位系统设计与模拟[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,35(11):1128?1133.LI Zhong,LI Dongcang,ZHANG Teng,et al.The design and simulation of searching and locating positions systems of multiple radioactive sources[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,35(11):1128?1133.
11 Randall G L,Iglesis E,Wong H F,et al.A method of providing directionality for ionising radiation detectorsRadICAL[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2014,9(10):P10011.
12 Shirakawa Y.Developments of directional detectors with NaI(Tl)/BGO scintillators[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2004,213:255?259.
13张振朝,左国平,谭军文,等.基于三晶体耦合γ射线方向探测器的放射源定位[J].核技术,2017,40(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.100402.ZHANG Zhenchao,ZUO Guoping,TAN Junwen,et al.Locating radioactive source based on three coupledcrystals directional detector ofγrays[J].Nuclear Techniques,2017,40(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.100402.
14左国平,谭军文,周剑良,等.基于三角圆筒铅屏蔽NaI探测器的放射源定位研究[J].原子能科学技术,2017,51(3):515?521.ZUO Guoping,TAN Junwen,ZHOU Jianliang,et al.Study of radioactive source localization based on triangular cylindrical lead shield NaI detector[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2017,51(3):515?521.
2苏永杰,封有才,高惠斌,等.几起近期发生的放射源事故原因分析及管理对策建议[J].辐射防护,2007,27(4):198?204.SU Yongjie,FENG Youcai,GAO Huibin,et al.Analysis of the reasons of recently some radioactive source accidents and suggestions for management countermeasures[J].Radiation Protection,2007,27(4):198?204.
3彭建亮,陈栋梁,王晓涛,等.2009?2011年全国辐射事故调查[J].中国职业医学,2014,41(4):470?475.PENG Jianliang,CHEN Dongliang,WANG Xiaotao,et al.Investigation on national radiation accidents in China,2009?2011[J].China Occupational Medicine,2014,41(4):470?475.
4周晓剑,周启甫,王晓涛,等.南京铱-192放射源丢失事故受照人员物理剂量初步估算[J].环境与职业医学,2014,31(8):605?607.ZHOU XiaoJian,ZHOU Qifu,WANG Xiaotao,et al.Preliminary estimation of physical doses of exposed individuals in radiation accident of Nanjing iridium-192radioactive source loss[J].Journal of Environmental&Occupational Medicine,2014,31(8):605?607.
5曲云欢,周晓剑,李小丁,等.核技术利用“十三五”辐射安全规划基本思路研究[J].辐射防护,2017,(6):490?494.QU Yunhuan,ZHOU Xiaojian,LI Xiaoding,et al.Basic approach to“The 13th Five-Year Plan”on radiation safety in nuclear technology utilization[J].Radiation Protection,2017,(6):490?494.
6林权益,康玉峰,刘新华,等.青海放射源被盗事故中破损放射源的现场定值测量[J].核安全,2006,(2):26?30.LIN Quanyi,KANG Yufeng,LIU Xinhua,et al.The locale quantity measure of broken radioactive source in Qinghai province[J].Nuclear Safety,2006,(2):26?30.
7刘新华,李冰,吴德强,等.位置未知废放射源的搜寻[J].辐射防护通讯,2002,22(5):11?16.LIU Xinhua,LI Bing,WU Deqiang,et al.Search for the location-unknown spent radiation sources[J].Radiation Protection Bulletin,2002,22(5):11?16.
8 Gamage K A A,Joyce M J,Taylor G C.Investigation of three-dimensional localization of radioactive sources using a fast organic liquid scintillator detector[J].Nuclear Instruments&Methods in Physics Research,2013,707(7):123?126.
9谭军文,左国平,周剑良,等.NaI探测器搜寻γ源定位准直器模拟设计[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,(4):354?360.TAN Junwen,ZUO Guoping,ZHOU Jianliang,et al.The simulation design of a positioning collimator to locate the gamma radiation source with NaI detector[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,(4):354?360.
10李忠,李东仓,张腾,等.多放射源3D搜寻定位系统设计与模拟[J].核电子学与探测技术,2015,35(11):1128?1133.LI Zhong,LI Dongcang,ZHANG Teng,et al.The design and simulation of searching and locating positions systems of multiple radioactive sources[J].Nuclear Electronics&Detection Technology,2015,35(11):1128?1133.
11 Randall G L,Iglesis E,Wong H F,et al.A method of providing directionality for ionising radiation detectorsRadICAL[J].Journal of Instrumentation,2014,9(10):P10011.
12 Shirakawa Y.Developments of directional detectors with NaI(Tl)/BGO scintillators[J].Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B,2004,213:255?259.
13张振朝,左国平,谭军文,等.基于三晶体耦合γ射线方向探测器的放射源定位[J].核技术,2017,40(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.100402.ZHANG Zhenchao,ZUO Guoping,TAN Junwen,et al.Locating radioactive source based on three coupledcrystals directional detector ofγrays[J].Nuclear Techniques,2017,40(10):100402.DOI:10.11889/j.0253-3219.2017.hjs.40.100402.
14左国平,谭军文,周剑良,等.基于三角圆筒铅屏蔽NaI探测器的放射源定位研究[J].原子能科学技术,2017,51(3):515?521.ZUO Guoping,TAN Junwen,ZHOU Jianliang,et al.Study of radioactive source localization based on triangular cylindrical lead shield NaI detector[J].Atomic Energy Science and Technology,2017,51(3):515?521.
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