水肥一体化智能管理系统设计
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摘要
水肥一体化技术是融合自动灌溉与智能施肥为一体的农业现代化科技,该系统基于物联网远程控制技术和分布式低成本无线组网技术,通过应用分布式无线信息采集器实时采集环境及土壤墒情信息,并将数据发送到控制终端及网络服务器,由预设施肥灌溉方案决策或远程控制产生决策指令,通过施肥机精确施肥,远程控制继电器控制施肥灌溉区域。系统基于植物生长周期、时间与植物生长环境的做出控制策略,完善大规模生产基地多作物水肥管理系统的不足。试验表明:系统的水肥配比误差小于0.02 mS/cm,系统响应时间小于2 s,研究将促进低成本物联网技术和水肥精准控制技术在农业生产中的应用普及。
Integral controlof water and fertilization technology is an agricultural modernization technology that integrates automatic irrigation and intelligent fertilization. Based on the remote control technology of Internet of Things and distributed low-cost wireless networking technology, the system collects real-time environmental and soil moisture information by applying distributed wireless information collector, sends the data to control terminal and network server, generates decision instructions by decision-making or remote control of pre-facility fertilizer irrigation scheme, and controls relay control by fertilizer applicator accurately and remotely. Fertilizer irrigation area. The system makes control strategies based on plant growth cycle, time and plant growth environment, and improves the deficiencies of multi-crop water and fertilizer management system in large-scale production bases. The test shows that the system's water-fertilizer ratio error is less than 0.02 mS/cm, and the system response time is less than 2 s. The research will promote the popularization of low-income agricultural IoT equipment in agricultural production.
Integral controlof water and fertilization technology is an agricultural modernization technology that integrates automatic irrigation and intelligent fertilization. Based on the remote control technology of Internet of Things and distributed low-cost wireless networking technology, the system collects real-time environmental and soil moisture information by applying distributed wireless information collector, sends the data to control terminal and network server, generates decision instructions by decision-making or remote control of pre-facility fertilizer irrigation scheme, and controls relay control by fertilizer applicator accurately and remotely. Fertilizer irrigation area. The system makes control strategies based on plant growth cycle, time and plant growth environment, and improves the deficiencies of multi-crop water and fertilizer management system in large-scale production bases. The test shows that the system's water-fertilizer ratio error is less than 0.02 mS/cm, and the system response time is less than 2 s. The research will promote the popularization of low-income agricultural IoT equipment in agricultural production.
引文
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[18] 张丽,王彦,刘娜,等.基于水、肥、温、气系统一体化的水质改善工艺[J].中国农机化学报,2014,35(3):248-251.Zhang Li,Wang Yan,Liu Na,et al.Integration improvement process based on water,fertilizer,temperature,air quality system [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2014,35(3):248-251.
[19] 刘娜,魏正英,李胜,等.日光温室水肥温气综合利用系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(7):74-77.Liu Na,Wei Zhengying,Li Sheng,et al.Design of comprehensive utilization system of greenhouse's water,fertilizer,temperature and gas [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(7):74-77.
[20] 刘娜,魏正英,李胜,等.光电比色法速测水肥溶液中磷元素的方法及试验[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(5):74-76.Liu Na,Wei Zhengying,Li Sheng,et al.Method and experiment of quick measure of element phosphorus in the water-fertilizer solution by photoelectric colorimetry [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(5):74-76.
[2] 中国节水技术政策大纲(上)[J].资源节约与环保,2005(3):9-14.
[3] Nagaraj V.International journal of agricultural science and research [J].Applied & Environmental Microbiology,2014,63(11):4612-4616.
[4] 徐荣丽.江苏农博园灌溉施肥系统的设计开发[D].镇江:江苏大学,2015.Xu Rongli.Design and development of irrigation and fertilization system in Jiangsu Agricultural Expo Park [D].Zhenjiang:Jiangsu University,2015.
[5] Garcia-Sanchez A J,Garcia-Sanchez F,Losilla F,et al.Wireless sensor network deployment for monitoring wildlife passages [J].Sensors,2010,10(8):7236-7262.
[6] Srbinovska M,Gavrovski C,Dimcev V,et al.Environmental parameters monitoring in precision agriculture using wireless sensor networks [J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2015,88:297-307.
[7] 谢守勇,李锡文,杨叔子,等.基于PLC的模糊控制灌溉系统的研制[J].农业工程学报,2007(6):208-210.Xie Shouyong,Li Xiwen,Yang Suai,et al.Design and implementation of fuzzy control for irrigating system with PLC [J].Transactionsof the CSAE,2007,23(6):208-210.
[8] 赵常,耿爱军,张姬,等.水肥药精准管理技术研究现状与发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(11):28-33.Zhao Chang,Geng Aijun,Zhang Ji,et al.Research status and development trend of precision management technology of water and fertilizer [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(11):28-33.
[9] 赵吉红.水肥一体化技术应用中存在的问题及解决对策[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2015.Zhao Jihong.Problems and solutions in the application of water and fertilizer integration technology [D].Yangling:Northwest A & F University,2015.
[10] 宋金龙.水肥一体化通用控制设备研发[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2015.Song Jinlong.Research and development of general control equipment for water and fertilizer integration [D].Harbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2015
[11] 赵春江,郭文忠.中国水肥一体化装备的分类及方向[J].农业工程技术(温室艺),2017,37(7):101.Zhao Chunjiang,Guo Wenzhong.Classification and direction of China's water and fertilizer integrated equipment [J].Agricultural Engineering Technology(Courage Art),2017,37(7):101.
[12] 姜岩,段杰,王茂励,等.基于物联网技术的水肥一体化智能管理系统[J].现代农业科技,2018(16):279-281.Jiang Yan,DuanJie,Wang Maoli,et al.Intelligent system of water and fertilizer based on Internet of Things technology [J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2018(16):279-281.
[13] Ojha T,Misra S,Raghuwanshi N S.Wireless sensor networks for agriculture:the state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges [J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2015,118:66-84.
[14] 朱均超,张强,赵岩.基于物联网的农业大棚环境监测系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(9):76-80.Zhu Junchao,Zhang Qiang,Zhao Yan.Design of environmental monitoring system for agricultural greenhouse based on Internet of Things [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(9):76-80.
[15] 郭强,汤璐,郭佳,等.基于STM32的智能水肥一体化控制系统的设计[J].工业控制计算机,2015(4):38-39,42.Guo Qiang,Tang Lu,Guo Jia,et al.Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated control system based on STM32 [J].Industrial Control Computer,2015(4):38-42.
[16] 张尉,高星星,肖进,等.一种通用农业物联网控制器设计及其应用[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(12):183-187.Zhang Wei,Gao Xingxing,Xiao Jin,et al.Design and application of a general controller for agricultural Internet of Things [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(12):183-187.
[17] 李扬,郝明,王凯,等.基于AMESim的大田水肥一体化微喷灌系统建模与试验研究[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(6):53-60.Li Yang,Hao Ming,Wang Kai,etal.Modeling and experimental study on micro-sprinkler in integrated irrigation and fertilizer field based on AMESim [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(6):53-60.
[18] 张丽,王彦,刘娜,等.基于水、肥、温、气系统一体化的水质改善工艺[J].中国农机化学报,2014,35(3):248-251.Zhang Li,Wang Yan,Liu Na,et al.Integration improvement process based on water,fertilizer,temperature,air quality system [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2014,35(3):248-251.
[19] 刘娜,魏正英,李胜,等.日光温室水肥温气综合利用系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(7):74-77.Liu Na,Wei Zhengying,Li Sheng,et al.Design of comprehensive utilization system of greenhouse's water,fertilizer,temperature and gas [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(7):74-77.
[20] 刘娜,魏正英,李胜,等.光电比色法速测水肥溶液中磷元素的方法及试验[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(5):74-76.Liu Na,Wei Zhengying,Li Sheng,et al.Method and experiment of quick measure of element phosphorus in the water-fertilizer solution by photoelectric colorimetry [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(5):74-76.