新疆奎屯河流域高砷、高氟地下水的分布特征
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摘要
以中国大陆第一个砷中毒病区新疆奎屯地区为研究区域,测定了该地区95个水样中砷、氟的含量和主要水化学因子。结果表明:奎屯河地表水为低砷低氟水,地下水中高砷水占61.36%,高氟水占28.41%。该地区高砷高氟地下水主要分布在奎屯河流域下游的西北部和中北部。高砷、高氟岩石是奎屯河流域地下水中砷、氟的原生来源,水文地质环境和强烈的蒸发使地下水中砷和氟逐渐富集,地下水的碱性和还原环境有利于含水层中砷和氟的释放。
It was analyzed that the content of arsenic and fluorine and main chemical factors of 95 water samples in Kuitun River which was the first reported area with endemic arsenic poisoning disease identified in mainland China.The results show that the content of arsenic and fluorine were low in the surface water of Kuitun River.On the contrary,the contents of them were high in the groundwater of this area,which was 61.36% and 28.41% for arsenic and fluorine,respectively.The groundwater with high arsenic and fluorine mainly distribute in the northwest and north-central part of Kuitun River Basin.The arsenic and fluorine in ground water mainly come from strata or rock which contain highly elements of arsenic and fluorine.The hydro-geological environment and intensive evaporation gradually enriched arsenic and fluorine in the groundwater.In addition,alkaline and strong reduction environment in the groundwater were contributed to the release of arsenic and fluorine in the aquifer.
It was analyzed that the content of arsenic and fluorine and main chemical factors of 95 water samples in Kuitun River which was the first reported area with endemic arsenic poisoning disease identified in mainland China.The results show that the content of arsenic and fluorine were low in the surface water of Kuitun River.On the contrary,the contents of them were high in the groundwater of this area,which was 61.36% and 28.41% for arsenic and fluorine,respectively.The groundwater with high arsenic and fluorine mainly distribute in the northwest and north-central part of Kuitun River Basin.The arsenic and fluorine in ground water mainly come from strata or rock which contain highly elements of arsenic and fluorine.The hydro-geological environment and intensive evaporation gradually enriched arsenic and fluorine in the groundwater.In addition,alkaline and strong reduction environment in the groundwater were contributed to the release of arsenic and fluorine in the aquifer.
引文
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[26]朱巍,苏小四,唐雯,等.松嫩平原地下水中氟、砷含量及其水化学影响因素[J].南水北调与水利科技,2015,13(3):553-556.
[2]FENDORF S,MICHAEL HA,VAN GEEN A.Spatial and temporal variations of groundwater arsenic in South and Southeast Asia[J].Science,2010,328:1123-1127.
[3]刘文浩,熊永兰,郑军卫,等.基于高被引论文的国际地下水研究态势分析[J].世界科技研究与发展,2017,39(1):75-83.
[4]贾永锋,郭华明.高砷地下水研究的热点及发展趋势[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(1):51-61.
[5]刘文波.河套平原地下水化学特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2015.
[6]杨进生,李巨芬,王宇,等.大同盆地高砷、高氟水形成环境遥感影像分析[J].遥感信息,2008(3):87-91.
[7]邴智武.松嫩平原地下水氟、砷的富集规律及影响因素研究[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.
[8]罗艳丽,李晶,蒋平安,等.新疆高砷地区地下水水化学特征及其成因分析[J].干旱区资源与环境,2017,31(8):116-121.
[9]李晶,罗艳丽,余艳华.新疆奎屯垦区地下水砷-氟复合污染及成因初探[J].环境保护科学,2016,42(2):124-128.
[10]张国庆.奎屯河流域缺水期的最小需小流量及水资源调度补偿机制研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2010.
[11]葛国际.乌苏市平原区水文地质条件简析[J].地下水,2016,38(2):176-178.
[12]周宏春.干旱区准噶尔盆地西南缘地下水系统和悬河补给研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,1992.
[13]贾永锋.内蒙河套盆地西部高盐高砷地下水成因探究及反应热力学模拟[D].北京:中国地质大学,2015.
[14]国家卫生部,国家标准化管理委员会.生活饮用水卫生标准:GB 5749-2006[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2006.
[15]国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会.农田灌溉水质标准:GB5084-2005[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2005.
[16]郭华明,郭琦,贾永锋,等.中国不同区域高砷地下水化学特征及形成过程[J].地球科学与环境学报,2013,35(3):83-96.
[17]韩双宝,张福存,张徽,等.中国北方高砷地下水分布特征及成因分析[J].中国地质,2010,37(3):748-753.
[18]高存荣,冯翠娥,刘文波,等.地壳表层砷的循环与污染地下水模式[J].地球学报,2014,35(6):741-750.
[19]杨进生,李巨芬,王宇,等.大同盆地高砷、高氟水形成环境遥感影像分析[J].遥感信息,2008(3):87-91.
[20]王敬华,赵伦山,吴悦斌.山西山阴、应县一带砷中毒区砷的环境地球化学研究[J].现代地质,1998,12(2):94-99.
[21]王陷新,郭华明,阎世龙,等.浅层孔隙地下水系统环境演化及污染敏感性研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[22] MANOUCHEHR A.,KIM M.,KARIM C A.,et al.Statistical modeling of global geogenic fluoride contamination in groundwaters[J].Environmental Science & Technology,2008,42:3662-3668.
[23] NICOLLI H B,BUNDSCHUH J,GARCIA J W,et al.Sources and controls for the mobility of arsenic in oxidizing groundwater from loess-type sediments in arid/semi-arid dry climates-Evidence from the Chaco-Pam-pean plain(Argentina)[J].Water Research,2010,44:5589-5604.
[24] VINSON D S,MCLNTOSH J C,DWYER G S.Arsenic and other oxyanion-forming trace elements in an alluvial basin aquifer:Evaluating sources and mobilization by isotopic tracers(Sr,B,S,O,H,Ra)[J].Applied Geochemistry,2011,26:1364-1376.
[25]郭华明,倪萍,贾永锋,等.原生高砷地下水的类型、化学特征及成因[J].地学前缘,2014,21(4):1-12.
[26]朱巍,苏小四,唐雯,等.松嫩平原地下水中氟、砷含量及其水化学影响因素[J].南水北调与水利科技,2015,13(3):553-556.