基于文献计量的贵州喀斯特地区石漠化等级土壤养分状况分析
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摘要
明确贵州喀斯特地区不同石漠化等级土壤养分状况,为石漠化防治和生态系统恢复提供参考。收集公开发表的涉及贵州不同石漠化等级土壤养分的研究论文,对有关数据进行整理和分析。研究发现:(1)随石漠化等级增加,土壤容重不断增加,<0.001 mm黏粒含量有下降趋势,>0.05 mm砂粒含量则有增加趋势,但不同石漠化等级之间黏粒和砂粒含量均无显著差异;(2)土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、速效养分含量均表现为无石漠化(ND)>轻度石漠化(LD)>中度石漠化(MD)>重度石漠化(SD),随石漠化等级增加呈幂函数下降,衰减速度为有机质>有效磷>碱解氮>全氮>速效钾>全磷,从无石漠化到轻度石漠化演替过程土壤养分下降幅度最大;(3)土壤有机质和全氮与其他土壤理化指标之间极显著相关,且对石漠化地区土壤肥力贡献极大,可作为表征土壤-石漠化关系的敏感性土壤指示因子;(4)不同土地利用方式对石漠化地区土壤养分影响明显,土壤养分高低为林地>草地>耕地。土壤养分和地表植物群落结构与石漠化演替进程密切相关,贵州喀斯特石漠化地区增加地表覆盖度和开展有机培肥对防止土壤退化和石漠化生态恢复具有重要意义。
Soil system is an important part of karst rocky desertification system,and the deterioration of soil quality is the essence of rocky desertification,so it is necessary to clear the soil nutrient conditions under different rocky desertification grades for the control of rocky desertification and restoration of ecological system.The succession of karst rocky desertification was divided into six grades:nil,potential,slight,moderate,severe,extremely severe,only four typical grades(nil,slight,moderate,severe)were analyzed in this study.Research advances in the soil nutrients of karst rocky desertification in recent years were reviewed in this paper.Based on papers published,the current research progress on soil nutrient status of different rocky desertification grades in Guizhou were summarized and analyzed.It was discovered that,1)with the deterioration of rocky desertification,soil bulk density and soil sand(>0.05 mm)content increased while soil clay(<0.001 mm)content decreased,but there was no significant difference in clay content and sand content between different grades of rocky desertification.2)Content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen(N),total phosphorus(P)and available nutrients all showed as nil rocky desertification(ND)>slight rocky desertification(LD)>moderate rocky desertification(MD)>severe rocky desertification(SD),and those soil nutrients content decreased by power function with the increase of rocky desertification grade,and the order of decay rate was ranked as organic matter>available P>alkaline hydrolysis N>total N>available K> total P,soil nutrients decreased most quickly from ND to LD.3)Organic matter and total N content were remarkable correlation with other factors of soil physical-chemical properties,and contribute greatly to soil fertility in rocky desertification areas,could be used as sensitivity indicators of the relationship between soil and rocky desertification.4)The effects of land use type on soil nutrients in karst rocky desertification region were obvious,the contents of soil organic matter and total N under different land use type both listed in the order of forest land>grass land> agricultural land.The structure of surface plant community and soil nutrients are closely related to the succession process of rocky desertification,so increasing vegetation coverage and developing organic fertilization are important for controlling rocky desertification and ecological recovery in karst rocky desertification region of Guizhou.
Soil system is an important part of karst rocky desertification system,and the deterioration of soil quality is the essence of rocky desertification,so it is necessary to clear the soil nutrient conditions under different rocky desertification grades for the control of rocky desertification and restoration of ecological system.The succession of karst rocky desertification was divided into six grades:nil,potential,slight,moderate,severe,extremely severe,only four typical grades(nil,slight,moderate,severe)were analyzed in this study.Research advances in the soil nutrients of karst rocky desertification in recent years were reviewed in this paper.Based on papers published,the current research progress on soil nutrient status of different rocky desertification grades in Guizhou were summarized and analyzed.It was discovered that,1)with the deterioration of rocky desertification,soil bulk density and soil sand(>0.05 mm)content increased while soil clay(<0.001 mm)content decreased,but there was no significant difference in clay content and sand content between different grades of rocky desertification.2)Content of soil organic matter,total nitrogen(N),total phosphorus(P)and available nutrients all showed as nil rocky desertification(ND)>slight rocky desertification(LD)>moderate rocky desertification(MD)>severe rocky desertification(SD),and those soil nutrients content decreased by power function with the increase of rocky desertification grade,and the order of decay rate was ranked as organic matter>available P>alkaline hydrolysis N>total N>available K> total P,soil nutrients decreased most quickly from ND to LD.3)Organic matter and total N content were remarkable correlation with other factors of soil physical-chemical properties,and contribute greatly to soil fertility in rocky desertification areas,could be used as sensitivity indicators of the relationship between soil and rocky desertification.4)The effects of land use type on soil nutrients in karst rocky desertification region were obvious,the contents of soil organic matter and total N under different land use type both listed in the order of forest land>grass land> agricultural land.The structure of surface plant community and soil nutrients are closely related to the succession process of rocky desertification,so increasing vegetation coverage and developing organic fertilization are important for controlling rocky desertification and ecological recovery in karst rocky desertification region of Guizhou.
引文
[1]王世杰,李阳兵,李瑞玲.喀斯特石漠化的形成背景、演化与治理[J].第四纪研究,2003,23(6):657-666.
[2]景宜然,邓湘雯,邓东华,等.湘西南不同石漠化程度土壤理化性质及相关性分析[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):189-195.
[3]苏维词,朱文孝.贵州喀斯特生态脆弱区农业可持续发展的内涵与构想[J].经济地理,2000,(5):75-79.
[4]王世杰.喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(2):31-35.
[5]蓝安军,熊康宁,安裕伦.喀斯特石漠化的驱动因子分析-以贵州省为例[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(6):19-23.
[6]张信宝,王世杰,白晓永,等.贵州石漠化空间分布与喀斯特地貌、岩性、降水和人口密度的关系[J].地球与环境,2013,41(1):1-6.
[7]李瑞玲,王世杰,周德全,等.贵州岩溶地区岩性与土地石漠化的相关分析[J].地理学报,2003,58(2):314-320.
[8]Zhang P P,Hu Y M,Xiao D N,et al.Rocky desertification risk zone delineation in karst plateau area:a case study in Puding county,Guizhou province[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2010,20(1):84-90.
[9]苏维词,朱文孝,滕建珍.喀斯特峡谷石漠化地区生态重建模式及其效应[J].生态环境学报,2004,13(1):57-60.
[10]苏维词.中国西南岩溶山区石漠化的现状成因及治理的优化模式[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(2):29-32,79.
[11]熊康宁,陈起伟.基于生态综合治理的石漠化演变规律与趋势讨论[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(3):267-273.
[12]胡培雷,王克林,曾昭霞,等.喀斯特石漠化地区不同退耕年限下桂牧1号杂交象草植物-土壤-微生物生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(3):896-905.
[13]汪明冲,张新长,李辉霞,等.喀斯特石漠化生态恢复过程中土壤质量变化分析—以古周生态恢复重建区为例[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(6):947-955.
[14]Jiang Y J,Yuan D X,Zhang C,et al.The impact of land use on soil properties in a karst agricultural region of Southwest China:a case study of Xiaojiang watershed,Yunnan[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,50(1):69-77.
[15]Zhang P,Li L,Pan G,et al.Soil quality changes in land degradation as indicated by soil chemical,biochemical and microbiological properties in a karst area of southwest Guizhou,China[J].Environmental Geology,2006,51(4):609-619.
[16]Tang Y,Li J,Zhang X H,et al.Fractal characteristics and stability of soil aggregates in karst rocky desertification areas[J].Natural Hazards,2013,65(1):563-579.
[17]Li S,Birk S,Xue L,et al.Seasonal changes in the soil moisture distribution around bare rock outcrops within a karst rocky desertification area(Fuyuan County,Yunnan Province,China)[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(23):1482.
[18]熊康宁,黎平,周忠发.喀斯特石漠化的遥感:GIS典型研究:以贵州省为例[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[19]谭克均.贵州喀斯特石漠化地区旱耕地土壤性状特征研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2009.
[20]罗海波.喀斯特石漠化过程中土壤质量变化研究—以贵州花江峡谷为例[D].重庆:西南大学,2006.
[21]彭琴,林昌虎,何腾兵.贵州省喀斯特山区不同石漠化等级土壤粒级特征研究[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(2):29-45.
[22]龙健,廖洪凯,李娟,等.基于冗余分析的典型喀斯特山区土壤-石漠化关系研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2131-2138.
[23]盛茂银,刘洋,熊康宁.中国南方喀斯特石漠化演替过程中土壤理化性质的响应[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6303-6313.
[24]颜萍,熊康宁,王恒松,等.喀斯特地区不同等级石漠化土壤的理化性质[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(3):322-327.
[25]卢红梅,王世杰.喀斯特石漠化过程对土壤活性有机碳的影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(1):12-17.
[26]康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.南亚热带不同植被恢复模式下土壤理化性质[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(10):2479-2486.
[27]罗光杰,李阳兵,王世杰,等.岩溶山区景观多样性变化的生态学意义对比—以贵州四个典型地区为例[J].生态学报,2011,31(14):3882-3889.
[28]王霖娇,盛茂银,杜家颖,等.西南喀斯特石漠化生态系统土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2017,37(4):1358-1365.
[29]赵朝辉.湘西南石漠化治理模式对土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2012.
[30]刘成刚,薛建辉.喀斯特石漠化山地不同类型人工林土壤的基本性质和综合评价[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(10):1050-1060.
[31]宋同清,彭晚霞,曾馥平,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地退耕还林还草的土壤生态效应[J].土壤学报,2011,48(6):1219-1226.
[32]周涛,戴全厚,吴秀芹,等.喀斯特山区退耕还林地土壤养分效应及评价[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):71-74.
[33]刘方,王世杰,刘元生,等.喀斯特石漠化过程土壤质量变化及生态环境影响评价[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):639-644.
[34]王霖娇,李瑞,盛茂银.典型喀斯特石漠化生态系统土壤有机碳时空分布格局及其与环境的相关性[J].生态学报,2017,37(5):1367-1378.
[35]探索实行耕地轮作休耕制度试点方案[N].人民日报,2016-06-30(11).
[36]黄国勤,赵其国.轮作休耕问题探讨[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(2):357-362.
[37]谢瑞芝,李少昆,金亚征,等.中国保护性耕作试验研究的产量效应分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(2):397-404.
[38]武均,蔡立群,罗珠珠,等.保护性耕作对陇中黄土高原雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):112-117.
[39]薛建福,赵鑫,Shadrack B D,等.保护性耕作对农田碳、氮效应的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6006-6013.
[40]Gil S V,Meriles J,Conforto C,et al.Response of soil microbial communities to different management practices in surface soils of a soybean agroecosystem in Argentina[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2011,47(1):55-60.
[41]王晓燕,高焕文,李洪文,等.保护性耕作对农田地表径流与土壤水蚀影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(3):66-69.
[2]景宜然,邓湘雯,邓东华,等.湘西南不同石漠化程度土壤理化性质及相关性分析[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):189-195.
[3]苏维词,朱文孝.贵州喀斯特生态脆弱区农业可持续发展的内涵与构想[J].经济地理,2000,(5):75-79.
[4]王世杰.喀斯特石漠化概念演绎及其科学内涵的探讨[J].中国岩溶,2002,21(2):31-35.
[5]蓝安军,熊康宁,安裕伦.喀斯特石漠化的驱动因子分析-以贵州省为例[J].水土保持通报,2001,21(6):19-23.
[6]张信宝,王世杰,白晓永,等.贵州石漠化空间分布与喀斯特地貌、岩性、降水和人口密度的关系[J].地球与环境,2013,41(1):1-6.
[7]李瑞玲,王世杰,周德全,等.贵州岩溶地区岩性与土地石漠化的相关分析[J].地理学报,2003,58(2):314-320.
[8]Zhang P P,Hu Y M,Xiao D N,et al.Rocky desertification risk zone delineation in karst plateau area:a case study in Puding county,Guizhou province[J].Chinese Geographical Science,2010,20(1):84-90.
[9]苏维词,朱文孝,滕建珍.喀斯特峡谷石漠化地区生态重建模式及其效应[J].生态环境学报,2004,13(1):57-60.
[10]苏维词.中国西南岩溶山区石漠化的现状成因及治理的优化模式[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(2):29-32,79.
[11]熊康宁,陈起伟.基于生态综合治理的石漠化演变规律与趋势讨论[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(3):267-273.
[12]胡培雷,王克林,曾昭霞,等.喀斯特石漠化地区不同退耕年限下桂牧1号杂交象草植物-土壤-微生物生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(3):896-905.
[13]汪明冲,张新长,李辉霞,等.喀斯特石漠化生态恢复过程中土壤质量变化分析—以古周生态恢复重建区为例[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(6):947-955.
[14]Jiang Y J,Yuan D X,Zhang C,et al.The impact of land use on soil properties in a karst agricultural region of Southwest China:a case study of Xiaojiang watershed,Yunnan[J].Journal of Geographical Sciences,2006,50(1):69-77.
[15]Zhang P,Li L,Pan G,et al.Soil quality changes in land degradation as indicated by soil chemical,biochemical and microbiological properties in a karst area of southwest Guizhou,China[J].Environmental Geology,2006,51(4):609-619.
[16]Tang Y,Li J,Zhang X H,et al.Fractal characteristics and stability of soil aggregates in karst rocky desertification areas[J].Natural Hazards,2013,65(1):563-579.
[17]Li S,Birk S,Xue L,et al.Seasonal changes in the soil moisture distribution around bare rock outcrops within a karst rocky desertification area(Fuyuan County,Yunnan Province,China)[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2016,75(23):1482.
[18]熊康宁,黎平,周忠发.喀斯特石漠化的遥感:GIS典型研究:以贵州省为例[M].北京:地质出版社,2002.
[19]谭克均.贵州喀斯特石漠化地区旱耕地土壤性状特征研究[D].贵阳:贵州大学,2009.
[20]罗海波.喀斯特石漠化过程中土壤质量变化研究—以贵州花江峡谷为例[D].重庆:西南大学,2006.
[21]彭琴,林昌虎,何腾兵.贵州省喀斯特山区不同石漠化等级土壤粒级特征研究[J].水土保持通报,2007,27(2):29-45.
[22]龙健,廖洪凯,李娟,等.基于冗余分析的典型喀斯特山区土壤-石漠化关系研究[J].环境科学,2012,33(6):2131-2138.
[23]盛茂银,刘洋,熊康宁.中国南方喀斯特石漠化演替过程中土壤理化性质的响应[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6303-6313.
[24]颜萍,熊康宁,王恒松,等.喀斯特地区不同等级石漠化土壤的理化性质[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(3):322-327.
[25]卢红梅,王世杰.喀斯特石漠化过程对土壤活性有机碳的影响[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(1):12-17.
[26]康冰,刘世荣,蔡道雄,等.南亚热带不同植被恢复模式下土壤理化性质[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(10):2479-2486.
[27]罗光杰,李阳兵,王世杰,等.岩溶山区景观多样性变化的生态学意义对比—以贵州四个典型地区为例[J].生态学报,2011,31(14):3882-3889.
[28]王霖娇,盛茂银,杜家颖,等.西南喀斯特石漠化生态系统土壤有机碳分布特征及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2017,37(4):1358-1365.
[29]赵朝辉.湘西南石漠化治理模式对土壤微生物量和酶活性的影响[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2012.
[30]刘成刚,薛建辉.喀斯特石漠化山地不同类型人工林土壤的基本性质和综合评价[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(10):1050-1060.
[31]宋同清,彭晚霞,曾馥平,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地退耕还林还草的土壤生态效应[J].土壤学报,2011,48(6):1219-1226.
[32]周涛,戴全厚,吴秀芹,等.喀斯特山区退耕还林地土壤养分效应及评价[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):71-74.
[33]刘方,王世杰,刘元生,等.喀斯特石漠化过程土壤质量变化及生态环境影响评价[J].生态学报,2005,25(3):639-644.
[34]王霖娇,李瑞,盛茂银.典型喀斯特石漠化生态系统土壤有机碳时空分布格局及其与环境的相关性[J].生态学报,2017,37(5):1367-1378.
[35]探索实行耕地轮作休耕制度试点方案[N].人民日报,2016-06-30(11).
[36]黄国勤,赵其国.轮作休耕问题探讨[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(2):357-362.
[37]谢瑞芝,李少昆,金亚征,等.中国保护性耕作试验研究的产量效应分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(2):397-404.
[38]武均,蔡立群,罗珠珠,等.保护性耕作对陇中黄土高原雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):112-117.
[39]薛建福,赵鑫,Shadrack B D,等.保护性耕作对农田碳、氮效应的影响研究进展[J].生态学报,2013,33(19):6006-6013.
[40]Gil S V,Meriles J,Conforto C,et al.Response of soil microbial communities to different management practices in surface soils of a soybean agroecosystem in Argentina[J].European Journal of Soil Biology,2011,47(1):55-60.
[41]王晓燕,高焕文,李洪文,等.保护性耕作对农田地表径流与土壤水蚀影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2000,16(3):66-69.