嘉丰优2号新组合高产高效氮磷钾肥料配比试验
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摘要
为了探索单季杂交晚稻新组合嘉丰优2号在浙江台州的高产高效栽培技术,采用"3414"试验设计开展了嘉丰优2号新组合氮、磷、钾肥料效应试验。结果表明,嘉丰优2号实际单产在无肥区(处理1)和无氮区(处理2)无显著差异(P>0.05),二者均显著低于其他处理(P<0.05),其他处理间差异均不显著(P>0.05),其中以氮、磷、钾均为2水平(202.5—90.0—150.0 kg·hm~(-2))的处理6产量最高,较无氮区(处理2)、无磷区(处理4)、无钾区(处理8)分别高31.73%、6.34%和6.43%说明氢肥对产量的效应高于磷、钾肥;相关分析表明,实际产量与有效穗数极显著正相关(P<0.01),而与每穗实粒数和结实率显著负相关(P<0.05);从高产高效要求出发,综合氮、磷、钾肥料效益模型和生产实际,嘉丰优2号在当地作单晚种植的N、P_2O_5、K_2O用量分别以201.0～210.0 kg·hm~(-2)、90.0～97.5 kg·hm~(-2)、112.5～120.0 kg·hm~(-2)为宜。
In order to explore the high productive and efficient cultivation technology of Jiafengyou No.2 new combination for single late planting in Taizhou, Zhejiang province, the experiment was conducted with "3414" design to study the effects of N, P, K fertilizers on Jiafengyou No.2. The results showed that the yield of Jiafengyou No. 2 had no significant difference between no fertilizer and no N fertilizer treatment(P>0.05), but the two treatments were significant lower than the other treatments(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among the other treatments(P>0.05); the treatment of the 2 ndlevel(N 202.5 kg·hm~(-2), P 90.0 kg·hm~(-2), K 150.0 kg·hm~(-2))had the highest yield, which the yield was 31.73%, 6.34% and 6.43% higher than the treatments of no N fertilizer, no P fertilizer, and no K fertilizer, respectively. The correlation analysis indicated that the yield had significantly positive relationship with effective panicle(P<0.01), but significantly negative related with filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate(P<0.05). According to N, P, K fertilizer benefit model combine with the actual production, the optimum application amounts of N, P_2O_5 and K_2O for Jiafengyou No.2 single late planting should be 201.0～210.0 kg·hm~(-2), 90.0～97.5 kg·hm~(-2), 112.5～120.0 kg·hm~(-2), respectively.
In order to explore the high productive and efficient cultivation technology of Jiafengyou No.2 new combination for single late planting in Taizhou, Zhejiang province, the experiment was conducted with "3414" design to study the effects of N, P, K fertilizers on Jiafengyou No.2. The results showed that the yield of Jiafengyou No. 2 had no significant difference between no fertilizer and no N fertilizer treatment(P>0.05), but the two treatments were significant lower than the other treatments(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference among the other treatments(P>0.05); the treatment of the 2 ndlevel(N 202.5 kg·hm~(-2), P 90.0 kg·hm~(-2), K 150.0 kg·hm~(-2))had the highest yield, which the yield was 31.73%, 6.34% and 6.43% higher than the treatments of no N fertilizer, no P fertilizer, and no K fertilizer, respectively. The correlation analysis indicated that the yield had significantly positive relationship with effective panicle(P<0.01), but significantly negative related with filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate(P<0.05). According to N, P, K fertilizer benefit model combine with the actual production, the optimum application amounts of N, P_2O_5 and K_2O for Jiafengyou No.2 single late planting should be 201.0～210.0 kg·hm~(-2), 90.0～97.5 kg·hm~(-2), 112.5～120.0 kg·hm~(-2), respectively.
引文
[1]王伟妮,鲁剑巍,何予卿.氮、磷、钾肥对水稻产量、品质及养分吸收从利用的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2011,25(6):645-653.
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[7]熊汉锋,熊又升,张国斌,等.基于“3414”模型对甜玉米氮磷钾效应的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2018(2):41-44.
[8]郑加兴,王兵伟,覃永嫒,等.基于“3414”试验的玉米杂交种桂单162优化施肥方案[J].南方农业学报,2016(10):1688-1692.
[9]闫振华,赵树琪,张华崇,等.棉花品种冈0996在鄂东植棉区的3414肥料效应研究[J].棉花科学,2018(2):14-20.
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[11]鲁燕.利用“3414”实验进行油菜测土配方试验研究[J].中国果菜,2017(2):32-36.
[12]陈小虎,文明辉,刘青桂,等.利用大样本“3414”试验数据建立油菜施肥数学模型[J].作物研究,2016(5):535-538,543.
[13]黄立强,王必武,吴惠生.芋“3414”肥效试验与配方施肥推荐研究初报[J].湖北农业科学,2017(16):3034-3036.
[14]赵永彬,屈为栋,陈银龙,等.仙居红芋“3414”肥效试验[J].浙江农业科学,2018(1):24-25,27.
[15]陈永伟,马文礼,张战胜,等.宁夏贺兰山东麓马铃薯“3414”田间肥效试验研究[J].宁夏农林科技2017(4):30-34.
[16]李明福,李鹏林,朱艳娇.马铃薯“3414”配方施肥效应试验研究[J].陕西农业科学,2017(12):42-46,85.
[17]李莉,胡胜友,施宗根.小麦“3414”肥料效应试验[J].农技服务,2016(6):105-105,96.
[18]彭丝珊.甘薯“3414”肥效试验[J].福建农业科技,2016(2):12-14.
[19]陈锋.新昌本地甘薯“3414”肥效试验初报[J].浙江农业科学,2016(4):474-475.
[20]汪恩国,蔡建军,刘伟明.‘绿雄90’西兰花花球生长动态与N、P、K养分需求效应研究[J].农学学报,2016(3):33-39.
[21]蔡建军,汪恩国,刘伟明.“优秀”西兰花对N、P、K养分需求效应的研究[J].蔬菜,2016(2):19-24
[22]王士磊,丁正权,黄海祥.籼粳杂交稻新组合嘉丰优2号的选育与应用[J].杂交水稻,2018,33(6):24-26.
[23]王圣瑞,陈新平,高祥照,等.“3414”肥料试验模型拟合的探讨[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(4):409-413.
[24]许桂玲,纪洪亭,潘剑,等.水稻考种方法探析[J].中国农技推广,2012,28(6):24-26.
[25]冶军,候振安,马丽,等.氮磷肥料与水稻产量性状关系的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(10):4446-4447,4587.
[26]刘伟明.籼粳亚种间杂交水稻甬优12产量性状的相关及通径分析[J].农学学报,2012,2(10:):1-4.
[27]刘伟明.杂交晚粳组合甬优8号高产栽培技术途径分析[J].杂交水稻,2013,28(2):40-42.
[28]LIU W M. Analysis of high yield and efficiency technique in hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No.1[J]. Agricultural science&technology,2009,10(2):73-76,96.
[29]潘伯仁,董良清,刘伟明,等.温黄平原连晚汕优6号生产函数模型研究[J].浙江农业大学学报,1986,12(4):376-384.
[30]刘伟明,丁正育.回归旋转设计在农艺优化试验中的应用[J].应用概率统计,1987,3(3):274-275.
[31]刘伟明,丁正育.回归设计在水稻肥料试验中的应用[J].应用概率统计,1988,4(4):349-352.
[32]刘伟明,叶安民.春玉米+春大豆间作复合群体结构的优化[J].浙江农业学报,2004,16(3):131-135.
[33]刘伟明.回归设计在作物间作技术研究中的应用[J].数理统计与管理,2005,25(5):1-5.
[34]刘伟明,奚天位,朱丹华,等.浙秋豆3号综合农艺的优化[J].科技通报,2007,23(3):382-384.
[35]LIU W M,BAO Z D. Modeling and optimization of agronomic factors influencing yield and profit of a single-cropping rice cultivar[C]//Beijing:computer and computing technologies in agriculture IX:9thIFIP WG 5.14 international conference, CCTA2015, DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-48357-3_54, 2016.
[36]杨德.试验设计与分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:252-255.
[2]马坤伟,徐栋,吴正利,等.水稻“3414”肥料效应田间试验效果分析[J].耕作与栽培,2018(1):39-40,64.
[3]龙笛笛,吕烈武,黄顺坚,等.海南琼海地区水稻氮磷钾“3414”肥效研究[J].热带作物学报,2016(7):1271-1277.
[4]金昆,曾德志,李慧,等.大安区水稻“3414”肥料效应研究[J].中国农学通报,2015(21):1-8.
[5]黄琮斌,李秀平,李荣喜,等.“3414”氮磷钾肥配比对甘蔗农艺性状的影响[J].中国糖料,2018(1):5-7.
[6]李秀平,黄琮斌,李荣喜,等.利用“3414”实验设计进行甘蔗产量和品质研究[J].热带农业科学,2018(1):17-21.
[7]熊汉锋,熊又升,张国斌,等.基于“3414”模型对甜玉米氮磷钾效应的研究[J].湖北农业科学,2018(2):41-44.
[8]郑加兴,王兵伟,覃永嫒,等.基于“3414”试验的玉米杂交种桂单162优化施肥方案[J].南方农业学报,2016(10):1688-1692.
[9]闫振华,赵树琪,张华崇,等.棉花品种冈0996在鄂东植棉区的3414肥料效应研究[J].棉花科学,2018(2):14-20.
[10]孙道苗.油菜“3414”肥料效应试验研究[J].安徽农业科学,2017(20):37-39.
[11]鲁燕.利用“3414”实验进行油菜测土配方试验研究[J].中国果菜,2017(2):32-36.
[12]陈小虎,文明辉,刘青桂,等.利用大样本“3414”试验数据建立油菜施肥数学模型[J].作物研究,2016(5):535-538,543.
[13]黄立强,王必武,吴惠生.芋“3414”肥效试验与配方施肥推荐研究初报[J].湖北农业科学,2017(16):3034-3036.
[14]赵永彬,屈为栋,陈银龙,等.仙居红芋“3414”肥效试验[J].浙江农业科学,2018(1):24-25,27.
[15]陈永伟,马文礼,张战胜,等.宁夏贺兰山东麓马铃薯“3414”田间肥效试验研究[J].宁夏农林科技2017(4):30-34.
[16]李明福,李鹏林,朱艳娇.马铃薯“3414”配方施肥效应试验研究[J].陕西农业科学,2017(12):42-46,85.
[17]李莉,胡胜友,施宗根.小麦“3414”肥料效应试验[J].农技服务,2016(6):105-105,96.
[18]彭丝珊.甘薯“3414”肥效试验[J].福建农业科技,2016(2):12-14.
[19]陈锋.新昌本地甘薯“3414”肥效试验初报[J].浙江农业科学,2016(4):474-475.
[20]汪恩国,蔡建军,刘伟明.‘绿雄90’西兰花花球生长动态与N、P、K养分需求效应研究[J].农学学报,2016(3):33-39.
[21]蔡建军,汪恩国,刘伟明.“优秀”西兰花对N、P、K养分需求效应的研究[J].蔬菜,2016(2):19-24
[22]王士磊,丁正权,黄海祥.籼粳杂交稻新组合嘉丰优2号的选育与应用[J].杂交水稻,2018,33(6):24-26.
[23]王圣瑞,陈新平,高祥照,等.“3414”肥料试验模型拟合的探讨[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2002,8(4):409-413.
[24]许桂玲,纪洪亭,潘剑,等.水稻考种方法探析[J].中国农技推广,2012,28(6):24-26.
[25]冶军,候振安,马丽,等.氮磷肥料与水稻产量性状关系的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2009,37(10):4446-4447,4587.
[26]刘伟明.籼粳亚种间杂交水稻甬优12产量性状的相关及通径分析[J].农学学报,2012,2(10:):1-4.
[27]刘伟明.杂交晚粳组合甬优8号高产栽培技术途径分析[J].杂交水稻,2013,28(2):40-42.
[28]LIU W M. Analysis of high yield and efficiency technique in hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No.1[J]. Agricultural science&technology,2009,10(2):73-76,96.
[29]潘伯仁,董良清,刘伟明,等.温黄平原连晚汕优6号生产函数模型研究[J].浙江农业大学学报,1986,12(4):376-384.
[30]刘伟明,丁正育.回归旋转设计在农艺优化试验中的应用[J].应用概率统计,1987,3(3):274-275.
[31]刘伟明,丁正育.回归设计在水稻肥料试验中的应用[J].应用概率统计,1988,4(4):349-352.
[32]刘伟明,叶安民.春玉米+春大豆间作复合群体结构的优化[J].浙江农业学报,2004,16(3):131-135.
[33]刘伟明.回归设计在作物间作技术研究中的应用[J].数理统计与管理,2005,25(5):1-5.
[34]刘伟明,奚天位,朱丹华,等.浙秋豆3号综合农艺的优化[J].科技通报,2007,23(3):382-384.
[35]LIU W M,BAO Z D. Modeling and optimization of agronomic factors influencing yield and profit of a single-cropping rice cultivar[C]//Beijing:computer and computing technologies in agriculture IX:9thIFIP WG 5.14 international conference, CCTA2015, DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-48357-3_54, 2016.
[36]杨德.试验设计与分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2002:252-255.