连作植烟土壤酚酸类物质变化特征及其与主要环境因子的Mantel Test分析
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摘要
为明确酚酸类物质在连作植烟土壤中的变化特征,探讨土壤主要环境因子对酚酸类物质的影响,以不同连作年限(4 a, 6 a, 8 a, 14 a和16 a)植烟土壤为对象,研究了不同连作年限植烟土壤酚酸类物质、理化性状、酶活性和细菌多样性的变化特征,并利用MantelTest分析了酚酸类物质与土壤主要环境因子的相关性。结果表明,随连作年限增加,土壤酚酸类物质和速效钾含量升高, pH、有机质含量、细菌菌群丰度和多样性降低,水解性氮和有效磷含量呈先降低后升高趋势,酶活性呈先升高后降低趋势。Mantel Test分析表明,土壤酚酸类物质含量与理化性状、酶活性和细菌丰度显著相关,且与理化性状相关性最高;不同酚酸类物质含量与土壤主要环境因子相关性存在差异,其中,对羟基苯甲酸和阔马酸与植烟土壤理化性状、酶活性以及细菌丰度的相关性最高。因此,在本试验条件下,连作植烟土壤酚酸类物质具有明显积累特征,植烟土壤环境恶化;酚酸类物质积累受理化性状、酶活性和细菌多样性影响,且理化性状影响最大;不同酚酸类物质受主要土壤环境因子的影响存在差异,其中对羟基苯甲酸和阔马酸积累所受影响最大。
Flue-cured tobacco is a crop sensitive to continuous cropping. Continuous cropping over the long-term has seriously affected growth and production quality of flue-cured tobacco by affecting the soil environment. Phenolic acids can cause growth disorders under continuous cropping. Although the interaction between phenolic acids and other environmental factors after entering the soil environment has not much been investigated, it is clear that phenolic acids occur in soils under continuous tobacco cropping. The action process and the role in limiting continuous cropping are critical for successful tobacco cultivation. An experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between phenolic acids and soil environmental factors in the soil by analyzing the correlation between various environmental factors and phenolic acids in soil. The purpose was to identify the environmental factors affecting the concentration of phenolic acids in soils under continuous cropping systems. Soils of four tobacco fields with different durations of continuous cropping(4 a, 6 a, 8 a, 14 a and 16 a) were sampled. The changes in phenolic acids, physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities and bacterial diversities in soils under different continuous cropping years of tobacco were investigaed. The correlation between phenolic acids and soil environmental factors was analyzed using the Mantel Test. The results showed that long-term continuous cropping of tobacco resulted in an increase in soil phenolic acids content. Higher pH of soil under tobacco continuous cropping resulted in low soil organic matter content, but increased available potassium. The activities of catalase, urease acid phosphatase, and invertase first increased and then later decreased. When continuous cropping for less than 6 years, bacterial community structure changed little. However, bacterial community structure changed significantly after 8 years of continuous cropping. In general, continuous cropping changed bacterial community structure and reduced community diversity. Mantel Test analysis showed that phenolic acid content was significantly correlated with enzymes activities and physical and chemical properties of soil. Bacterial abundance had the highest correlation with soil physical and chemical properties. There were differences in correlation between different phenolic acids and soil environmental factors. P-hydroxybenzoic acid and phoronic acid had the highest correlation with physical and chemical properties of soil, enzyme activity and bacterial abundance in soils. Therefore, phenolic acids in soils under continuous tobacco cropping obviously accumulated over time with deteriorated soil environment. The accumulation of phenolic acids was affected by soil physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. P-hydroxybenzoic acid and tartaric acid were two kind phenolic acids most affected.
Flue-cured tobacco is a crop sensitive to continuous cropping. Continuous cropping over the long-term has seriously affected growth and production quality of flue-cured tobacco by affecting the soil environment. Phenolic acids can cause growth disorders under continuous cropping. Although the interaction between phenolic acids and other environmental factors after entering the soil environment has not much been investigated, it is clear that phenolic acids occur in soils under continuous tobacco cropping. The action process and the role in limiting continuous cropping are critical for successful tobacco cultivation. An experiment was conducted to determine the relationship between phenolic acids and soil environmental factors in the soil by analyzing the correlation between various environmental factors and phenolic acids in soil. The purpose was to identify the environmental factors affecting the concentration of phenolic acids in soils under continuous cropping systems. Soils of four tobacco fields with different durations of continuous cropping(4 a, 6 a, 8 a, 14 a and 16 a) were sampled. The changes in phenolic acids, physical and chemical properties,enzyme activities and bacterial diversities in soils under different continuous cropping years of tobacco were investigaed. The correlation between phenolic acids and soil environmental factors was analyzed using the Mantel Test. The results showed that long-term continuous cropping of tobacco resulted in an increase in soil phenolic acids content. Higher pH of soil under tobacco continuous cropping resulted in low soil organic matter content, but increased available potassium. The activities of catalase, urease acid phosphatase, and invertase first increased and then later decreased. When continuous cropping for less than 6 years, bacterial community structure changed little. However, bacterial community structure changed significantly after 8 years of continuous cropping. In general, continuous cropping changed bacterial community structure and reduced community diversity. Mantel Test analysis showed that phenolic acid content was significantly correlated with enzymes activities and physical and chemical properties of soil. Bacterial abundance had the highest correlation with soil physical and chemical properties. There were differences in correlation between different phenolic acids and soil environmental factors. P-hydroxybenzoic acid and phoronic acid had the highest correlation with physical and chemical properties of soil, enzyme activity and bacterial abundance in soils. Therefore, phenolic acids in soils under continuous tobacco cropping obviously accumulated over time with deteriorated soil environment. The accumulation of phenolic acids was affected by soil physical, chemical and biological properties of soil. P-hydroxybenzoic acid and tartaric acid were two kind phenolic acids most affected.
引文
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[2]张继光,申国明,张久权,等.烟草连作障碍研究进展[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(3):95-99ZHANG J G,SHEN G M,ZHANG J Q,et al.Advance in continuous cropping problems of tobacco[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2011,32(3):95-99
[3]康亚龙,景峰,孙文庆,等.加工番茄连作对土壤理化性状及微生物量的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(2):533-542KANG Y L,JING F,SUN W Q,et al.Effects of continuous cropping of processing tomato on physical-chemical properties of and microbial biomass in the soil[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(2):533-542
[4]妙佳源,李夏,周达,等.连作对谷子土壤酶活性及养分的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(3):123-126MIAO J Y,LI X,ZHOU D,et al.Effects of foxtail millet continuous cropping on soil enzyme activities and nutrients[J].Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas,2016,34(3):123-126
[5]宋旭红,谭均,潘媛,等.连作对玄参产量和根际土壤肥力及酶活性的影响[J].中药材,2017,40(6):1243-1248SONG X H,TAN J,PAN Y,et al.Effect of continuous monoculture of Scrophularia ningpoensis on yield,rhizophere soil fertility and enzyme activities[J].Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials,2017,40(6):1243-1248
[6]TAN Y,CUI Y S,LI H Y,et al.Diversity and composition of rhizospheric soil and root endogenous bacteria in Panax notoginseng during continuous cropping practices[J].Journal of Basic Microbiology,2017,57(4):337-344
[7]王娟英,许佳慧,吴林坤,等.不同连作年限怀牛膝根际土壤理化性质及微生物多样性[J].生态学报,2017,37(17):5621-5629WANG J Y,XU J H,WU L K,et al.Analysis of physicochemical properties and microbial diversity in rhizosphere soil of Achyranthes bidentata under different cropping years[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(17):5621-5629
[8]BHAT R G,SCHMIDT L S,BROWNE G T.Quantification of Cylindrocarpon sp.in roots of almond and peach trees from orchards affected by Prunus replant disease[J].Phytopathology,2011,101:S15
[9]CHEN S L,ZHOU B L,LIN S S,et al.Accumulation of cinnamic acid and vanillin in eggplant root exudates and the relationship with continuous cropping obstacle[J].African Journal of Biotechnology,2011,10(14):2659-2665
[10]XIAO C L,ZHENG J H,ZOU L Y,et al.Autotoxic effects of root exudates of soybean[J].Allelopathy Journal,2006,18(1):121-127
[11]VáZQUEZ G,FONTENLA E,SANTOS J,et al.Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of chestnut(Castanea sativa)shell and eucalyptus(Eucalyptus globulus)bark extracts[J].Industrial Crops and Products,2008,28(3):279-285
[12]YU J Q,MATSUI Y.Effects of root exudates of cucumber(Cucumis sativus)and allelochemicals on ion uptake by cucumber seedlings[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,1997,23(3):817-827
[13]YE S F,YU J Q,PENG Y H,et al.Incidence of Fusarium wilt in Cucumis sativus L.is promoted by cinnamic acid,an autotoxin in root exudates[J].Plant and Soil,2004,263(1):143-150
[14]SCHUTTER M,SANDENO J,DICK R.Seasonal,soil type,and alternative management influences on microbial communities of vegetable cropping systems[J].Biology and Fertility of Soils,2001,34(6):397-410
[15]ZHANG S S,JIN Y L,ZHU W J,et al.Baicalin released from Scutellaria baicalensis induces autotoxicity and promotes soilborn pathogens[J].Journal of Chemical Ecology,2010,36(3):329-338
[16]ZHOU X G,WU F Z.p-Coumaric acid influenced cucumber rhizosphere soil microbial communities and the growth of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cucumerinum Owen[J].PLoS One,2012,7(10):e48288
[17]ZHOU X G,JIA H T,GE X,et al.Effects of vanillin on the community structures and abundances of Fusarium and Trichoderma spp.in cucumber seedling rhizosphere[J].Journal of Plant Interactions,2018,13(1):45-50
[18]LIU P,LIU Z H,WANG C B,et al.Effects of three long-chain fatty acids present in peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)root exudates on its own growth and the soil enzymes activities[J].Allelopathy Journal,2012,29(1):13-24
[19]LIU P,WAN S B,JIANG L H,et al.Autotoxic potential of root exudates of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.)[J].Allelopathy Journal,2010,26(2):197-206
[20]QU X H,WANG J G.Effect of amendments with different phenolic acids on soil microbial biomass,activity,and community diversity[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2008,39(2):172-179
[21]柯文辉.烟草连作障碍的根际微生态研究[D].福州:福建农林大学,2009KE W H.Studies on rhizospheric microecology of continuous tobacco cropping obstacle[D].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,2009
[22]符建国,易建华,贾志红,等.轮作与连作烟田根际土壤酸性有机组分的初步分离与鉴定[J].中国烟草科学,2011,32(6):67-71FU J G,YI J H,JIA Z H,et al.Initial isolation and identification of acidic component of organic compounds in rhizospheric soils of flue-cured tobacco with rotation and mono-cropping[J].Chinese Tobacco Science,2011,32(6):67-71
[23]石秋环,焦枫,耿伟,等.烤烟连作土壤环境中的障碍因子研究综述[J].中国烟草学报,2009,15(6):81-84SHI Q H,JIAO F,GENG W,et al.An overview on research into factors hindering continuous cropping in flue-cured tobacco[J].Acta Tabacaria Sinica,2009,15(6):81-84
[24]YU J Q,SHOU S Y,QIAN Y R,et al.Autotoxic potential of cucurbit crops[J].Plant and Soil,2000,223(1/2):149-153
[25]宋慧.小豆连作障碍中自毒机理研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013SONG H.Autointoxication in adzuki bean replant disease[D].Yangling:Northwest A&F University,2013
[26]邵财.人参连作障碍化感作用研究[D].长春:中国农业科学院,2009SHAO C.Study on allelopathy in continuous cropping obstacle of Panax ginseng[D].Changchun:Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,2009
[27]MANTEL N.The detection of disease clustering and a generalized regression approach[J].Cancer Research,1967,27(2):209-220
[28]覃光莲,谭劲英.Mantel方法在生态学中的应用[J].生物数学学报,2014,(3):507-512QIN G L,TAN J Y.Mantel test and its applications in ecology[J].Journal of Biomathematics,2014,(3):507-512
[29]王强,戴九兰,付合才,等.空间分析方法在微生物生态学研究中的应用[J].生态学报,2010,30(2):439-446WANG Q,DAI J L,FU H C,et al.The application of spatial analysis methods to microbial ecology[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2010,30(2):439-446
[30]SCHAPPE T,ALBORNOZ F E,TURNER B L,et al.The role of soil chemistry and plant neighbourhoods in structuring fungal communities in three Panamanian rainforests[J].Journal of Ecology,2017,105(3):569-579
[31]XIONG W,LI Z G,LIU H J,et al.The effect of long-term continuous cropping of black pepper on soil bacterial communities as determined by 454 pyrosequencing[J].PLoS One,2015,10(8):e0136946
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