江苏省耕地细碎化评价与土地整治分区研究
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摘要
在明确耕地细碎化内涵空间尺度特征的基础上,从资源规模性、空间集聚性和生产便利性3方面构建耕地细碎化空间测度体系,以江苏省为例,综合运用地理空间分析、数理统计分析等方法,开展了省域尺度耕地细碎化多维评价及相应的土地整治协同探讨。研究表明:①江苏省资源规模属性值总体偏低,呈现苏北-苏中-苏南逐级递减的分异格局;空间集聚属性值总体较高,但区域差异明显,高值区主要集中在徐淮平原及里下河平原地区;利用便利属性值总体呈现与资源规模及集聚状况相反的格局特征,苏南明显高于苏中和苏北地区,两极分化明显,地域差异较大;②在乡镇尺度对各分维属性进行耦合形成江苏省耕地细碎化指数,省域尺度下该指数呈现从北到南逐渐增加的格局特征,表现为北部的低值聚集区和西南部的高值聚集区;③基于区域耕地细碎化不同属性特征的层次组合特点,全省可划分为利用提升区、集约归并区、设施改造区、规模流转区、资源优配区和综合整治区6种类型分区,据此提出不同分区土地整治的主要整治方向及关键问题。
The macro social security function of cultivated land resources and the livelihood maintenance function of micro farmers determine that the connotation and characteristics of the fragmentation of cultivated land are quite different in different spatial scales. In view of the fact that the connotation of cultivated land fragmentation is single, the spatial index measurement is limited, and few attention has been paid to the regional differences in land consolidation, such as the characteristics and spatial distribution of cultivated land resources.This study takes a case study in Jiangsu Province, and constructs an evaluation system of cultivated land fragmentation from aspects such as resource scale, spatial agglomeration and production convenience which based on the definition of spatial scale characteristics of the connotation of cultivated land fragmentation. The results show that: 1) The value of resource scale is generally low, showing a pattern of gradual decline from north to south in Jiangsu; The value of spatial agglomeration is generally high, but the regional differences are obvious,and the high value areas are mainly distributed in Xuhuai Plain and Lixiahe Plain; The value of convenience property was significantly higher in southern than that in central and northern of Jiangsu Province, and the regional differences are obvious; 2) At the township scale, the fractal dimension of cultivated land was coupled to form the index of cultivated land fragmentation in Jiangsu Province. The index showed a gradually increasing pattern from north to south under the provincial scale, which was characterized by the low value aggregation areas in the north and the high value aggregation areas in the southwest; 3) Combined with the characteristics of different attributes of cultivated land fragmentation, Jiangsu Province has been classified into six categories: the utilization efficiency improvement area, the intensive merging area, the facility reformation area, the scale circulation area, the resource optimization area and the comprehensive consolidation area. The study can provide a useful reference for identifying the problems of regional cultivated land resource, determining the key direction of land consolidation, and making the consolidation plans for the stage.
The macro social security function of cultivated land resources and the livelihood maintenance function of micro farmers determine that the connotation and characteristics of the fragmentation of cultivated land are quite different in different spatial scales. In view of the fact that the connotation of cultivated land fragmentation is single, the spatial index measurement is limited, and few attention has been paid to the regional differences in land consolidation, such as the characteristics and spatial distribution of cultivated land resources.This study takes a case study in Jiangsu Province, and constructs an evaluation system of cultivated land fragmentation from aspects such as resource scale, spatial agglomeration and production convenience which based on the definition of spatial scale characteristics of the connotation of cultivated land fragmentation. The results show that: 1) The value of resource scale is generally low, showing a pattern of gradual decline from north to south in Jiangsu; The value of spatial agglomeration is generally high, but the regional differences are obvious,and the high value areas are mainly distributed in Xuhuai Plain and Lixiahe Plain; The value of convenience property was significantly higher in southern than that in central and northern of Jiangsu Province, and the regional differences are obvious; 2) At the township scale, the fractal dimension of cultivated land was coupled to form the index of cultivated land fragmentation in Jiangsu Province. The index showed a gradually increasing pattern from north to south under the provincial scale, which was characterized by the low value aggregation areas in the north and the high value aggregation areas in the southwest; 3) Combined with the characteristics of different attributes of cultivated land fragmentation, Jiangsu Province has been classified into six categories: the utilization efficiency improvement area, the intensive merging area, the facility reformation area, the scale circulation area, the resource optimization area and the comprehensive consolidation area. The study can provide a useful reference for identifying the problems of regional cultivated land resource, determining the key direction of land consolidation, and making the consolidation plans for the stage.
引文
[1]王道骏,陈英,贾首杰,等.基于景观格局指数的耕地细碎化研究——以甘肃省临夏北塬地区为例[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(32):184-188.[Wang Daojun, Chen Ying, Jia Shoujie et al. The research of land fragmentation based on landscape pattern index:Taking beiyuan district in Linxia of Gansu Province as an example. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2014, 30(32):184-188.]
[2]王秀清,苏旭霞.农用地细碎化对农业生产的影响——以山东省莱西市为例[J].农业技术经济,2002(2):2-7.[Wang Xiuqing, Su Xuxia. Effects of agricultural land fragmentation on agricultural production:A case study of Laixi City, Shandong Province. Agricultural Technology Economy, 2002(2):2-7.]
[3]赵锐锋,王福红,张丽华,等.黑河中游地区耕地景观演变及社会经济驱动力分析[J].地理科学, 2017,37(6):920-928.[Zhao Ruifeng, Wang Fuhong, Zhang Lihua et al. Dynamic of farmland landscape and its socioeconomic driving forces in the middle reaches of the Heihe river. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017, 37(6):920-928.]
[4]赵元,胡月明,张新长,等.农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析[J].地理科学, 2016,36(5):760-765.[Zhao Yuan,Hu Yueming, Zhang Xinchang et al. Spatial pattern of farming distance in rural area using ESDA. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016,36(5):760-765.]
[5]国土资源部土地整理中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告(2014版)No. 1[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社, 2014.[Land Consolidation Center of Ministry of Land and Resources. Research report on the development of land consolidation in China(2014Edition)No. 1. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press, 2014.]
[6]河南省国土资源厅.河南省土地开发整理工程建设标准[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2010.[Department of Land and Resources of Henan Province. Construction standard of land development and consolidation project in Henan. Zhengzhou:The Yellow River Water Conservancy Press,2010.]
[7]孙雁,刘友兆.基于细碎化的土地资源可持续利用评价——以江西分宜县为例[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(5):802-810.[Sun Yan, Liu Youzhao. Evaluation of land use sustainability based on land fragmentation:A case on Fenyi County, Jiangxi Province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2010, 25(5):802-810.]
[8] King R L, Burton S P. Land fragmentation, notes on fundamental rural spatial problem[J]. Progress in Human Geography,1982, 6(4):475-494.
[9] Bentley J W. Economic and ecological approaches to land fragmantation:In fefense of a much-maligned phenomenon[J]. Annual Review of Anthropology,1987, 16(1):31-67.
[10] Hazarika G, Alwang J. Access to credit, plot size and cost inefficiency among smallholder tobacco cultivators in Malawi[J]. Agricultural Economics, 2015, 29(1):99-109.
[11]周应堂,王思明.中国土地零碎化问题研究[J].中国土地科学,2008,22(11):50-54.[Zhou Yingtang, Wang Siming. Study on the fragmentariness of land in China. China Land Science,2008, 22(11):50-54.]
[12]郭硕,杨伟州,魏明欢,等.基于地理加权回归的青龙满族自治县耕地细碎化及影响因子分析[J].水土保持研究,2017, 24(3):264-269.[Guo Shuo, Yang Weizhou, Wei Minghuan et al.Cultivated land fragmentation and impact factors of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous county based on geographically weighted regression. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 24(3):264-269.]
[13]李鑫,欧名豪,马贤磊.基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地利用效率影响研究——以扬州市里下河区域为例[J].自然资源学报, 2011,26(10):1758-1767.[Li Xin, Ou Minghao, Ma Xianlei.Analysis on impact of fragmentation based on landscape index to cultivated land use efficiency:A case on Lixiahe District in Yangzhou City. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26(10):1758-1767.]
[14]陈红宇,朱道林,郧文聚,等.嘉兴市耕地细碎化和空间集聚格局分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(4):235-242.[Chen Hongyu, Zhu Daolin, Yun Wenju et al. Analysis on cultivated land fragmentation and spatial agglomeration pattern in Jiaxing city.Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(4):235-242.]
[15]文高辉,杨钢桥,汪文雄,等.基于农户视角的耕地细碎化程度评价——以湖北省“江夏区-咸安区-通山县”为例[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(9):1129-1143.[Wen Gaohui, Yang Gangqiao, Wang Wenxiong et al. Evaluation of cultivated land fragmentation degree based on farmers’perspective:A case of Jiangxia District, Xian’an District, and Tongshan County in Hubei Province. Progress in Geography, 2016, 35(9):1129-1143.]
[16]封志明,李香莲.耕地与粮食安全战略:藏粮于土,提高中国土地资源的综合生产能力[J].地理学与国土研究,2000(3):1-5.[Feng Zhiming, Li Xianglian. The stratagem of cultivated land and food supplies security:Storing food in land—Raising the comprehensive productivity of land resource of China. Geography and Territorial Research, 2000(3):1-5.]
[17]孙雁,赵小敏.分宜县土地细碎化的中观尺度研究[J].中国土地科学,2010,24(4):25-31.[Sun Yan, Zhao Xiaomin. Research on land fragmentation of Fenyi County on meso-level. China Land Science, 2010, 24(4):25-31.]
[18]叶菁,谢巧巧,谭宁焱.基于生态承载力的国土空间开发布局方法研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(11):262-271.[Ye Jing,Xie Qiaoqiao, Tan Ningyan. National land spatial pattern distribution method based on ecological carrying capacity. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(11):262-271.]
[19]龙花楼,邹健,李婷婷,等.乡村转型发展特征评价及地域类型划分——以“苏南-陕北”样带为例[J].地理研究,2012,31(3):495-506.[Long Hualou, Zou Jian, Li Tingting et al. Study on the characteristics and territorial types of rural transformation development:The case of “Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi” transect. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(3):495-506.]
[20]郭艳,张成才,康鸳鸯.河南省经济发展的国土空间评价分区研究[J].地理研究,2015,34(12):2320-2328.[Guo Yan, Zhang Chengcai, Kang Yuanyang. Land assessment division research on economic development in Henan Province. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(12):2320-2328.]
[21]孙伟,陈雯,陈诚.水环境协同约束分区与产业布局引导研究—以江苏省为例[J].地理学报,2010,65(7):819-827.[Sun Wei,Chen Wen, Chen Cheng. Study on cooperative constraint regionalization of water environment and the guidance for industrial distribution:A case study of Jiangsu Province. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(7):819-827.]
(1)http://www.jsmlr.gov.cn/gtxxgk/nrglIndex.action?messageID=8a90825440beba390140c2b9d93a6ec9&type=2
[2]王秀清,苏旭霞.农用地细碎化对农业生产的影响——以山东省莱西市为例[J].农业技术经济,2002(2):2-7.[Wang Xiuqing, Su Xuxia. Effects of agricultural land fragmentation on agricultural production:A case study of Laixi City, Shandong Province. Agricultural Technology Economy, 2002(2):2-7.]
[3]赵锐锋,王福红,张丽华,等.黑河中游地区耕地景观演变及社会经济驱动力分析[J].地理科学, 2017,37(6):920-928.[Zhao Ruifeng, Wang Fuhong, Zhang Lihua et al. Dynamic of farmland landscape and its socioeconomic driving forces in the middle reaches of the Heihe river. Scientia Geographica Sinica,2017, 37(6):920-928.]
[4]赵元,胡月明,张新长,等.农村居民点耕作距离空间分布特征估测分析[J].地理科学, 2016,36(5):760-765.[Zhao Yuan,Hu Yueming, Zhang Xinchang et al. Spatial pattern of farming distance in rural area using ESDA. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016,36(5):760-765.]
[5]国土资源部土地整理中心.中国土地整治发展研究报告(2014版)No. 1[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社, 2014.[Land Consolidation Center of Ministry of Land and Resources. Research report on the development of land consolidation in China(2014Edition)No. 1. Beijing:Social Sciences Academic Press, 2014.]
[6]河南省国土资源厅.河南省土地开发整理工程建设标准[M].郑州:黄河水利出版社,2010.[Department of Land and Resources of Henan Province. Construction standard of land development and consolidation project in Henan. Zhengzhou:The Yellow River Water Conservancy Press,2010.]
[7]孙雁,刘友兆.基于细碎化的土地资源可持续利用评价——以江西分宜县为例[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(5):802-810.[Sun Yan, Liu Youzhao. Evaluation of land use sustainability based on land fragmentation:A case on Fenyi County, Jiangxi Province. Journal of Natural Resources, 2010, 25(5):802-810.]
[8] King R L, Burton S P. Land fragmentation, notes on fundamental rural spatial problem[J]. Progress in Human Geography,1982, 6(4):475-494.
[9] Bentley J W. Economic and ecological approaches to land fragmantation:In fefense of a much-maligned phenomenon[J]. Annual Review of Anthropology,1987, 16(1):31-67.
[10] Hazarika G, Alwang J. Access to credit, plot size and cost inefficiency among smallholder tobacco cultivators in Malawi[J]. Agricultural Economics, 2015, 29(1):99-109.
[11]周应堂,王思明.中国土地零碎化问题研究[J].中国土地科学,2008,22(11):50-54.[Zhou Yingtang, Wang Siming. Study on the fragmentariness of land in China. China Land Science,2008, 22(11):50-54.]
[12]郭硕,杨伟州,魏明欢,等.基于地理加权回归的青龙满族自治县耕地细碎化及影响因子分析[J].水土保持研究,2017, 24(3):264-269.[Guo Shuo, Yang Weizhou, Wei Minghuan et al.Cultivated land fragmentation and impact factors of Qinglong Manchu Autonomous county based on geographically weighted regression. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2017, 24(3):264-269.]
[13]李鑫,欧名豪,马贤磊.基于景观指数的细碎化对耕地利用效率影响研究——以扬州市里下河区域为例[J].自然资源学报, 2011,26(10):1758-1767.[Li Xin, Ou Minghao, Ma Xianlei.Analysis on impact of fragmentation based on landscape index to cultivated land use efficiency:A case on Lixiahe District in Yangzhou City. Journal of Natural Resources, 2011, 26(10):1758-1767.]
[14]陈红宇,朱道林,郧文聚,等.嘉兴市耕地细碎化和空间集聚格局分析[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(4):235-242.[Chen Hongyu, Zhu Daolin, Yun Wenju et al. Analysis on cultivated land fragmentation and spatial agglomeration pattern in Jiaxing city.Transactions of the CSAE, 2012, 28(4):235-242.]
[15]文高辉,杨钢桥,汪文雄,等.基于农户视角的耕地细碎化程度评价——以湖北省“江夏区-咸安区-通山县”为例[J].地理科学进展,2016,35(9):1129-1143.[Wen Gaohui, Yang Gangqiao, Wang Wenxiong et al. Evaluation of cultivated land fragmentation degree based on farmers’perspective:A case of Jiangxia District, Xian’an District, and Tongshan County in Hubei Province. Progress in Geography, 2016, 35(9):1129-1143.]
[16]封志明,李香莲.耕地与粮食安全战略:藏粮于土,提高中国土地资源的综合生产能力[J].地理学与国土研究,2000(3):1-5.[Feng Zhiming, Li Xianglian. The stratagem of cultivated land and food supplies security:Storing food in land—Raising the comprehensive productivity of land resource of China. Geography and Territorial Research, 2000(3):1-5.]
[17]孙雁,赵小敏.分宜县土地细碎化的中观尺度研究[J].中国土地科学,2010,24(4):25-31.[Sun Yan, Zhao Xiaomin. Research on land fragmentation of Fenyi County on meso-level. China Land Science, 2010, 24(4):25-31.]
[18]叶菁,谢巧巧,谭宁焱.基于生态承载力的国土空间开发布局方法研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(11):262-271.[Ye Jing,Xie Qiaoqiao, Tan Ningyan. National land spatial pattern distribution method based on ecological carrying capacity. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017,33(11):262-271.]
[19]龙花楼,邹健,李婷婷,等.乡村转型发展特征评价及地域类型划分——以“苏南-陕北”样带为例[J].地理研究,2012,31(3):495-506.[Long Hualou, Zou Jian, Li Tingting et al. Study on the characteristics and territorial types of rural transformation development:The case of “Southern Jiangsu-Northern Shaanxi” transect. Geographical Research, 2012, 31(3):495-506.]
[20]郭艳,张成才,康鸳鸯.河南省经济发展的国土空间评价分区研究[J].地理研究,2015,34(12):2320-2328.[Guo Yan, Zhang Chengcai, Kang Yuanyang. Land assessment division research on economic development in Henan Province. Geographical Research, 2015, 34(12):2320-2328.]
[21]孙伟,陈雯,陈诚.水环境协同约束分区与产业布局引导研究—以江苏省为例[J].地理学报,2010,65(7):819-827.[Sun Wei,Chen Wen, Chen Cheng. Study on cooperative constraint regionalization of water environment and the guidance for industrial distribution:A case study of Jiangsu Province. Acta Geographica Sinica, 2010, 65(7):819-827.]
(1)http://www.jsmlr.gov.cn/gtxxgk/nrglIndex.action?messageID=8a90825440beba390140c2b9d93a6ec9&type=2