浅析生物炭修复土壤重金属污染研究进展
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摘要
近年来,随着城市化进程加快和工业的迅速发展,导致工业排放废弃物数量增加并且使得土壤污染加剧,其中最为严重的是重金属污染,不仅不利于经济发展而且危害到了人们的健康。生物炭作为一种新型绿色修复剂引起广泛关注,生物炭是缺氧或限氧条件下加热生物质制得的高度芳香化富含碳的固态物质。许多学者对利用生物炭改良环境污染土壤进行了各种研究。文章主要针对生物质炭修复重金属污染土壤的污染效果和治理机制进行讨论分析,最后,从当前研究中存在的不足以及对今后的研究重点和方向进行了展望。
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of industry,the amount of industrial waste discharge increases and soil pollution intensifies, among which the most serious is heavy metal pollution, which is not only harmful to economic development, but also harmful to people's health. Biochar, as a new kind of green restorative agent, has attracted wide attention. Biochar is a highly aromatic carbon-rich solid substance produced by heating biomass under hypoxia or oxygen restriction conditions. Many scholars have conducted various researches on using biochar to improve soil pollution. This paper mainly discusses and analyzes the pollution effect and treatment mechanism of biomass charcoal remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Finally, the shortcomings in the current research are discussed and the future research focus and direction are prospected.
In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization and the rapid development of industry,the amount of industrial waste discharge increases and soil pollution intensifies, among which the most serious is heavy metal pollution, which is not only harmful to economic development, but also harmful to people's health. Biochar, as a new kind of green restorative agent, has attracted wide attention. Biochar is a highly aromatic carbon-rich solid substance produced by heating biomass under hypoxia or oxygen restriction conditions. Many scholars have conducted various researches on using biochar to improve soil pollution. This paper mainly discusses and analyzes the pollution effect and treatment mechanism of biomass charcoal remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. Finally, the shortcomings in the current research are discussed and the future research focus and direction are prospected.
引文
[1]袁帅,赵立欣,孟海波,等.生物炭主要类型、理化性质及其研究展望[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1 402-1 417.
[2]Han G M,Meng J,Zhang W M,et al.Effect of Biochar on Microorganisms Quantity and Soil Physicochemical Property in Rhizosphere of Spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2013,295-298(6):210-219.
[3]高瑞丽,朱俊,汤帆,等.水稻秸秆生物炭对镉、铅复合污染土壤中重金属形态转化的短期影响[J].环境科学学报,2016(01):251-256.
[4]刘霞,刘树庆,王胜爱,等.河北主要土壤中Cd和Pb的形态分布及其影响因素[J].土壤学报,2003,40(3):393-401.
[5]Gaskin J W,Steiner C,Harris K,et al.Effects of low-temperature pyrolysis conditions on biochar for agricultural use[J].Transactions of the ASABE,2008,51(6):2 061-2 069.
[6]GAPORALEA G,PICNA M,SOMMELL A,et dl.Effect of pruningderived biochar on heavy metals removal and water dynamics[J].Biol Fertil Soils,2014,50(8):1 211-1 222.
[7]Choppala G K,Bolan N S,Megharaj M,et al.The influence of biochar and black carbon on reduction and bioavailability of chromate in soils[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2012,41(4):1 175-1 184.
[8]李赟,孙宵琦,于瑞雪,等.不同农作物秸秆生物炭性质及其对重金属铅的吸附特性研究[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(9):78-82.
[9]Houben D,Evrard L,Sonnet P.Mobility,bioavailability and pH-dependent leaching of cadmium,zinc and lead in a contaminated soil amendedwith biochar[J].Chemo-sphere,2013,92(11):1450-1457.
[10]李江遐,吴林春,张军,等.生物炭修复土壤重金属污染的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(12):2 075-2 081.
[11]杨惟薇,张超兰,曹美珠,等.4种生物炭对镉污染潮土钝化修复效果研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):239-243.
[12]宋波,曾炜铨.土壤有机质对镉污染土壤修复的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(4):1 018-1 024.
[13]董爱琴,谢杰,刘佳,等.土壤重金属钝化材料生物炭的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(3):319-325.
[14]Kumar S,Loganathan V A,Gupta R B,et al.An assessment of U(Ⅵ)removal from groundwater using biochar produced from hydrothermal carbonization[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(10):2 504-2 512.
[15]梁媛,李飞跃,杨帆,等.含磷材料及生物炭对复合重金属污染土壤修复效果与修复机理[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(12):2 377-2 383.
[16]EL-SHAFEY E,COX M,PICHUGIN A A,et al.Application of a carbon sorbent for the removal of cadmium and other heavy metal ions from aqueous solution[J].J Chem Technol Biotechnol,2002,77(4):429-436.
[17]王宏胜,唐朝生,巩学鹏,等.生物炭修复重金属污染土研究进展[J].工程地质学报,2018,26(4):1 064-1 077.
[18]Liu Z G,Zhang F S,Wu J Z.Characterization and application of chars produced from pinewood pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment[J].Fuel,2010,89(2):510-514.
[19]Harvey O R,Herbert B E,Rhue R D,et al.Metal interactions at the biochar-water interface:Energetics and structure-sorption relationships elucidated by flow adsorption microcalorimetry[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(13):5 550-5 556.
[20]Cao X D,Ma L N,Liang Y,et al.Simultaneous immobilization of lead and atrazine in contaminated soils using dairy-manure biochar[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(11):4 884-4 889.
[2]Han G M,Meng J,Zhang W M,et al.Effect of Biochar on Microorganisms Quantity and Soil Physicochemical Property in Rhizosphere of Spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)[J].Applied Mechanics&Materials,2013,295-298(6):210-219.
[3]高瑞丽,朱俊,汤帆,等.水稻秸秆生物炭对镉、铅复合污染土壤中重金属形态转化的短期影响[J].环境科学学报,2016(01):251-256.
[4]刘霞,刘树庆,王胜爱,等.河北主要土壤中Cd和Pb的形态分布及其影响因素[J].土壤学报,2003,40(3):393-401.
[5]Gaskin J W,Steiner C,Harris K,et al.Effects of low-temperature pyrolysis conditions on biochar for agricultural use[J].Transactions of the ASABE,2008,51(6):2 061-2 069.
[6]GAPORALEA G,PICNA M,SOMMELL A,et dl.Effect of pruningderived biochar on heavy metals removal and water dynamics[J].Biol Fertil Soils,2014,50(8):1 211-1 222.
[7]Choppala G K,Bolan N S,Megharaj M,et al.The influence of biochar and black carbon on reduction and bioavailability of chromate in soils[J].Journal of Environmental Quality,2012,41(4):1 175-1 184.
[8]李赟,孙宵琦,于瑞雪,等.不同农作物秸秆生物炭性质及其对重金属铅的吸附特性研究[J].山东农业科学,2018,50(9):78-82.
[9]Houben D,Evrard L,Sonnet P.Mobility,bioavailability and pH-dependent leaching of cadmium,zinc and lead in a contaminated soil amendedwith biochar[J].Chemo-sphere,2013,92(11):1450-1457.
[10]李江遐,吴林春,张军,等.生物炭修复土壤重金属污染的研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(12):2 075-2 081.
[11]杨惟薇,张超兰,曹美珠,等.4种生物炭对镉污染潮土钝化修复效果研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):239-243.
[12]宋波,曾炜铨.土壤有机质对镉污染土壤修复的影响[J].土壤通报,2015,46(4):1 018-1 024.
[13]董爱琴,谢杰,刘佳,等.土壤重金属钝化材料生物炭的研究进展[J].环境污染与防治,2017,39(3):319-325.
[14]Kumar S,Loganathan V A,Gupta R B,et al.An assessment of U(Ⅵ)removal from groundwater using biochar produced from hydrothermal carbonization[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2011,92(10):2 504-2 512.
[15]梁媛,李飞跃,杨帆,等.含磷材料及生物炭对复合重金属污染土壤修复效果与修复机理[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(12):2 377-2 383.
[16]EL-SHAFEY E,COX M,PICHUGIN A A,et al.Application of a carbon sorbent for the removal of cadmium and other heavy metal ions from aqueous solution[J].J Chem Technol Biotechnol,2002,77(4):429-436.
[17]王宏胜,唐朝生,巩学鹏,等.生物炭修复重金属污染土研究进展[J].工程地质学报,2018,26(4):1 064-1 077.
[18]Liu Z G,Zhang F S,Wu J Z.Characterization and application of chars produced from pinewood pyrolysis and hydrothermal treatment[J].Fuel,2010,89(2):510-514.
[19]Harvey O R,Herbert B E,Rhue R D,et al.Metal interactions at the biochar-water interface:Energetics and structure-sorption relationships elucidated by flow adsorption microcalorimetry[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(13):5 550-5 556.
[20]Cao X D,Ma L N,Liang Y,et al.Simultaneous immobilization of lead and atrazine in contaminated soils using dairy-manure biochar[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2011,45(11):4 884-4 889.