沼液理化性质对土壤饱和导水率的影响
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摘要
文章为探求沼液对土壤饱和导水率的影响,采用变水头渗透试验的方法系统研究了不同容重条件下沼液理化性质对土壤饱和导水率的影响,并采用多元逐步回归分析方法筛选了沼液理化性质对土壤饱和导水率的主要影响因子。结果表明,沼液入渗过程中,土壤饱和导水率随土壤容重的增加而降低;沼液配比、沼液电导率、沼液黏度、沼液干物质的量和土壤饱和导水率均呈拟合优度很好的负相关指数函数关系,且方程均具有极显著的统计学意义;沼液pH值和土壤饱和导水率呈负相关的抛物线关系,采用一元二次函数方程能够很好反映土壤饱和导水率随沼液pH值增减的变化特征;多元逐步回归分析表明沼液理化性质均与土壤饱和导水率存在极显著的相关性,其中沼液干物质的量和沼液黏度是影响土壤饱和导水率的主要因子。由此可见,土壤饱和导水率会受到沼液理化性质的影响,在研究分析沼液入渗对土壤饱和导水率影响时,不仅要考虑土壤机械组成、土壤容重、土壤有机质含量等土壤因素带来的影响外,还要考虑沼液理化特性对土壤饱和导水率产生的影响。
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of biogas slurry on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. The effects of physicochemical properties of biogas slurry on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity under different soil bulk density conditions were studied systematically by means of variable head penetration test. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was used to screen the main influencing factors. The results showed that during the infiltration process of biogas slurry,the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increase of soil bulk density. The biogas slurry proportion,conductivity,viscosity,dry matter quantity and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity all showed a good negative correlation exponential function,and the equations were statistically significant. The parabolic relationship between p H value and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was negatively correlated. The one-dimensional quadratic function equation could well reflect the variation of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity with the increase or decrease of p H value of biogas slurry. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the physicochemical properties of biogas slurry and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. The amount of dry matter in biogas slurry and the viscosity of biogas slurry were the main factors affecting the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil. Thus it could be seen that soil saturated hydraulic conductivity would be affected by the physicochemical properties of biogas slurry. When studying and analyzing the influence of infiltration of biogas slurry on soil saturation hydraulic conductivity,not only consider the influence of soil mechanical composition,soil bulk density,soil organic matter content and other soil factors,but also the influence of physic-chemical properties of biogas slurry should be considered.
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of biogas slurry on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. The effects of physicochemical properties of biogas slurry on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity under different soil bulk density conditions were studied systematically by means of variable head penetration test. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was used to screen the main influencing factors. The results showed that during the infiltration process of biogas slurry,the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity decreased with the increase of soil bulk density. The biogas slurry proportion,conductivity,viscosity,dry matter quantity and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity all showed a good negative correlation exponential function,and the equations were statistically significant. The parabolic relationship between p H value and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity was negatively correlated. The one-dimensional quadratic function equation could well reflect the variation of soil saturated hydraulic conductivity with the increase or decrease of p H value of biogas slurry. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the physicochemical properties of biogas slurry and soil saturated hydraulic conductivity. The amount of dry matter in biogas slurry and the viscosity of biogas slurry were the main factors affecting the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil. Thus it could be seen that soil saturated hydraulic conductivity would be affected by the physicochemical properties of biogas slurry. When studying and analyzing the influence of infiltration of biogas slurry on soil saturation hydraulic conductivity,not only consider the influence of soil mechanical composition,soil bulk density,soil organic matter content and other soil factors,but also the influence of physic-chemical properties of biogas slurry should be considered.
引文
[1]雷志栋,杨诗秀,谢森传.土壤水动力学[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1988:77-78.
[2]梁向锋,赵世伟,张扬,等.子午岭植被恢复对土壤饱和导水率的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):636-642.
[3]Jury W A,Gardner W R,Gardner W H,et al.Soil Physics[M].New York:John Wiley&Sones,1991.
[4]Warrick A W,Nielsen D R.Applications of Soil Physics[M].New York:Academic Press,1980.
[5]Pachepsky Y,Park Y.Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of US Soils Grouped According to Textural Class and Bulk Density[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2015,79(4):69.
[6]单秀枝,魏由庆.土壤有机质含量对土壤水动力学参数的影响[J].土壤学报,1998,(1):1-9.
[7]Gao H B,Shao M A.Effect of temperature on soil moisture parameters[J].Advances in Water Science,2011,22(4):484-494.
[8]Helalia A M.The relation between soil infiltration and effective porosity in different soils[J].Agricultural Water Management,1993,24(1):39-47.
[9]王全九,叶海燕,史晓南,等.土壤初始含水量对微咸水入渗特征影响[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(1):51-53.
[10]Miyamoto S,Stroehlein J L.Sulfuric Acid Effects on Water Infiltration and Chemical Properties of Alkaline Soils and Water[J].Transactions of the Asae,1986,29(5):1288-1296.
[11]胡启春.农村生物质能利用发展模式分析[J].生物质化学工程,2008,42(3):26-30.
[12]吴树彪,崔畅,张笑千,等.农田施用沼液增产提质效应及水土环境影响[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(8):118-125.
[13]张无敌,尹芳,李建昌,等.沼液对土壤有机质含量和肥效的影响[J].可再生能源,2008,26(6):45-47.
[14]陈超,阮志勇,吴进,等.规模化沼气工程沼液综合处理与利用的研究进展[J].中国沼气.2013,31(1):25-43.
[15]姚向君,郝先荣,郭宪章.畜禽养殖场能源环保工程的发展及其商业化运作模式的探讨[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):181-184.
[16]Price K,Jackson C R,Parker A J.Variation of surficial soil hydraulic properties across land uses in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains,North Carolina,USA[J].Journal of hydrology,2010,383(3/4):256-268.
[17]张恩继.水-沼液一体穴灌土壤水分及铵态氮迁移特征试验研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2016.
[18]Hendry M J,Paterson B A.Relationship between saturated hydraulic conductivity and some physical and chemical properties[J].Ground Water,1982,20(5):604-605.
[19]郑纪勇,邵明安,张兴昌.黄土区坡面表层土壤容重和饱和导水率空间变异特征[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(3):53-56.
[20]Balai C M,Yadav K K,Majumdar S P.Effect of compaction on bulk density,saturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture content of soil[J].Hydrology Journal,2009.
[21]Ma J J,Sun X H,Bi Y J,et al.Changes of topsoil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity under infiltration condition of water storage pit[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(11):39-43.
[22]Pachepsky Y,Park Y.Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of US Soils Grouped According to Textural Class and Bulk Density[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2015,79(4).
[23]郑健,张恩继,王燕,等.水-沼液一体入渗特征分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2018,(1):58-64.
[24]邵明安,张博闻.原油在扰动土壤中入渗的实验研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(5):781-787.
[25]Hartmann R,Verplancke H,Boodt M D.The Influence of a nonionic surfactant on the effect of soil conditioners on the infiltration in sand and silt loam[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,2010,142(1):117-123.
[26]唐胜强,佘冬立.灌溉水质对土壤饱和导水率和入渗特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):108-114.
[27]罗惕乾.流体力学.3版[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:2-4.
[28]何利昌,樊贵盛,吉晋兰,等.细颗粒物质潜入土壤对入渗的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2015,34(2):102-104.
[29]张俐,佘冬立,傅瑜,等.入渗水水质对土壤导水特性影响的试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):64-68.
[30]龚恩磊,王辉,胡传旺,等.酸性溶液对红壤水分入渗特征影响及其模拟研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):48-51.
[31]Le T M H,Collins R N,Waite T D.Influence of metal ions and p H on the hydraulic properties of potential acid sulfate soils[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,356(1-2):261-270.
[2]梁向锋,赵世伟,张扬,等.子午岭植被恢复对土壤饱和导水率的影响[J].生态学报,2009,29(2):636-642.
[3]Jury W A,Gardner W R,Gardner W H,et al.Soil Physics[M].New York:John Wiley&Sones,1991.
[4]Warrick A W,Nielsen D R.Applications of Soil Physics[M].New York:Academic Press,1980.
[5]Pachepsky Y,Park Y.Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of US Soils Grouped According to Textural Class and Bulk Density[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2015,79(4):69.
[6]单秀枝,魏由庆.土壤有机质含量对土壤水动力学参数的影响[J].土壤学报,1998,(1):1-9.
[7]Gao H B,Shao M A.Effect of temperature on soil moisture parameters[J].Advances in Water Science,2011,22(4):484-494.
[8]Helalia A M.The relation between soil infiltration and effective porosity in different soils[J].Agricultural Water Management,1993,24(1):39-47.
[9]王全九,叶海燕,史晓南,等.土壤初始含水量对微咸水入渗特征影响[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(1):51-53.
[10]Miyamoto S,Stroehlein J L.Sulfuric Acid Effects on Water Infiltration and Chemical Properties of Alkaline Soils and Water[J].Transactions of the Asae,1986,29(5):1288-1296.
[11]胡启春.农村生物质能利用发展模式分析[J].生物质化学工程,2008,42(3):26-30.
[12]吴树彪,崔畅,张笑千,等.农田施用沼液增产提质效应及水土环境影响[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(8):118-125.
[13]张无敌,尹芳,李建昌,等.沼液对土壤有机质含量和肥效的影响[J].可再生能源,2008,26(6):45-47.
[14]陈超,阮志勇,吴进,等.规模化沼气工程沼液综合处理与利用的研究进展[J].中国沼气.2013,31(1):25-43.
[15]姚向君,郝先荣,郭宪章.畜禽养殖场能源环保工程的发展及其商业化运作模式的探讨[J].农业工程学报,2002,18(1):181-184.
[16]Price K,Jackson C R,Parker A J.Variation of surficial soil hydraulic properties across land uses in the southern Blue Ridge Mountains,North Carolina,USA[J].Journal of hydrology,2010,383(3/4):256-268.
[17]张恩继.水-沼液一体穴灌土壤水分及铵态氮迁移特征试验研究[D].兰州:兰州理工大学,2016.
[18]Hendry M J,Paterson B A.Relationship between saturated hydraulic conductivity and some physical and chemical properties[J].Ground Water,1982,20(5):604-605.
[19]郑纪勇,邵明安,张兴昌.黄土区坡面表层土壤容重和饱和导水率空间变异特征[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(3):53-56.
[20]Balai C M,Yadav K K,Majumdar S P.Effect of compaction on bulk density,saturated hydraulic conductivity and moisture content of soil[J].Hydrology Journal,2009.
[21]Ma J J,Sun X H,Bi Y J,et al.Changes of topsoil bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity under infiltration condition of water storage pit[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2009,25(11):39-43.
[22]Pachepsky Y,Park Y.Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of US Soils Grouped According to Textural Class and Bulk Density[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2015,79(4).
[23]郑健,张恩继,王燕,等.水-沼液一体入渗特征分析[J].兰州理工大学学报,2018,(1):58-64.
[24]邵明安,张博闻.原油在扰动土壤中入渗的实验研究[J].土壤学报,2009,46(5):781-787.
[25]Hartmann R,Verplancke H,Boodt M D.The Influence of a nonionic surfactant on the effect of soil conditioners on the infiltration in sand and silt loam[J].Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science,2010,142(1):117-123.
[26]唐胜强,佘冬立.灌溉水质对土壤饱和导水率和入渗特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):108-114.
[27]罗惕乾.流体力学.3版[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:2-4.
[28]何利昌,樊贵盛,吉晋兰,等.细颗粒物质潜入土壤对入渗的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2015,34(2):102-104.
[29]张俐,佘冬立,傅瑜,等.入渗水水质对土壤导水特性影响的试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):64-68.
[30]龚恩磊,王辉,胡传旺,等.酸性溶液对红壤水分入渗特征影响及其模拟研究[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(1):48-51.
[31]Le T M H,Collins R N,Waite T D.Influence of metal ions and p H on the hydraulic properties of potential acid sulfate soils[J].Journal of Hydrology,2008,356(1-2):261-270.