铝污泥复合填料特性及在人工湿地中的应用
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摘要
利用铝污泥、钢渣和沸石制备了3种铝污泥复合填料——铝污泥-沸石、铝污泥-钢渣、铝污泥-沸石-钢渣,研究了其物理特性和对磷的等温吸附性能,并应用于人工湿地小试系统中,探讨其对湿地水质的净化效果。结果表明:相较铝污泥和传统湿地填料,3种复合填料具有较大的体积密度、孔隙率和比表面积; 3种复合填料对磷的吸附效果存在较大差异,表现为铝污泥-钢渣>铝污泥-沸石>铝污泥-沸石-钢渣; 3种复合填料对人工湿地进水中化学需氧量(CODCr)的去除率无显著差异,均为70%左右;对总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH3-N)的去除率差异较大,其中铝污泥-钢渣、铝污泥-沸石对TP去除率较高(93%以上),铝污泥-沸石、铝污泥-沸石-钢渣对TN和NH3-N去除率较高(TN高于65%,NH3-N高于77%);铝污泥-沸石复合填料对人工湿地污染物去除的综合效果最好,可使人工湿地出水水质达到GB 18918—2002《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》一级A标准。
Three kinds of aluminum sludge composite fillers, including aluminum sludge-zeolite, aluminum sludgesteel slag, aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag, were prepared by using aluminum sludge, steel slag and zeolite. The physical properties and isothermal adsorption properties of phosphorus were studied. The composite fillers were used in a pilot-scale constructed wetland system, and their purification effects on wetland water quality were discussed.The results showed that the three kinds of composite fillers had higher volume density, porosity and specific surface area compared with aluminum sludge and conventional wetland fillers. The adsorption effect on phosphorus was quite different, with the order as follows: aluminum sludge-steel slag > aluminum sludge-zeolite > aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag. The removal rate of CODCrwas about 70% in constructed wetland which revealed no significant differences. The removal rate of TP, TN and NH3-N were significantly different; the removal rate of aluminum sludge-steel slag and aluminum sludge-zeolite on TP was higher( above 93%), while that of aluminum sludge-zeolite, aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag on TN and NH3-N was higher( TN above 65% and NH3-N77%). The aluminum sludge-zeolite composite filler had the best comprehensive removal effect on pollutants in constructed wetlands, and the effluent quality of constructed wetlands could reach level A of Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants( GB 18918-2002).
Three kinds of aluminum sludge composite fillers, including aluminum sludge-zeolite, aluminum sludgesteel slag, aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag, were prepared by using aluminum sludge, steel slag and zeolite. The physical properties and isothermal adsorption properties of phosphorus were studied. The composite fillers were used in a pilot-scale constructed wetland system, and their purification effects on wetland water quality were discussed.The results showed that the three kinds of composite fillers had higher volume density, porosity and specific surface area compared with aluminum sludge and conventional wetland fillers. The adsorption effect on phosphorus was quite different, with the order as follows: aluminum sludge-steel slag > aluminum sludge-zeolite > aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag. The removal rate of CODCrwas about 70% in constructed wetland which revealed no significant differences. The removal rate of TP, TN and NH3-N were significantly different; the removal rate of aluminum sludge-steel slag and aluminum sludge-zeolite on TP was higher( above 93%), while that of aluminum sludge-zeolite, aluminum sludge-zeolite-steel slag on TN and NH3-N was higher( TN above 65% and NH3-N77%). The aluminum sludge-zeolite composite filler had the best comprehensive removal effect on pollutants in constructed wetlands, and the effluent quality of constructed wetlands could reach level A of Pollutant Discharge Standard for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants( GB 18918-2002).
引文
[1]薛彦茵.复合垂直流-水平流人工湿地深度处理农村生活污水的实验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2018.
[2]袁忠顺.农村生活污水A/O-人工湿地处理工艺参数的优化与湿地植物的筛选[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
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[6]张瑞斌.不同水生植物对污水处理厂尾水的生态净化效果分析[J].环境工程技术学报,2015,5(6):504-508.ZHANG R B. Ecological purification efficiency of several aquatic plants on tail water of sewage treatment plant[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2015,5(6):504-508.
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[8]万正芬,张学庆,卢少勇. 19种人工湿地填料对磷吸附解吸效果研究[J].水处理技术,2015(4):35-44.WAN Z F,ZHANG X Q,LU S Y. The adsorption and desorption of phosphorus by nineteen constructed wetland substrates[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2015(4):35-44.
[9]余芃飞,胡将军,张列宇,等.多介质人工湿地提升再生水水质的工程实例[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(4):99-101.YU P F,HU J J,ZHANG L Y,et al. Upgrading technology project case of reclaimed water quality by multimedia constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(4):99-101.
[10] ZHAO Y Q. Constructive approaches toward water treatment works sludge management:an international review of beneficial reuses[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science&Technology,2007,37(2):129-164.
[11] MAKRIS K C,HARRIS W G,O'CONNOR G A,et al.Physicochemical properties related to long-term phosphorus retention by drinking-water treatment residuals[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2005,39(11):4280-4289.
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[15]马宏林.基于给水污泥基持的人工湿地去除水中磷的试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2015.
[16]赵晓红,赵亚乾,王文科,等.人工湿地系统以铝污泥为基质的几个关键问题[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(11):131-136.ZHAO X H,ZHAO Y Q,WANG W K,et al. Several key issues to consider in using alum sludge as substrate in constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(11):131-136.
[17] MAQBOOL N,KHAN Z,ASGHAR A. Reuse of alum sludge for phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment,2016,57(28):13246-13254.
[18] del BUBBA M,ARIAS C A,BRIX H. Phosphorus adsorption maximum of sands for use as media in subsurface flow constructed reed beds as measured by the Langmuir isotherm[J]. Water Research,2003,37(14):3390-3400.
[19] DRIZO A,FROST C A,GRACE J,et al. Physico-chemical screening of phosphate-removing substrates for use in constructed wetland systems[J]. Water Research,1999,33(17):3595-3602.
[20] DAYTON E A,BASTA N T. Characterization of drinking water treatment residuals for use as a soil substitute[J]. Water Environment Research,2001,73(1):52-57.
[21] LI Z F,JIANG N,WU F F,et al. Experimental investigation of phosphorus adsorption capacity of the waterworks sludges from five cities in China[J]. Ecological Engineering,2013,53(4):165-172.
[22]杨永哲,赵亚乾,BABATUNDE A,等.给水厂铝污泥对磷的吸附特性及陈化时间的影响[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(11):137-141.YANG Y Z,ZHAO Y Q,BABATUNDE A,et al. Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of alum sludge from waterworks and influence of aging time[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(11):137-141.
[23]王功,魏东洋,方晓航,等. 3种湿地填料对水体中氮磷的吸附特性研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(11):9-13.
[24]江子建,陈秀荣,赵建国.沸石、钢渣组合填料对氨氮和磷的定量去除研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016(2):133-138.JIANG Z J,CHEN X R,ZHAO J G. Quantitative removal of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus with compound of zeolite and steel slag[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2016(2):133-138.
[25] BABATUNDE A O,ZHAO Y Q. Form,patterns and extractability of phosphorus retained in alum sludge used as substrate in laboratory-scale constructed wetland systems[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2009,152(1):8-13.
[26]穆丹琳.城市给水厂污泥特性调研及调理实验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[27]王博迪.铝污泥基质人工湿地处理含酚废水试验[D].西安:长安大学,2018.
[28]纪鹏华.钙/铝改性钢渣陶粒的制备及其除磷性能的研究[D].保定:河北大学,2017.
[29]张翔凌,张晟,贺锋,等.不同填料在高负荷垂直流人工湿地系统中净化能力的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(5):1905-1910.ZHANG X L,ZHANG S,HE F,et al. Effect of different filter media on the treatment performances of vertical flow constructed wetlands at high hydraulic loading[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(5):1905-1910.
[30]黄耀棠,刘凯.出水水位对垂直潜流湿地脱氮效果及N2O释放的影响[J].中国给水排水,2016,32(1):5-10.HUANG Y T,LIU K. Influence of water level on nitrogen removal and N2O emission from vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2016,32(1):5-10.
[31]李妍.自来水厂污泥陶粒化作为人工湿地填料的研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2015.
[32]李一兵,呼瑞琪,张彦平,等.给水厂含铝污泥对含磷废水的吸附特性研究[J].工业水处理,2018,38(5):30-34.LI Y B,HU R Q,ZHANG Y P,et al. Research on the adsorption capability of aluminum-containing sludge for the phosphoruscontaining wastewater in waterworks[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2018,38(5):30-34.
[2]袁忠顺.农村生活污水A/O-人工湿地处理工艺参数的优化与湿地植物的筛选[D].南京:南京农业大学,2014.
[3]苏功平,张小凤,陈文清.复合生物滤池+潜流人工湿地组合工艺处理农村生活污水[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(2):775-780.SU G P,ZHANG X F,CHEN W Q. Biological filter and subsurface flow constructed wetlands to treat rural domestic sewage[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2016,10(2):775-780.
[4]梁继东,周启星,孙铁珩.人工湿地污水处理系统研究及性能改进分析[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(2):49-55.LIANG J D,ZHOU Q X,SUN T H. A research review and technical improvement analysis of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2003,22(2):49-55.
[5]冀泽华,冯冲凌,吴晓芙,等.人工湿地污水处理系统填料及其净化机理研究进展[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(8):2234-2243.JI Z H,FENG C L,WU X F,et al. Research progress on filler application and purification mechanisms in constructed wetland wastewater treatment system[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology,2016,35(8):2234-2243.
[6]张瑞斌.不同水生植物对污水处理厂尾水的生态净化效果分析[J].环境工程技术学报,2015,5(6):504-508.ZHANG R B. Ecological purification efficiency of several aquatic plants on tail water of sewage treatment plant[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2015,5(6):504-508.
[7]刘波,陈玉成,王莉玮,等. 4种人工湿地填料对磷的吸附特性分析[J].环境工程学报,2010,4(1):44-48.LIU B,CHEN Y C,WANG L W,et al. Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of four substrates in constructed wetland[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2010,4(1):44-48.
[8]万正芬,张学庆,卢少勇. 19种人工湿地填料对磷吸附解吸效果研究[J].水处理技术,2015(4):35-44.WAN Z F,ZHANG X Q,LU S Y. The adsorption and desorption of phosphorus by nineteen constructed wetland substrates[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2015(4):35-44.
[9]余芃飞,胡将军,张列宇,等.多介质人工湿地提升再生水水质的工程实例[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(4):99-101.YU P F,HU J J,ZHANG L Y,et al. Upgrading technology project case of reclaimed water quality by multimedia constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(4):99-101.
[10] ZHAO Y Q. Constructive approaches toward water treatment works sludge management:an international review of beneficial reuses[J]. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science&Technology,2007,37(2):129-164.
[11] MAKRIS K C,HARRIS W G,O'CONNOR G A,et al.Physicochemical properties related to long-term phosphorus retention by drinking-water treatment residuals[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2005,39(11):4280-4289.
[12] YANG Y,ZHAO Y Q,BABATUNDE A O,et al. Characteristics and mechanisms of phosphate adsorption on dewatered alum sludge[J]. Separation&Purification Technology,2006,51(2):193-200.
[13]胡沅胜,赵亚乾,BABATUNDE A,等.铝污泥基质潮汐流人工湿地强化除污中试[J].中国给水排水,2015(13):116-122.HU Y S,ZHAO Y Q,BABATUNDE A,et al. Pilot study on enhanced pollutants removal in alum sludge-based tidal flow constructed wetlands[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015(13):116-122.
[14]张瑞斌,奚道国,王乐阳,等. A/O+铝污泥填料人工湿地组合工艺处理农村生活污水的效果[J].环境工程技术学报,2019,9(2):145-150.ZHANG R B,XI D G,WANG L Y,et al. Effect of A/O+aluminum sludge filled constructed wetland combined process on rural domestic sewage[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology,2019,9(2):145-150.
[15]马宏林.基于给水污泥基持的人工湿地去除水中磷的试验研究[D].兰州:兰州交通大学,2015.
[16]赵晓红,赵亚乾,王文科,等.人工湿地系统以铝污泥为基质的几个关键问题[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(11):131-136.ZHAO X H,ZHAO Y Q,WANG W K,et al. Several key issues to consider in using alum sludge as substrate in constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(11):131-136.
[17] MAQBOOL N,KHAN Z,ASGHAR A. Reuse of alum sludge for phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater[J]. Desalination&Water Treatment,2016,57(28):13246-13254.
[18] del BUBBA M,ARIAS C A,BRIX H. Phosphorus adsorption maximum of sands for use as media in subsurface flow constructed reed beds as measured by the Langmuir isotherm[J]. Water Research,2003,37(14):3390-3400.
[19] DRIZO A,FROST C A,GRACE J,et al. Physico-chemical screening of phosphate-removing substrates for use in constructed wetland systems[J]. Water Research,1999,33(17):3595-3602.
[20] DAYTON E A,BASTA N T. Characterization of drinking water treatment residuals for use as a soil substitute[J]. Water Environment Research,2001,73(1):52-57.
[21] LI Z F,JIANG N,WU F F,et al. Experimental investigation of phosphorus adsorption capacity of the waterworks sludges from five cities in China[J]. Ecological Engineering,2013,53(4):165-172.
[22]杨永哲,赵亚乾,BABATUNDE A,等.给水厂铝污泥对磷的吸附特性及陈化时间的影响[J].中国给水排水,2015,31(11):137-141.YANG Y Z,ZHAO Y Q,BABATUNDE A,et al. Phosphorus adsorption characteristics of alum sludge from waterworks and influence of aging time[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2015,31(11):137-141.
[23]王功,魏东洋,方晓航,等. 3种湿地填料对水体中氮磷的吸附特性研究[J].环境污染与防治,2012,34(11):9-13.
[24]江子建,陈秀荣,赵建国.沸石、钢渣组合填料对氨氮和磷的定量去除研究[J].环境科学与技术,2016(2):133-138.JIANG Z J,CHEN X R,ZHAO J G. Quantitative removal of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus with compound of zeolite and steel slag[J]. Environmental Science&Technology,2016(2):133-138.
[25] BABATUNDE A O,ZHAO Y Q. Form,patterns and extractability of phosphorus retained in alum sludge used as substrate in laboratory-scale constructed wetland systems[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2009,152(1):8-13.
[26]穆丹琳.城市给水厂污泥特性调研及调理实验研究[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2015.
[27]王博迪.铝污泥基质人工湿地处理含酚废水试验[D].西安:长安大学,2018.
[28]纪鹏华.钙/铝改性钢渣陶粒的制备及其除磷性能的研究[D].保定:河北大学,2017.
[29]张翔凌,张晟,贺锋,等.不同填料在高负荷垂直流人工湿地系统中净化能力的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(5):1905-1910.ZHANG X L,ZHANG S,HE F,et al. Effect of different filter media on the treatment performances of vertical flow constructed wetlands at high hydraulic loading[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(5):1905-1910.
[30]黄耀棠,刘凯.出水水位对垂直潜流湿地脱氮效果及N2O释放的影响[J].中国给水排水,2016,32(1):5-10.HUANG Y T,LIU K. Influence of water level on nitrogen removal and N2O emission from vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland[J]. China Water&Wastewater,2016,32(1):5-10.
[31]李妍.自来水厂污泥陶粒化作为人工湿地填料的研究[D].福州:福建师范大学,2015.
[32]李一兵,呼瑞琪,张彦平,等.给水厂含铝污泥对含磷废水的吸附特性研究[J].工业水处理,2018,38(5):30-34.LI Y B,HU R Q,ZHANG Y P,et al. Research on the adsorption capability of aluminum-containing sludge for the phosphoruscontaining wastewater in waterworks[J]. Industrial Water Treatment,2018,38(5):30-34.