农副产品加工园区典型行业废水污染现状分析
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摘要
辉山农副产品加工园区废水的污染物浓度高、生物毒性强,对沈阳市蒲河全流域水环境造成严重污染。为掌握园区典型行业废水污染现状,开展实地调研以理清园区典型行业废水的源汇机制,对主要污染因子COD_(Cr)、BOD_5、SS、NH_3-N、TN、TP及生物毒性抑制率进行监测。结果表明,现有污水处理设施对饮料制造和玉米深加工行业废水处理效果较好,出水指标可达到排放标准;液体乳及乳制品加工行业排水存在TN、TP超标现象;屠宰及肉类加工行业排水生物毒性仍较强。针对以上问题,考虑采用生物-生态处理工艺提高出水水质、拓宽中水回用途径,既节约了生产过程中的新鲜水利用量,又减少了污染物的排放,可降低园区外排污染所产生的不利影响。
Huishan agricultural and sideline products processing park was located in Puhe source.Wastewater from the park had important effect on Puhe river water quality.To master the typical industry wastewater pollution status,and clarify wastewater source,through field investigation,the main pollutants of the park wastewater were monitored.The results showed that it was good that the beverage manufacture and corn processing industry wastewater treatment effect.TN and TP of the liquid milk and milk products processing industry wastewater were over the standard.Biological toxicity of the meat processing industry wastewater was high.For the above situation,it is suggested that the biological-ecological treatment technology as a solution.
Huishan agricultural and sideline products processing park was located in Puhe source.Wastewater from the park had important effect on Puhe river water quality.To master the typical industry wastewater pollution status,and clarify wastewater source,through field investigation,the main pollutants of the park wastewater were monitored.The results showed that it was good that the beverage manufacture and corn processing industry wastewater treatment effect.TN and TP of the liquid milk and milk products processing industry wastewater were over the standard.Biological toxicity of the meat processing industry wastewater was high.For the above situation,it is suggested that the biological-ecological treatment technology as a solution.
引文
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[2]辽宁省质量技术监督局,辽宁省环境保护局.辽宁省污水综合排放标准DB 21/1627-2008[S/OL].2008.http://sthj.ln.gov.cn/xxgk/bzygf/hjbzgl/zcfg/dfbzwb/201905/t20190505_108185.html.
[3]国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准:GB 18918-2002[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2003.
[4]祁金祥,宋伟.模糊数学评价法在蒲河水质评价中的应用[J].科技创新导报,2010(19):139.
[5]FEMANAEA A.Assessment of toxicity of river water and effluents by the bioluminescence assay using photo-bacteriumphosphorous[J].Water Research,1995,29(5):1281-1286.
[6]MARINE L,MARIA-JESUS G,TIRAPU L,et al.Wasterwater toxicity screening of non-ionic surfactants by toxalert and microtox bioluminescence inhibition assays[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2001,427(2):181-189.
[7]GUTIEREZ M,ETXEBARRIA J.Evaluation of wastewater toxicity:comparative study between microtox and activated sludge oxygen uptake inhibition[J].Water Research,2002,36(4):919-924.
[8]国家环境保护局,国家科技监督局.肉类加工工业水污染物排放标准:GB 13457-92[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1992.
[9]国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.啤酒工业污染物排放标准:GB 9821-2005[S].北京:中国环境出版社,2005.
[10]韩琳,何康林.污水可生化性的研究[J].中国环保产业,2004(6):37-39.
[11]徐美倩.废水可生化性评价技术探讨[J].工业水处理,2008,25(5):17-20.
[12]韩玮.污废水可生化性评价方法的可行性研究[J].江苏环境科技,2004,17(3):8210.
[13]王琨,汤利华,汪强林,等.污水可生化性对污水处理效果影响的分析[J].工业用水与废水,2012,43(1):16-18.
[14]杨紫旭,闫宝伟,王玉珏.乳品废水的可生化性研究[J].北方环境,2012,24(3):41-46.
[15]朱丽娜.基于发光细菌法的水质综合毒性研究[D].北京:中央民族大学,2012.
[16]THOMULKA K W,MCGEE D J,LANGE J H.Use of the bioluminescent bacterium Photobacterium phosphoreum,to detect potentially biohazardous materials in water[J].Bulletin of Environmental Contamination & Toxicology,1993,51(4):538-544.
[17]GIROTTI S,FERRI E N,FUMO M G,et al.Monitoring of environmental pollutants by bioluminescent bacteria[J].Analytica Chimica Acta,2008,608(1):2-29.
[18]VETROVA E,ESIMBEKOVA E,REMMEL N,et al.A bioluminescent signal system:detection of chemical toxicants in water[J].Luminescence,2010,22(3):206-214.
[19]ANGELAKIS A N,DURHAM B.Water recycling and reuse in EUREAU countries:trends and challenges[J].Desalination,2008,218(1-3):3-12.
[20]左方敏,高伟.中水回用对城市给排水的影响研究[J].环境科学与管理,2013,38(7):50-55.