口外岸线变化对茅尾海潮流动力及水体交换的影响
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摘要
2005年以来,钦州湾口外围填海规模近3000 hm~2,岸线变化十分显著,对其上游茅尾海潮流动力及水体交换产生了一定影响。本文通过建立钦州湾—茅尾海二维潮流数学模型,从潮流特征、纳潮量、水体交换周期等方面探讨了2005～2015年间钦州湾岸线变化对茅尾海潮流动力及水体交换的影响,其中,水体交换周期以总负荷的半交换时间表征,避免了单点浓度半交换时间表达中采样点位置不同导致的偏差,以及平均浓度表达中不同时刻水体体积差异带来的误差。研究结果表明:口外岸线变化使钦州湾湾口进一步缩窄,纳潮容积减小,茅尾海潮流流速和潮差减小,潮量减小1.30%～1.53%,半交换周期增加51 h,潮流动力及水体交换能力均有所减弱。
Since 2005,nearly 3000 hm~2 water area were reclaimed in Qinzhou bay,change of shoreline is very significant.By a 2 D numerical simulation of tidal current in Qinzhou bay,influence of shoreline change on dynamics and water exchange in Maowei sea,upstream of Qinzhou bay were discussed form aspect of tide current characteristics,tidal flux and water change,etc.Among them,the exchange period of water is characterized by a half exchange time of total load,to avoid the deviation caused by position of sampling points in single point concentration half exchange time,and the deviation caused by water volume difference at different tide period in average concentration half exchange time.The results show that:by the change of shoreline,mouth of Qinzhou bay narrowed further and tidal volume of it decreased; to the Maowei sea,the tidal range and flow velocity decreased,the tidal flux diminished 1.30 %～1.53 %,and the half-exchange period increased 51 hours,the tide and water exchange capacity were weakened.
Since 2005,nearly 3000 hm~2 water area were reclaimed in Qinzhou bay,change of shoreline is very significant.By a 2 D numerical simulation of tidal current in Qinzhou bay,influence of shoreline change on dynamics and water exchange in Maowei sea,upstream of Qinzhou bay were discussed form aspect of tide current characteristics,tidal flux and water change,etc.Among them,the exchange period of water is characterized by a half exchange time of total load,to avoid the deviation caused by position of sampling points in single point concentration half exchange time,and the deviation caused by water volume difference at different tide period in average concentration half exchange time.The results show that:by the change of shoreline,mouth of Qinzhou bay narrowed further and tidal volume of it decreased; to the Maowei sea,the tidal range and flow velocity decreased,the tidal flux diminished 1.30 %～1.53 %,and the half-exchange period increased 51 hours,the tide and water exchange capacity were weakened.
引文
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[2] 陈振华,夏长水,乔方利.钦州湾水交换能力数值模拟研究[J].海洋学报,2017,39(3):14-23.
[3] 宋德海,鲍献文,朱学明.基于FVCOM的钦州湾三维潮流数值模拟[J].热带海洋学报,2009,28(2):7-14.
[4] 刘亚飞,娄安刚,孟云.岸线地形变化对环渤海排污口临近海域水交换能力的影响[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(5):719-725,753.
[5] 吕婷,苏博,王佳莹,等.海洋工程影响下莱州湾海域水动力环境变化特征[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(4):571-577.
[6] 刘锦怡,陈斯典,江天久.海洋生态环境承载力研究——以深圳东部海域为例[J].海洋环境科学,2017,36(4):560-565.
[7] 季荣耀,陆永军,左利钦.岛屿海岸工程作用下的水沙动力过程研究[J].水科学进展,2008,19(5):640-649.
[8] LIN H Y,CHEN ZZ,HU J Y,et al.Numerical simulation of the hydrodynamics and water exchange in Sansha Bay[J].Ocean Engineering,2017,139:85-94.
[9] CORRAL L R,SCHLING M.The impact of shoreline stabilization on economic growth in small island developing states[J].Journal of Environmental Economics and Management,2017,86:210-228.
[10] NATESAN U,RAJALAKSHMI P R,FERRER V A.Shoreline dynamics and littoral transport around the tidal inlet atPulicat,southeast coast of India[J].Continental Shelf Research,2014,80:49-56.
[11] 张坤,娄安刚,孟云,等.钦州湾海域纳潮量和水交换能力的数值模拟研究[J].海洋环境科学,2014,33(4):585-591.
[12] 董德信,李谊纯,陈宪云,等.大规模填海工程对钦州湾水动力环境的影响[J].广西科学,2014,21(4):357-364,639.
[13] 孙永根,高俊国,朱晓明.钦州保税港区填海造地工程对海洋环境的影响[J].海洋科学,2012,36(12):84-89.
[14] 王玉海,王崇浩,刘大滨,等.钦州湾水道稳定性的初步研究[J].水运工程,2010(8):76-80.
[15] 李逸聪,王义刚,黄惠明.湾口围填海对钦州湾水动力环境的影响[J].水运工程,2017(3):44-50.
[16] DHI Water & Environment.MIKE 21 NSW on model validation[M].H?rsholm,Denmark:DHI Water & Environment,2002.
[17] 杨莉玲,宋利祥,邓军涛,等.一、二维耦合数学模型在感潮河网洪水风险图编制中的应用[J].长江科学院院报,2017,34(9):36-40.
[18] LUFF R,POHLMANN T.Calculation of water exchange times in the ICES-boxes with aeulerian dispersion model using a half-life time approach[J].Deutsche Hydrografische Zeitschrift,1995,47(4):287-299.