植物病原棒形杆菌属分类最新进展
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摘要
植物病原棒形杆菌属Clavibacter的分类随着研究的深入和鉴定技术水平的不断进步一直在发生着变化,之前普遍认可的观点为该属仅含有1个种,即密执安棒形杆菌C. michiganensis,种下又分为5个亚种,分别为密执安亚种C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis、诡橘亚种C. michiganensis subsp. insidiosus、尼布拉斯加亚种C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis、环腐亚种C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus和花叶亚种C. michiganensis subsp. tessellarius。最近几年又有4个新亚种陆续被报道,分别为菜豆亚种C. michiganensis subsp. phaseoli、辣椒亚种C. michiganensis subsp. capsici、加利福尼亚亚种C. michiganensis subsp. californiensis和智利亚种C. michiganensis subsp. chilensis。随着全基因组分析和多基因分析技术在细菌分类上的应用,之前被广泛认可的4个亚种(诡橘亚种、尼布拉斯加亚种、环腐亚种和花叶亚种)及新亚种辣椒亚种也曾被建议定义为种,即C. insidiosus、C. nebraskensis、C. sepedonicus、C. tessellarius和C. capsici。为便于研究人员了解该属最新的分类研究现状,本文对植物病原棒形杆菌属的分类历史及最新分类现状进行了系统梳理,期望为该属病原菌的风险评估、检测鉴定等研究提供分类学参考。
The classification of plant pathogen Clavibacter keeps changing with the deepening of the research on plant pathogenic bacteria, as well as new classification proposals reported in recent years. Until now Clavibacter michiganensis is the only species in Clavibacter, which contains five subspecies: C.michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, C. michiganensis subsp. insidiosus, C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and C. michiganensis subsp. tessellarius, respectively.Recently, four new subspecies named as C. michiganensis subsp. phaseoli, C. michiganensis subsp. capsici, C. michiganensis subsp. californiensis and C. michiganensis subsp. chilensis were reported. According to the genome analysis and multilocus sequence analysis, the four previously widely accepted subspecies and C. michiganensis subsp. capsici were proposed to be reclassified as C. insidiosus, C. nebraskensis, C. sepedonicus, C. tessellarius and C. capsici, respectively. In this paper, the taxonomy of and recent advances in Clavibacter were reviewed based on the latest research. We hope it can provide useful information for the study of risk analysis and pathogen detection of Clavibacter.
The classification of plant pathogen Clavibacter keeps changing with the deepening of the research on plant pathogenic bacteria, as well as new classification proposals reported in recent years. Until now Clavibacter michiganensis is the only species in Clavibacter, which contains five subspecies: C.michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, C. michiganensis subsp. insidiosus, C. michiganensis subsp. nebraskensis, C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus and C. michiganensis subsp. tessellarius, respectively.Recently, four new subspecies named as C. michiganensis subsp. phaseoli, C. michiganensis subsp. capsici, C. michiganensis subsp. californiensis and C. michiganensis subsp. chilensis were reported. According to the genome analysis and multilocus sequence analysis, the four previously widely accepted subspecies and C. michiganensis subsp. capsici were proposed to be reclassified as C. insidiosus, C. nebraskensis, C. sepedonicus, C. tessellarius and C. capsici, respectively. In this paper, the taxonomy of and recent advances in Clavibacter were reviewed based on the latest research. We hope it can provide useful information for the study of risk analysis and pathogen detection of Clavibacter.
引文
Bach HJ,Jessen I,Schloter M,Munch JC.2003.A TaqMan-PCR protocol for quantification and differentiation of the phytopathogenic Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies.Journal of Microbiological Methods,52(1):85-91
Biddle JA,McGee DC,Braun EJ.1990.Seed transmission of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.nebraskensis in corn.Plant Disease,74(11):908-911
Carlson RR,Vidaver AK.1982.Bacterial mosaic,a new corynebacterial disease of wheat.Plant Disease,66(1):76-79
Chan JZM,Halachev MR,Loman NJ,Constantinidou C,Pallen MJ.2012.Defining bacterial species in the genomic era:insights from the genus Acinetobacter.BMC Microbiology,12:302
Close R,Mulcock AP.1972.Bacterial wilt,Corynebacterium insidiosum(McCulloch,1925)Jensen,1934 of lucerne in New Zealand.New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,15(1):141-148
Cormack MW.1961.Longevity of the bacterial wilt organism in alfalfa hay,pod debris,and seed.Phytopathology,51(4):260-261
Davis MJ,Gillaspie AGJ,Vidaver AK,Harris RW.1984.Clavibacter:a new genus containing some phytopathogenic coryneform bacteria,including Clavibacter xyli subsp.xyli sp.nov.subsp.nov.and Clavibacter xyli subsp.cynodontis subsp.nov.pathogens that cause ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane and bermudagrass stunting disease.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,34(2):107-117
Eichenlaub R,Gartemann KH.2011.The Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies:molecular investigation of gram-positive bacterial plant pathogens.Annual Review of Phytopathology,49:445-464
Eichenlaub R,Gartemann KH,Burger A.2006.Clavibacter michiganensis,a group of Gram-positive phytopathogenic bacteria.//Gnanamanickam SS.Plant-associated bacteria.Dordrecht:Springer Netherlands,pp.385-421
EPPO.2013.PM 7/42(2)Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.OEPP/EPPO Bulletin,43(1):46-67
Evtushenko LI,Dorofeeva LV,Subbotin SA,Cole JR,Tiedje J.2000.Leifsonia poae gen.nov.,sp.nov.,isolated from nematode galls on Poa annua,and reclassification of?Corynebacterium aquaticum?Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica(ex Leifson 1962)gen.nov.,nom.rev.,comb.nov.and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al.1984 with two subspecies as Leifsonia xyli(Davis et al.1984)gen.nov.,comb.nov.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,50(1):371-380
Fahy PC,Persley GJ.1983.Plant bacterial diseases:a diagnostic guide.Sydney:Academic Press,pp.51-54
Fatmi M,Schaad NW.1988.Semiselective agar medium for isolation of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.michiganense from tomato seed.Phytopathology,78(1):121-126
Firrao G,Locci R.1994.Identification of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus using polymerase chain reaction.Canadian Journal of Microbiology,40(2):148-151
Gartemann KH,Abt B,Bekel T,Burger A,Engemann J,Flügel M,Gaigalat L,Goesmann A,Gr?fen I,Kalinowski J,et al.2008.The genome sequence of the tomato-pathogenic actinomycete Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis NCPPB382 reveals a large island involved in pathogenicity.Journal of Bacteriology,190(6):2138-2149
Gleason ML,Gitaitis RD,Ricker MD,1993.Recent progress in understanding and controlling bacterial canker of tomato in eastern North America.Plant Disease,77(11):1069-1076
González AJ,Trapiello E.2014.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.phaseoli subsp.nov.,pathogenic in bean.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,64(5):1752-1755
He YX,Zhang RX,Bai YJ,LüDQ,Hu LS,Yu DC,Li XZ.2004.Progress in diagnosis for potato ring rot.Chinese Potato Journal,(3):159-162(in Chinese)[何云霞,张儒喜,白艳菊,吕典秋,胡林双,于德才,李学湛.2004.马铃薯环腐病菌鉴定检测技术研究进展.中国马铃薯,(3):159-162]
Hunt OJ,Griffin GD,Murray JJ,Pederson MW,Peaden RN.1971.The effects of root knot nematodes on bacterial wilt in alfalfa.Phytopathology,61(3):256-259
Jacques MA,Durand K,Orgeur G,Balidas S,Fricot C,Bonneau S,QuillévéréA,Audusseau C,Olivier V,Grimault V,et al.2012.Phylogenetic analysis and polyphasic characterization of Clavibacter michiganensis strains isolated from tomato seeds reveal that nonpathogenic strains are distinct from C.michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,78(23):8388-8402
Jahr H,Bahro R,Bruger A,Ahlemeyer J,Eichenlaub R.1999.Interactions between Clavibacter michiganensis and its host plants.Environmental Microbiology,1(2):113-118
Kaneshiro WS,Alvarez AM.2001.Specificity of PCR and ELISA assays for hypovirulent and avirulent Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.Phytopathology,91(S):46
Kaneshiro WS,Mizumoto CY,Alvarez AM.2006.Differentiation of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis from seedborne saprophytes using ELISA,Biolog and 16s rDNA sequencing.European Journal of Plant Pathology,116(1):45-56
Krieg NR,Holt JG.1984.Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology.Volume 1:the Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic bacteria.London:Williams&Wilkins,pp.964
Latin R,Tikhonova I,Rane K.1995.First report of bacterial canker of pepper in Indiana.Plant Disease,79(8):860
Lewis Ivey ML,Miller SA.2000.First report of bacterial canker of pepper in Ohio.Plant Disease,84(7):810
Li X,Tambong J,Yuan K,Chen W,Xu HM,Lévesque CA,De Boer SH.2018.Re-classification of Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies on the basis of whole-genome and multi-locus sequence analyses.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,68(1):234-240
Malvick D,Syverson R,Mollov D,Ishimaru CA.2010.Goss’s bacterial blight and wilt of corn caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.nebraskensis occurs in Minnesota.Plant Disease,94(8):1064
Meier-Kolthoff JP,Auch AF,Klenk HP,G?ker M.2013.Genome sequence-based species delimitation with confidence intervals and improved distance functions.BMC Bioinformatics,14(1):60
Németh J,Laszlo E,Em?dy L.1991.Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.insidiosus in lucerne seeds.EPPO Bulletin,21(4):713-718
Oh EJ,Bae C,Lee HB,Hwang IS,Lee HI,Yea MC,Yim KO,Lee S,Heu S,Cha JS,et al.2016.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.capsici subsp.nov.,causing bacterial canker disease in pepper.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,66(10):4065-4070
Oren A,Garrity GM.2018.Notification that new names of prokaryotes,new combinations,and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 68,part 1,of the IJSEM.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,68(4):979-981
Pastrik KH.2000.Detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus in potato tubers by multiplex PCR with coamplification of host DNA.European Journal of Plant Pathology,106(2):155-165
Ren XZ.1994.Classification and identification of plant pathogenic bacteria.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.198-203(in Chinese)[任欣正.1994.植物病原细菌的分类和鉴定.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.198-203]
Richter M,Rosselló-Móra R.2009.Shifting the genomic gold standard for the prokaryotic species definition.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,106(45):19126-19131
Rossi-Tamisier M,Benamar S,Raoult D,Fournier PE.2015.Cautionary tale of using 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values in identification of human-associated bacterial species.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,65(6):1929-1934
Schuster ML,Smith CC,Smith DJ.1983.Population trends of epiphytic Corynebacterium nebraskense on leaves of popcorn genotypes.Fitopatologia Brasileira,8(2):237-242
Smidt M,Vidaver AK.1986.Population dynamics of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.nebraskense in field-grown dent corn and popcorn.Plant Disease,70(11):1031-1036
Stackebrandt E,Ebers J.2006.Taxonomic parameters revisited:tarnished gold standards.Microbiology Today,33:152-155
Stackebrandt E,Goebel BM.1994.Taxonomic note:a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,44(4):846-849
Trapiello E,González AJ.2012.Diversity of culturable bacteria and occurrence of phytopathogenic species in bean seeds(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)preserved in a germplasm bank.Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,59(8):1597-1603
Vidaver AK,Mandel M.1974.Corynebacterium nebraskense,a new,orange-pigmented phytopathogenic species.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,24(4):482-485
Wang JS.2000.Plant pathogen bacteriology.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.87-56(in Chinese)[王金生.2000.植物病原细菌学.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.87-56]
Yasuhara-Bell J,Alvarez AM.2015.Seed-associated subspecies of the genus Clavibacter are clearly distinguishable from Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,65(3):811-826
Yasuhara-Ball J,Kubota R,Jenkins DM,Alvarez AM.2013.Loop-mediated amplification of the Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis micA gene is highly specific.Phytopathology,103(12):1220-1226
Yim KO,Lee HI,Kim JH,Lee SD,Cho JH,Cha JS.2012.Characterization of phenotypic variants of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis isolated from Capsicum annuum.European Journal of Plant Pathology,133(3):559-575
Yin YN,Zhang XM,Guo JH.2006.Bacterial diseases of winter wheat.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,(6):159-162(in Chinese)[尹燕妮,张晓梅,郭坚华.2006.小麦的细菌性病害.江苏农业科学,(6):159-162]
Zaluga J,Heylen K,van Hoorde K,Hoste B,van Vaerenbergh J,Maes M,de Vos P.2011.GyrB sequence analysis and MALDI-TOFMS as identification tools for plant pathogenic Clavibacter.Systematic&Applied Microbiology,34(6):400-407
Zaluga J,van Vaerenbergh J,Stragier P,Maes M,de Vos P.2013.Genetic diversity of non-pathogenic Clavibacter strains isolated from tomato seeds.Systematic&Applied Microbiology,36(6):426-435
Zgurskaya HI,Evtushenko LI,Akimov VN,Kalakoutskii LV.1993.Rathayibacter gen.nov.,including the species Rathayibacter rathayi comb.nov.,Rathayibacter tritici comb.nov.,Rathayibacter iranicus comb.nov.,and six strains from annual grasses.International Journal of Systematic Systematic Bacteriology,43(1):143-149
Zhao WJ,Feng JJ.2017.Imported plant quarantine pests in China:bacteria volume.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.53-75(in Chinese)[赵文军,冯建军.2017.中国进境植物检疫性有害生物:细菌卷.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.53-75]
Zinniel DK,Lambrecht P,Harris NB,Feng ZY,Kuczmarski D,Higley P,Ishimaru CA,Arunakumari A,Barletta RG,Vidaver AK.2002.Isolation and characterization of endophytic colonizing bacteria from agronomic crops and prairie plants.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,68(5):2198-2208
Biddle JA,McGee DC,Braun EJ.1990.Seed transmission of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.nebraskensis in corn.Plant Disease,74(11):908-911
Carlson RR,Vidaver AK.1982.Bacterial mosaic,a new corynebacterial disease of wheat.Plant Disease,66(1):76-79
Chan JZM,Halachev MR,Loman NJ,Constantinidou C,Pallen MJ.2012.Defining bacterial species in the genomic era:insights from the genus Acinetobacter.BMC Microbiology,12:302
Close R,Mulcock AP.1972.Bacterial wilt,Corynebacterium insidiosum(McCulloch,1925)Jensen,1934 of lucerne in New Zealand.New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research,15(1):141-148
Cormack MW.1961.Longevity of the bacterial wilt organism in alfalfa hay,pod debris,and seed.Phytopathology,51(4):260-261
Davis MJ,Gillaspie AGJ,Vidaver AK,Harris RW.1984.Clavibacter:a new genus containing some phytopathogenic coryneform bacteria,including Clavibacter xyli subsp.xyli sp.nov.subsp.nov.and Clavibacter xyli subsp.cynodontis subsp.nov.pathogens that cause ratoon stunting disease of sugarcane and bermudagrass stunting disease.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,34(2):107-117
Eichenlaub R,Gartemann KH.2011.The Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies:molecular investigation of gram-positive bacterial plant pathogens.Annual Review of Phytopathology,49:445-464
Eichenlaub R,Gartemann KH,Burger A.2006.Clavibacter michiganensis,a group of Gram-positive phytopathogenic bacteria.//Gnanamanickam SS.Plant-associated bacteria.Dordrecht:Springer Netherlands,pp.385-421
EPPO.2013.PM 7/42(2)Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.OEPP/EPPO Bulletin,43(1):46-67
Evtushenko LI,Dorofeeva LV,Subbotin SA,Cole JR,Tiedje J.2000.Leifsonia poae gen.nov.,sp.nov.,isolated from nematode galls on Poa annua,and reclassification of?Corynebacterium aquaticum?Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica(ex Leifson 1962)gen.nov.,nom.rev.,comb.nov.and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al.1984 with two subspecies as Leifsonia xyli(Davis et al.1984)gen.nov.,comb.nov.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,50(1):371-380
Fahy PC,Persley GJ.1983.Plant bacterial diseases:a diagnostic guide.Sydney:Academic Press,pp.51-54
Fatmi M,Schaad NW.1988.Semiselective agar medium for isolation of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.michiganense from tomato seed.Phytopathology,78(1):121-126
Firrao G,Locci R.1994.Identification of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus using polymerase chain reaction.Canadian Journal of Microbiology,40(2):148-151
Gartemann KH,Abt B,Bekel T,Burger A,Engemann J,Flügel M,Gaigalat L,Goesmann A,Gr?fen I,Kalinowski J,et al.2008.The genome sequence of the tomato-pathogenic actinomycete Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis NCPPB382 reveals a large island involved in pathogenicity.Journal of Bacteriology,190(6):2138-2149
Gleason ML,Gitaitis RD,Ricker MD,1993.Recent progress in understanding and controlling bacterial canker of tomato in eastern North America.Plant Disease,77(11):1069-1076
González AJ,Trapiello E.2014.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.phaseoli subsp.nov.,pathogenic in bean.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,64(5):1752-1755
He YX,Zhang RX,Bai YJ,LüDQ,Hu LS,Yu DC,Li XZ.2004.Progress in diagnosis for potato ring rot.Chinese Potato Journal,(3):159-162(in Chinese)[何云霞,张儒喜,白艳菊,吕典秋,胡林双,于德才,李学湛.2004.马铃薯环腐病菌鉴定检测技术研究进展.中国马铃薯,(3):159-162]
Hunt OJ,Griffin GD,Murray JJ,Pederson MW,Peaden RN.1971.The effects of root knot nematodes on bacterial wilt in alfalfa.Phytopathology,61(3):256-259
Jacques MA,Durand K,Orgeur G,Balidas S,Fricot C,Bonneau S,QuillévéréA,Audusseau C,Olivier V,Grimault V,et al.2012.Phylogenetic analysis and polyphasic characterization of Clavibacter michiganensis strains isolated from tomato seeds reveal that nonpathogenic strains are distinct from C.michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.Applied and Environmental Microbiology,78(23):8388-8402
Jahr H,Bahro R,Bruger A,Ahlemeyer J,Eichenlaub R.1999.Interactions between Clavibacter michiganensis and its host plants.Environmental Microbiology,1(2):113-118
Kaneshiro WS,Alvarez AM.2001.Specificity of PCR and ELISA assays for hypovirulent and avirulent Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.Phytopathology,91(S):46
Kaneshiro WS,Mizumoto CY,Alvarez AM.2006.Differentiation of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis from seedborne saprophytes using ELISA,Biolog and 16s rDNA sequencing.European Journal of Plant Pathology,116(1):45-56
Krieg NR,Holt JG.1984.Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology.Volume 1:the Archaea and the deeply branching and phototrophic bacteria.London:Williams&Wilkins,pp.964
Latin R,Tikhonova I,Rane K.1995.First report of bacterial canker of pepper in Indiana.Plant Disease,79(8):860
Lewis Ivey ML,Miller SA.2000.First report of bacterial canker of pepper in Ohio.Plant Disease,84(7):810
Li X,Tambong J,Yuan K,Chen W,Xu HM,Lévesque CA,De Boer SH.2018.Re-classification of Clavibacter michiganensis subspecies on the basis of whole-genome and multi-locus sequence analyses.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,68(1):234-240
Malvick D,Syverson R,Mollov D,Ishimaru CA.2010.Goss’s bacterial blight and wilt of corn caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.nebraskensis occurs in Minnesota.Plant Disease,94(8):1064
Meier-Kolthoff JP,Auch AF,Klenk HP,G?ker M.2013.Genome sequence-based species delimitation with confidence intervals and improved distance functions.BMC Bioinformatics,14(1):60
Németh J,Laszlo E,Em?dy L.1991.Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.insidiosus in lucerne seeds.EPPO Bulletin,21(4):713-718
Oh EJ,Bae C,Lee HB,Hwang IS,Lee HI,Yea MC,Yim KO,Lee S,Heu S,Cha JS,et al.2016.Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.capsici subsp.nov.,causing bacterial canker disease in pepper.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,66(10):4065-4070
Oren A,Garrity GM.2018.Notification that new names of prokaryotes,new combinations,and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 68,part 1,of the IJSEM.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,68(4):979-981
Pastrik KH.2000.Detection of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.sepedonicus in potato tubers by multiplex PCR with coamplification of host DNA.European Journal of Plant Pathology,106(2):155-165
Ren XZ.1994.Classification and identification of plant pathogenic bacteria.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.198-203(in Chinese)[任欣正.1994.植物病原细菌的分类和鉴定.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.198-203]
Richter M,Rosselló-Móra R.2009.Shifting the genomic gold standard for the prokaryotic species definition.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,106(45):19126-19131
Rossi-Tamisier M,Benamar S,Raoult D,Fournier PE.2015.Cautionary tale of using 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values in identification of human-associated bacterial species.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,65(6):1929-1934
Schuster ML,Smith CC,Smith DJ.1983.Population trends of epiphytic Corynebacterium nebraskense on leaves of popcorn genotypes.Fitopatologia Brasileira,8(2):237-242
Smidt M,Vidaver AK.1986.Population dynamics of Clavibacter michiganense subsp.nebraskense in field-grown dent corn and popcorn.Plant Disease,70(11):1031-1036
Stackebrandt E,Ebers J.2006.Taxonomic parameters revisited:tarnished gold standards.Microbiology Today,33:152-155
Stackebrandt E,Goebel BM.1994.Taxonomic note:a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,44(4):846-849
Trapiello E,González AJ.2012.Diversity of culturable bacteria and occurrence of phytopathogenic species in bean seeds(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)preserved in a germplasm bank.Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution,59(8):1597-1603
Vidaver AK,Mandel M.1974.Corynebacterium nebraskense,a new,orange-pigmented phytopathogenic species.International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology,24(4):482-485
Wang JS.2000.Plant pathogen bacteriology.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.87-56(in Chinese)[王金生.2000.植物病原细菌学.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.87-56]
Yasuhara-Bell J,Alvarez AM.2015.Seed-associated subspecies of the genus Clavibacter are clearly distinguishable from Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis.International Journal of Systematic&Evolutionary Microbiology,65(3):811-826
Yasuhara-Ball J,Kubota R,Jenkins DM,Alvarez AM.2013.Loop-mediated amplification of the Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis micA gene is highly specific.Phytopathology,103(12):1220-1226
Yim KO,Lee HI,Kim JH,Lee SD,Cho JH,Cha JS.2012.Characterization of phenotypic variants of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp.michiganensis isolated from Capsicum annuum.European Journal of Plant Pathology,133(3):559-575
Yin YN,Zhang XM,Guo JH.2006.Bacterial diseases of winter wheat.Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,(6):159-162(in Chinese)[尹燕妮,张晓梅,郭坚华.2006.小麦的细菌性病害.江苏农业科学,(6):159-162]
Zaluga J,Heylen K,van Hoorde K,Hoste B,van Vaerenbergh J,Maes M,de Vos P.2011.GyrB sequence analysis and MALDI-TOFMS as identification tools for plant pathogenic Clavibacter.Systematic&Applied Microbiology,34(6):400-407
Zaluga J,van Vaerenbergh J,Stragier P,Maes M,de Vos P.2013.Genetic diversity of non-pathogenic Clavibacter strains isolated from tomato seeds.Systematic&Applied Microbiology,36(6):426-435
Zgurskaya HI,Evtushenko LI,Akimov VN,Kalakoutskii LV.1993.Rathayibacter gen.nov.,including the species Rathayibacter rathayi comb.nov.,Rathayibacter tritici comb.nov.,Rathayibacter iranicus comb.nov.,and six strains from annual grasses.International Journal of Systematic Systematic Bacteriology,43(1):143-149
Zhao WJ,Feng JJ.2017.Imported plant quarantine pests in China:bacteria volume.Beijing:China Agriculture Press,pp.53-75(in Chinese)[赵文军,冯建军.2017.中国进境植物检疫性有害生物:细菌卷.北京:中国农业出版社,pp.53-75]
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