炼油化工科技成果转化激励机制研究
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摘要
为了加快炼油化工科技成果转化,中国石油石油化工研究院开展了科技成果转化激励机制研究。依据国家推动成果转化相关法规政策,调研分析国内外相关公司和科研机构在科技成果转化方面的做法,按中国石油成果转化管理工作要求,结合石化院实际,提出了持续提高科研成果转化效率、加大成果转化激励的方案建议。科研成果转化是一项复杂的系统工程,需要做好市场调研以确保研究方向与市场需求精准对接,建立成果评价体系以准确判定成果转化可行性,建立技术推广协调平台以加快成果转化。针对技术转让许可类、科研试产品生产销售类、许可生产与销售类3类科技成果,制定了相应的奖励激励措施。研究指出要逐步探索突破工资总额限制,建立以市场为导向、分阶段实施的科研成果转化激励运行机制,其中第一阶段为调整现有管理模式,第二阶段为建立创新孵化平台。
To accelerate transformation of oil-refining and chemical technological achievements, PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute has made a study of incentive mechanism for transformation of technological achievements. Based on the country's related laws and policies to accelerate transformation of achievements, the research institute investigates and analyzes the methods for transformation of technological achievements used by Chinese and foreign companies and research institutions. In accordance with CNPC's requirements on transformation work, it comes up with the suggestions on the plans for continual improvement of transformation efficiency and enlargement of transformation incentives. Transformation of technological achievements is a complicated systematic project that calls for market investigation to ensure precise connection between research direction and market demand. It is necessary to establish the achievement-assessing system to accurately identify the transformation feasibility, with a technology promoting and coordinating platform to accelerate transformation of achievements. The different rewarding and incentive measures should be taken for three classifications of technological achievements--technological transfer licenses, production and marketing of trial scientific research products, and licensed production and marketing. Total wage limitations should be gradually lifted to establish the market-oriented incentive operational mechanism for transformation of research achievements at various stages. Of that, the first stage aims at adjustment of the existing management model and the second stages is to establish the innovative incubation platform.
To accelerate transformation of oil-refining and chemical technological achievements, PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute has made a study of incentive mechanism for transformation of technological achievements. Based on the country's related laws and policies to accelerate transformation of achievements, the research institute investigates and analyzes the methods for transformation of technological achievements used by Chinese and foreign companies and research institutions. In accordance with CNPC's requirements on transformation work, it comes up with the suggestions on the plans for continual improvement of transformation efficiency and enlargement of transformation incentives. Transformation of technological achievements is a complicated systematic project that calls for market investigation to ensure precise connection between research direction and market demand. It is necessary to establish the achievement-assessing system to accurately identify the transformation feasibility, with a technology promoting and coordinating platform to accelerate transformation of achievements. The different rewarding and incentive measures should be taken for three classifications of technological achievements--technological transfer licenses, production and marketing of trial scientific research products, and licensed production and marketing. Total wage limitations should be gradually lifted to establish the market-oriented incentive operational mechanism for transformation of research achievements at various stages. Of that, the first stage aims at adjustment of the existing management model and the second stages is to establish the innovative incubation platform.
引文
[1]国务院关于印发实施《中华人民共和国促进科技成果转化法》若干规定的通知[EB/OL].(2016-02-26).http://www.most.gov.cn/tztg/201603/t20160303_124393.htm.Circular from the State Council on printing,issuance and implementation of regulations for“Law of the People’s Republic of China to Promote transformation of technological achievements”[EB/OL].(2016-02-26).http://www.most.gov.cn/tztg/201603/t20160303_124393.htm.
[2]中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于实行以增加知识价值为导向分配政策的若干意见》[EB/OL].(2016-11-07).http://www.most.gov.cn/yw/201611/t20161108_128744.htm.“Opinions on Implementation of Distribution Policies Oriented at Higher Knowledge Value”printed and issued by General Office of the Central Committee of CCP and General Office of the State Council[EB/OL].(2016-11-07).http://www.most.gov.cn/yw/201611/t20161108_128744.htm.
[3]本市将明确科技成果转化奖励标准,科技成果转让奖励不低于转让净收入70%[EB/OL].(2019-06-04).http://www.beijing.gov.cn/ywdt/gzdt/t1589812.htm.This city will clarify the prizing standards of technological achievements transformation.The prize for transfer of technological achievements should be no less than 70 percent of the net income from transfer[EB/OL].(2019-06-04).http://www.beijing.gov.cn/ywdt/gzdt/t1589812.htm.
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[6]白振瑞,卢雪梅,李颖.国外公司科技创新特点和路径及对我们的启示[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(4):58-63.Bai Zhenrui,Lu Xuemei,Li Ying.Technological innovation characteristics of foreign companies[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(4):58-63.
[7]杨虹,袁磊,方小翠.多渠道、多方式促进科研成果向生产转移--国外石油企业实践经验的总结与认识[J].国际石油经济,2012,20(S1):134-138.Yang Hong,Yuan Lei,Fang Xiaocui,et al.Accelerate shift of research achievements towards production through a multiple of channels and methods--summing up and understanding of practical experiences from foreign petroleum enterprises[J].International Petroleum Economics,2012,20(S1):134-138.
[8]卢雪梅,杨国丰,李明岩.法国石油研究院科研成果转化路径研究[J].石油科技论坛,2015,34(1):58-62.Lu Xuemei,Yang Guofeng,Li Mingyan.Analysis of IFPEN’s model for transformation of R&D achievements[J].Oil Forum,2015,34(1):58-62.
[9]袁磊,陈伟,司云波,等.央企科研项目收益分红激励现状分析与建议[J].石油科技论坛,2018,37(5):14-18.Yuan Lei,Chen Wei,Si Yunbo,et al.Research on incentive mechanism of income dividend from science and technology projects of state-owned enterprises[J].Oil Forum,2018,37(5):14-18.
[10]陈娟利,刘亚旭,佘伟军,等.科技成果转化推广激励机制研究[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(3):15-18.Chen Juanli,Liu Yaxu,She Weijun,et al.Study of stimulation mechanism for conversion and extension of technological results[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(3):15-18.
[2]中共中央办公厅国务院办公厅印发《关于实行以增加知识价值为导向分配政策的若干意见》[EB/OL].(2016-11-07).http://www.most.gov.cn/yw/201611/t20161108_128744.htm.“Opinions on Implementation of Distribution Policies Oriented at Higher Knowledge Value”printed and issued by General Office of the Central Committee of CCP and General Office of the State Council[EB/OL].(2016-11-07).http://www.most.gov.cn/yw/201611/t20161108_128744.htm.
[3]本市将明确科技成果转化奖励标准,科技成果转让奖励不低于转让净收入70%[EB/OL].(2019-06-04).http://www.beijing.gov.cn/ywdt/gzdt/t1589812.htm.This city will clarify the prizing standards of technological achievements transformation.The prize for transfer of technological achievements should be no less than 70 percent of the net income from transfer[EB/OL].(2019-06-04).http://www.beijing.gov.cn/ywdt/gzdt/t1589812.htm.
[4]上海市人民政府办公厅关于印发《关于进一步促进科技成果转移转化的实施意见》的通知[EB/OL].(2019-03-13).http://cgzh.dhu.edu.cn/35/8f/c16309a210319/page.htm.Circular from General Office of Shanghai People’s Government on printing and issuance of“Implementation Opinions on Further Promotion of Technological Achievements Transfer and Transformation”[EB/OL].(2019-03-13).http://cgzh.dhu.edu.cn/35/8f/c16309a210319/page.htm.
[5]中科院大连化物所关于印发《大连化物所对外投资及收益管理办法》的通知[EB/OL].(2017-01-14).http://www.dicp.cas.cn/xwdt/tzggs/2017/201809/t20180930_5119608.html.Circular from CAS Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics on printing and issuance of“Managerial Methods of Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics for Foreign Investment and Revenues”[EB/OL].(2017-01-14).http://www.dicp.cas.cn/xwdt/tzggs/2017/201809/t20180930_5119608.html.
[6]白振瑞,卢雪梅,李颖.国外公司科技创新特点和路径及对我们的启示[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(4):58-63.Bai Zhenrui,Lu Xuemei,Li Ying.Technological innovation characteristics of foreign companies[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(4):58-63.
[7]杨虹,袁磊,方小翠.多渠道、多方式促进科研成果向生产转移--国外石油企业实践经验的总结与认识[J].国际石油经济,2012,20(S1):134-138.Yang Hong,Yuan Lei,Fang Xiaocui,et al.Accelerate shift of research achievements towards production through a multiple of channels and methods--summing up and understanding of practical experiences from foreign petroleum enterprises[J].International Petroleum Economics,2012,20(S1):134-138.
[8]卢雪梅,杨国丰,李明岩.法国石油研究院科研成果转化路径研究[J].石油科技论坛,2015,34(1):58-62.Lu Xuemei,Yang Guofeng,Li Mingyan.Analysis of IFPEN’s model for transformation of R&D achievements[J].Oil Forum,2015,34(1):58-62.
[9]袁磊,陈伟,司云波,等.央企科研项目收益分红激励现状分析与建议[J].石油科技论坛,2018,37(5):14-18.Yuan Lei,Chen Wei,Si Yunbo,et al.Research on incentive mechanism of income dividend from science and technology projects of state-owned enterprises[J].Oil Forum,2018,37(5):14-18.
[10]陈娟利,刘亚旭,佘伟军,等.科技成果转化推广激励机制研究[J].石油科技论坛,2016,35(3):15-18.Chen Juanli,Liu Yaxu,She Weijun,et al.Study of stimulation mechanism for conversion and extension of technological results[J].Oil Forum,2016,35(3):15-18.