溞类急性毒性试验中阳性参比毒物的筛选
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摘要
以硫酸锌、硫酸镉和苯酚作为受试毒物,以大型溞为受试生物,开展了急性毒性试验中阳性参比毒物的筛选试验,测定了反应24和48 h后各浓度参比毒物中大型溞的抑制率,确定硫酸锌和硫酸镉可作为大型溞急性毒性试验的阳性参比毒物。硫酸锌的24 hEC_(50)和48 hEC_(50)分别为3.936和2.782 mg/L,硫酸镉的24 hEC_(50)和48 hEC_(50)分别为0.745和0.356 mg/L,为今后溞类毒性试验的开展提供参考和依据。
Using zinc sulfate, cadmium sulfate and phenol as test toxic substances, Daphnia magna was selected as subjects test organism to conduct a screening study on positive reference toxic substances in acute toxicity test. The inhibition rates of test toxic substances at each concentration level to D. magna after 24 and 48 hours were recorded. And the results showed zinc sulfate and cadmium sulfate could be used as positive reference toxic substances for the acute toxicity tests of daphnia. 24 h EC_(50) and 48 h EC_(50) of zinc sulfate to D. magna were 3.936 and 2.782 mg/L respectively. 24 h EC_(50) and 48 h EC_(50) of cadmium sulfate to D. magna were 0.745 and 0.356 mg/L respectively. This research provided reference and basis for conducting the toxicity tests of daphnia in the future.
Using zinc sulfate, cadmium sulfate and phenol as test toxic substances, Daphnia magna was selected as subjects test organism to conduct a screening study on positive reference toxic substances in acute toxicity test. The inhibition rates of test toxic substances at each concentration level to D. magna after 24 and 48 hours were recorded. And the results showed zinc sulfate and cadmium sulfate could be used as positive reference toxic substances for the acute toxicity tests of daphnia. 24 h EC_(50) and 48 h EC_(50) of zinc sulfate to D. magna were 3.936 and 2.782 mg/L respectively. 24 h EC_(50) and 48 h EC_(50) of cadmium sulfate to D. magna were 0.745 and 0.356 mg/L respectively. This research provided reference and basis for conducting the toxicity tests of daphnia in the future.
引文
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[2] HODDINOTT K B H.Superfund risk assessment in soil contamination studies:3rd volume[M].USA:ASTM International,1998:100-108.
[3] 周艳,徐建,冯艳红,等.污染场地河道底泥浸出液对斑马鱼胚胎的毒性效应[J].生态毒理学报,2013,8(6):963-971.
[4] 宋晓威,徐建,张孝飞,等.废弃农药厂污染场地浅层地下水生态毒性诊断研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2011,30(1):42-48.
[5] 国家环境保护总局.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:721.
[6] BIESINGER K E,ANDERSON L E,EATON J G.Chronic effects of inorganic and organic mercury on Daphnia magna:Toxicity,accumulation,and loss[J].Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology,1982,11(6):769-774.
[7] 潘力军,高世荣,孙凤英,等.应用大型水蚤和斑马鱼对几种工业废水和生活污水的毒性监测[J].环境科学与管理,2007,32(2):180-183.
[8] 杨灿,沈根祥,胡双庆,等.氯霉素对大型溞的急性和慢性毒性效应研究[J].生态毒理学报,2018,13(5):248-255.
[9] International Organization for Standardization.Water quality-Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna Straus(Cladocera,Crustacea)-Acute toxicity test:ISO 6341—2012[S].Switzerland:IHS,2012.
[10] 国家环境保护总局.水生生物监测手册[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1993:70.