高锰酸钾改性小麦秸秆吸附Cd~(2+)的性能研究
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摘要
以高锰酸钾改性小麦秸秆为吸附剂吸附溶液中重金属离子Cd~(2+),并对其进行表征,研究pH、吸附时间、固液比、温度和解吸对其吸附Cd~(2+)的影响。结果表明,对4种不同浓度高锰酸钾改性小麦秸秆观察发现,0. 05 mol·L~(-1)高锰酸钾改性制备的小麦秸秆表面更加光滑,且带有较多负电荷,有利于提高对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能。改性小麦秸秆对Cd~(2+)的吸附在300 min后达到平衡,并符合拟二级动力学方程。当吸附溶液pH值为6,m(吸附剂)∶V(溶液)为1∶300时,吸附效果最佳。由Langmuir等温吸附方程拟合发现,0. 05 mol·L~(-1)高锰酸钾改性制备的吸附剂对Cd~(2+)的吸附量最大,为30. 21 mg·g~(-1),大于未改性小麦秸秆最佳吸附量(5. 7 mg·g~(-1)),结合解吸可知该吸附剂对Cd~(2+)的吸附具有较好稳定性。
Heavy metal ions Cd~(2+) were adsorbed by potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw. The modified wheat straw was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The effects of pH,adsorption time,solid-liquid ratio,and temperature of the solution and desorption on Cd~(2+) adsorption were also studied. Four different concentrations of potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw were observed. Results show that,compared with the surfaces of other concentrations,the surface of 0. 05 mol·L~(-1) potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw appeared smoother and had more negative charges. These outcomes were beneficial to improving the adsorption performance of Cd~(2+) . Moreover,the adsorption reached equilibrium at 300 min and fitted the pseudo two-order kinetic equation. The best adsorption effect was obtained when the pH of the modified wheat straw was 6,and the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶300. According to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation,the adsorbents prepared using the modified adsorbents of 0. 05 mol·L~(-1) had the largest adsorption capacity for Cd~(2+) (30. 21 mg·g~(-1)) far larger than the optimum adsorption capacity of the unmodified wheat straw(5. 7 mg·g~(-1)). The adsorbent has been found to have good stability for Cd~(2+) adsorption.
Heavy metal ions Cd~(2+) were adsorbed by potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw. The modified wheat straw was characterized by scanning electron microscopy,zeta potential,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.The effects of pH,adsorption time,solid-liquid ratio,and temperature of the solution and desorption on Cd~(2+) adsorption were also studied. Four different concentrations of potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw were observed. Results show that,compared with the surfaces of other concentrations,the surface of 0. 05 mol·L~(-1) potassium-permanganate-modified wheat straw appeared smoother and had more negative charges. These outcomes were beneficial to improving the adsorption performance of Cd~(2+) . Moreover,the adsorption reached equilibrium at 300 min and fitted the pseudo two-order kinetic equation. The best adsorption effect was obtained when the pH of the modified wheat straw was 6,and the solid-liquid ratio was 1∶300. According to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption equation,the adsorbents prepared using the modified adsorbents of 0. 05 mol·L~(-1) had the largest adsorption capacity for Cd~(2+) (30. 21 mg·g~(-1)) far larger than the optimum adsorption capacity of the unmodified wheat straw(5. 7 mg·g~(-1)). The adsorbent has been found to have good stability for Cd~(2+) adsorption.
引文
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[21]谢婧如,陈本寿,张进忠,等.巯基改性海泡石吸附水中的Hg(Ⅱ)[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2187-2194.[XIE Jing-ru,CHEN Ben-shou,ZHANG Jing-zhong,et al.Adsorption of Hg(Ⅱ)in Water by Sulfhydryl-Modified Sepiolite[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(6):2187-2194.]
[22]LIANG X F,XU Y M,WANG L,et al.Sorption of Pb2+ on Mercapto Functionalized Sepiolite[J].Chemosphere,2013,90(2):548-555.
[23]范丽君,陈思思,周岚,等.高锰酸钾改性汉麻对重金属离子镉的吸附性能研究[J].现代纺织技术,2017,25(3):37-39,64.[FAN Li-jun,CHEN Si-si,ZHOU Lan,et al.Adsorption Capacity of China-Hemp Modified by Potassium Permanganate on Heavy Metal Cadmium Ions[J].Advanced Textile Technology,2017,25(3):37-39,64.]
[24]ZHENG L C,DANG Z,YI X Y,et al.Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) From Aqueous Solution Using Modified Corn Stalk[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1/2/3):650-656.
[25]周建伟,黄艳芹.巯基泥炭对重金属离子吸附性能研究[J].精细化工,2000,17(12):741-743.[ZHOU Jian-wei,HUANG Yan-qin.Study of Specific Properties of Adsorption for Heavy Metal Ions on Sulfhydryl Peat[J].Fine Chemicals,2000,17(12):741-743.]
[2]张建梅.重金属废水处理技术研究进展(综述)[J].西安联合大学学报,2003,6(2):55-59.[ZHANG Jian-mei.Treatment Techniques of Wastewater With Heavy Metal[J].Journal of Xi'an United University,2003,6(2):55-59.]
[3]QIN Y C,GUAN X H,YIN R,et al.Preliminary Research on Cd2+ Removal From Wastewater by Sphaerotilus natans[J].Chemical Research in Chinese Universities,2005,21(6):654-657.
[4]钱勇.工业废水中重金属离子的常见处理方法[J].广州化工,2011,39(5):130-131,138.[QIAN Yong.The Common Processing Method of Heavy Metal Ion in Industrial Wastewater[J].Guangzhou Chemical Industry,2011,39(5):130-131,138.]
[5]MATHILDE R J,JANNE F R,SIGNE N,et al.Electrodialytic Removal of Cadmium From Wastewater Sludge[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2004,106(2/3):127-132.
[6]NADA A M A,EI-WAKIL N A,HASSAN M L,et al.Differential Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions by Cotton Stalk Cation-Exchangers Containing Multiple Functional Groups[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,2006,101(6):4124-4132.
[7]闫晓伟,尹洪斌,唐婉莹.热处理富钙海泡石对水体中砷的吸附特征[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(9):822-829.[YAN Xiao-wei,YIN Hong-bin,TANG Wan-ying.Arsenic Adsorption Behaviors of Heated Calcium-Rich Sepiolite in Water[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(9):822-829.]
[8]邓天天,马培,李晗晟.蒙脱石、铁氧化物及其复合体对水中As(Ⅲ)的吸附效果[J].生态与农村环境学报,2017,33(3):252-259.[DENG Tian-tian,MA Pei,LI Han-sheng,et al.As(Ⅲ)Adsorption Effects of Montmorillonite,Iron Oxides and Their Complex[J].Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment,2017,33(3):252-259.]
[9]丁春生,邹邦文,缪佳,等.高锰酸钾改性活性炭的表征及其吸附Cu2+的性能[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2012,43(5):2016-2022.[DING Chun-sheng,ZOU Bang-wen,MIAO Jia,et al.Characterization and Cu2+ Adsorption Capability of Activated Carbon Modified by KMnO4[J].Journal of Central South University,2012,43(5):2016-2022.]
[10]刘冰,马荣华,刘春涛,等.高锰酸钾改性活性炭的表征及吸附Cr(Ⅵ)性能的研究[J].化学试剂,2016,38(9):819-823.[LIU Bing,MA Rong-hua,LIU Chun-tao,et al.Characterization and Cr(Ⅵ) Adsorption Capability of Activated Carbon Modified With KMnO4[J].Chemical Reagents,2016,38(9):819-823.]
[11]王英惠,杨旻,胡林潮,等.不同温度制备的生物质炭对土壤有机碳矿化及腐殖质组成的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2013,32(8):1585-1591.[WANG Ying-hui,YANG Min,HULing-chao,et al.Effects of Biochar Amendments Synthesized at Varying Temperatures on Soil Organic Carbon Mineralization and Humus Composition[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2013,32(8):1585-1591.]
[12]高龙兰,刘玉环,罗爱香,等.KOH微波活化法处理竹炭的研究[J].林产化学与工业,2009,29(1):91-94.[GAO Long-lan,LIU Yu-huan,LUO Ai-xiang,et al.Study on Activation of Bamboo Charcoal by KOH-Microwave Method[J].Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products,2009,29(1):91-94.]
[13]郭悦,唐伟,代静玉,等.洗脱处理对生物质炭吸附铜离子行为的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(7):1405-1413.[GUO Yue,TANG Wei,DAI Jing-yu,et al.Influence of Elution of Biochar on Its Adsorption of Cu(Ⅱ)[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2014,33(7):1405-1413.]
[14]李仕友,胡忠清,廖建彪,等.高锰酸钾改性生物炭对U(Ⅵ)的吸附特性[J].安全与环境科学学报,2018,18(2):671-677.[LIShi-you,HU Zhong-qing,LIAO Jian-biao,et al.Adsorptive Capability of U(Ⅵ)on the Biochar Modified by KMnO4[J].Journal of Safety and Environmental Science,2018,18(2):671-677.]
[15]丁春生,诸钱芬,卢敬科,等.高锰酸钾改性活性炭的制备、表征及其吸附Pb2+的特性[J].城市环境与城市生态,2011,24(1):42-46.[DING Chun-sheng,ZHU Qian-fen,LU Jing-ke,et al.Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon Modified by KMnO4 and Its Pb2+ Adsorption Capability[J].Urban Environment&Urban Ecology,2011,24(1):42-46.]
[16]ARSLANOGLU H,AITUNDOGAN H S,TUMEN F,et al.Heavy Metals Binding Properties of Esterified Lemon[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,164(2/3):1406-1413.
[17]李青竹,覃文庆,柴立元,等.巯基化改性麦糟对Zn(Ⅱ)的吸附特性[J].中国有色金属学报,2014,24(4):1076-1083.[LI Qing-zhu,QIN Wen-qing,CHAI Li-yuan,et al.Adsorption Characteristics of Zn(Ⅱ) on Thiol-Functionalized Spent Grain[J].The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,2014,24(4):1076-1083.]
[18]HAN R P,ZOU W H,ZHANG Z P,et al.Removal of Copper(Ⅱ) and Lead(Ⅱ)From Aqueous Solution by Manganese Oxide Coated Sand I.Characterization and Kinetic Study[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,137(1):384-395.
[19]李楠.高锰酸钾改性鸡蛋壳对水中铜离子的吸附机理研究[J].山西建筑,2016,42(29):192-194.[LI Nan.Study of Sorbent KMnO4 Modified Eggshell for Cu(Ⅱ) Removal[J].Shanxi Architecture,2016,42(29):192-194.]
[20]王静,陈光辉,陈建,等.巯基改性活性炭对水溶液中汞的吸附性能研究[J].环境工程学报,2009,3(2):219-222.[WANG Jing,CHEN Guang-hui,CHEN Jian,et al.Investigation on Aqueous Hg(Ⅱ)Adsorption Properties by Thiol-Modified Activated Carbon[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2009,3(2):219-222.]
[21]谢婧如,陈本寿,张进忠,等.巯基改性海泡石吸附水中的Hg(Ⅱ)[J].环境科学,2016,37(6):2187-2194.[XIE Jing-ru,CHEN Ben-shou,ZHANG Jing-zhong,et al.Adsorption of Hg(Ⅱ)in Water by Sulfhydryl-Modified Sepiolite[J].Environmental Science,2016,37(6):2187-2194.]
[22]LIANG X F,XU Y M,WANG L,et al.Sorption of Pb2+ on Mercapto Functionalized Sepiolite[J].Chemosphere,2013,90(2):548-555.
[23]范丽君,陈思思,周岚,等.高锰酸钾改性汉麻对重金属离子镉的吸附性能研究[J].现代纺织技术,2017,25(3):37-39,64.[FAN Li-jun,CHEN Si-si,ZHOU Lan,et al.Adsorption Capacity of China-Hemp Modified by Potassium Permanganate on Heavy Metal Cadmium Ions[J].Advanced Textile Technology,2017,25(3):37-39,64.]
[24]ZHENG L C,DANG Z,YI X Y,et al.Equilibrium and Kinetic Studies of Adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) From Aqueous Solution Using Modified Corn Stalk[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,176(1/2/3):650-656.
[25]周建伟,黄艳芹.巯基泥炭对重金属离子吸附性能研究[J].精细化工,2000,17(12):741-743.[ZHOU Jian-wei,HUANG Yan-qin.Study of Specific Properties of Adsorption for Heavy Metal Ions on Sulfhydryl Peat[J].Fine Chemicals,2000,17(12):741-743.]