不同树龄油茶林分中土壤养分的变化特征及对细根生物量的影响
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摘要
以岑溪软枝油茶(Cenxi soft branch Camellia oleifera)无性系林分为研究对象,分析幼龄期(2年生)、结果初期(5年生)和盛产期(8年生) 3种林分中土壤养分的变化特征及对细根生物量的影响。结果表明:3种油茶林分中土壤养分总量差异显著,2年生油茶林分中有机质和水解性氮含量最高,5年油茶林分中有效磷含量最高,8年生油茶林分中速效钾含量最高。水平方向上,4种土壤养分在不同林地中分布较为均匀;垂直方向上,4种养分主要分布在土壤中上层0～30 cm处,整体上元素含量随着土层深度的加深而减少。偏相关分析表明:水解性氮对细根生物量的作用主要表现在40～60 cm土层;有效磷细根生物量的影响主要体现在10～40 cm土层,表现为不同程度的正相关性;速效钾对细根生物量的影响主要体现在10～20 cm土层中,表现为显著的负相关。有机质和有效磷与细根生物量呈极显著相关。
Changes of soil nutrients and their influence on fine roots of two-year-old, five-year-old and eight-year-old Cenxi soft branch Camellia oleifera clone stands were analyzed. Results showed that there was significant difference in soil nutrients of three C. oleifera stands. Both organic matter and hydrolyzable N were the highest in the two-year-old forest,available P content was the highest in the five-year-old forest,and available K content was the highest in the eight-year-old forest. The four soil nutrients evenly distributed in the horizontal direction in different forests. In the vertical direction,the four nutrients mainly distributed in the upper layer of the soil at 0～30 cm. The overall nutrients decreased with the increase of soil layer. Partial correlation analysis showed that effect of hydrolyzable N on fine root biomass could be found in the 40～60 cm soil layer. The effect of available P on fine root biomass could be found in 10～40 cm soil layer,and there was positive correlation to some extent. The effect of available K on fine root biomass couid be found in the 10～20 cm soil layer,and there was a significant negative correlation. The organic matter had a extremely significant relationship with fine root biomass.
Changes of soil nutrients and their influence on fine roots of two-year-old, five-year-old and eight-year-old Cenxi soft branch Camellia oleifera clone stands were analyzed. Results showed that there was significant difference in soil nutrients of three C. oleifera stands. Both organic matter and hydrolyzable N were the highest in the two-year-old forest,available P content was the highest in the five-year-old forest,and available K content was the highest in the eight-year-old forest. The four soil nutrients evenly distributed in the horizontal direction in different forests. In the vertical direction,the four nutrients mainly distributed in the upper layer of the soil at 0～30 cm. The overall nutrients decreased with the increase of soil layer. Partial correlation analysis showed that effect of hydrolyzable N on fine root biomass could be found in the 40～60 cm soil layer. The effect of available P on fine root biomass could be found in 10～40 cm soil layer,and there was positive correlation to some extent. The effect of available K on fine root biomass couid be found in the 10～20 cm soil layer,and there was a significant negative correlation. The organic matter had a extremely significant relationship with fine root biomass.
引文
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[18]梅莉,王政权,韩有志,等.水曲柳根系生物量、比根长和根长密度的分布格局[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(1):1-4.
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[20]冯宗炜,王效科,吴刚.中国森林生态系统的生物量和生产力[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[21]姜勇,郝伟,张玉革,等.潮棕壤不同利用方式营养元素随剖面深度的变化特征[J].水土保持学报,2006(3):93-96.
[22]王敬丽,杨美燕,杨秀珍,等.磷营养对独本菊生长及开花的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(9):156-159.
[23]黄航.武夷山土壤有效钾垂直分异研究[J].太原师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008(3):132-134.
[2]PINNO B D,WILSON S D.Fine root response to soil resource heterogeneity differs between grassland and forest[J].Plant Ecology,2013(6):821-829.
[3]NORBY R J,LEDFORD J,REILLY C D,et al.Fine-root production dominates responses of adeciduous forest to atmospheric CO2enrichment[J].PNAS,2004,101(29):9689-9693.
[4]PETERS D P C.Plant species dominance at a grasslandshrub land ecotone:An individual based gap dynamics model of herbaceous and woody species[J].Ecological Modelling,2002,152(1):5-32.
[5]ZHANG Y Q,ZHU Q K,QI S,et al.Root system distribution characteristics of plants on the terrace banks and their impact on soil moisture[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2005,25(3):500-506.
[6]SCHENK H.Vertical vegetation structure below ground:scaling from root to globe[J].Progress in Botany,2005,66:341-373.
[7]TUFEKCIOGLU A,RAICH J W,ISENHART T M,et al.Fine root dynamics,coarse root biomass,root distribution,and soil respiration in a multispecies riparian buffer in Central Iowa,USA[J].Agroforestry Systems,1999,44:163-174.
[8]DOMISCH T,FINR L,LEHTO T.Growth,carbohydrate and nutrient allocation of scots pine seedlings after exposure to simulated low soil temperature in spring[J].Plant Soil,2002,246:75-86.
[9]安慧,韦兰英,刘勇,等.黄土丘陵区油松人工林和白桦天然林细根垂直分布及其与土壤养分的关系[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2007,13(4):611-619.
[10]MAJDI H,NYLUND J E.Does liquid fertilization affect fine root dynamics and lifespan of mycorrhizal short roots[J].Plant and Soil,1996,185(2):305-309.
[11]MOU P,MITCHELL R J,JONES R H.Root distribution of two tree species under a heterogeneous nutrient environment[J].Journal of Apply Ecology,1997,34(3):645-656.
[12]BURTON A J,PREGITZER K S,HENDRICK R L.Relationship between fine root dynamics and nitrogen availability in Michigan northern hardwood forest[J].Oecologia,2000,125:389-399.
[13]JOHNSON M G,PHILLIPS D L,TINGEY D T,et al.Effects of elevated CO2,N-fertilization,and season on survival of ponderosa pine fine roots[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,2000,30(2):220-228.
[14]MAJDI H,ERSSON P.Fine root production and turnover in a Norway spruce stand in northern Sweden:effects of nitrogen and water manipulation[J].Ecosystems,2005,8(2):191-199.
[15]BORJA I,NILSEN P.Long term effect of limiting and fertilization on ectomycorrhizal colonization and tree growth in old Scots pine stands[J].Plant and Soil,2009,314(1-2):109-119.
[16]BURKE M K,RAYNAI D J,MRRCHELL M J.Soil nitrogen availability influences seasonal carbon allocation patterns in sugar maple(Acer saccharum)[J].Canadian Journal of Forest Research,1991,22(4):447-456.
[17]杨丽韫,罗天祥,吴松涛.长白山原始阔叶红松(Pinus koraiensis)林及其次生林细根生物量与垂直分布特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(9):3609-3617.
[18]梅莉,王政权,韩有志,等.水曲柳根系生物量、比根长和根长密度的分布格局[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(1):1-4.
[19]吴庆贵,曾艳,张发娟,等.柏木细根垂直分布特性及其对土壤水分-物理特性的响应[J].绵阳师范学院学报,2013(5):49-54.
[20]冯宗炜,王效科,吴刚.中国森林生态系统的生物量和生产力[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[21]姜勇,郝伟,张玉革,等.潮棕壤不同利用方式营养元素随剖面深度的变化特征[J].水土保持学报,2006(3):93-96.
[22]王敬丽,杨美燕,杨秀珍,等.磷营养对独本菊生长及开花的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(9):156-159.
[23]黄航.武夷山土壤有效钾垂直分异研究[J].太原师范学院学报(自然科学版),2008(3):132-134.