有机肥缓解红苋菜六价铬毒害效应研究
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摘要
采用盆栽试验,模拟在不同Cr(Ⅵ)污染水平(50、100和150 mg·kg~(-1))土壤中,施用有机肥对红苋菜生长状况、铬累积量和铬赋存形态的影响。结果显示:在各Cr(Ⅵ)污染水平下,红苋菜生物量、根长和株高等生理指标均随有机肥施用量的增加而增加。在50、100和150mg·kg~(-1) Cr(Ⅵ)污染水平下,红苋菜生物量在8%有机肥施用量下较施用4%分别增加14.29%、15.49%、141.22%。红苋菜地上部和地下部铬质量分数随有机肥施用量的增加而降低。土壤中总Cr(Ⅵ)质量分数、可交换态铬和碳酸盐结合态铬质量分数随有机肥施用量增加而减少,而有机结合态和残渣态质量分数则随之增加,在150 mg·kg~(-1) Cr(Ⅵ)盆栽试验中,与未施用有机肥相比,施入8%有机肥后交换态Cr的质量分数降低56.50%。结果表明,施用有机肥有助于减少红苋菜对Cr的吸收,降低土壤Cr(Ⅵ)的毒害作用。
Pot experiments were conducted to assess the effect of organic fertilizer on the growth and chromium accumulation of red amaranth under the stress of soil Cr(Ⅵ) pollution.The adsorption-reduction and species transformation of Cr(Ⅵ) in the examined oxisol were also explored. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer could lead to increase biomass, plant height and root length together with a decrease in mass fraction of chromium in the shoot and root. Under the mass fraction of Cr(Ⅵ) examined(50 mg·kg~(-1), 100 mg·kg~(-1) and 150 mg·kg~(-1)), the application of 8%(mass ratio) organic fertilizer could result in the increase in the biomass of red amaranth by 14.29%, 15.49% and 141.22%, respectively, compared with the case with the application of 4% organic fertilizer. The increase in organic fertilizer application could decrease both the total amount of Cr(Ⅵ) and the fraction of exchangeable and carbonate bound species in the soil, promote the transformation of Cr to organic bound and solid residual species. For the soil treated with 150 mg·kg~(-1) Cr(Ⅵ), the percentage of exchangeable Cr could decrease by 56.50% with the addition of 8% organic fertilizer. The findings above suggested that organic fertilizer can reduce the accumulation of Cr red amaranth and alleviate the bio-toxicity of Cr(Ⅵ) by transformation of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ).
Pot experiments were conducted to assess the effect of organic fertilizer on the growth and chromium accumulation of red amaranth under the stress of soil Cr(Ⅵ) pollution.The adsorption-reduction and species transformation of Cr(Ⅵ) in the examined oxisol were also explored. The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer could lead to increase biomass, plant height and root length together with a decrease in mass fraction of chromium in the shoot and root. Under the mass fraction of Cr(Ⅵ) examined(50 mg·kg~(-1), 100 mg·kg~(-1) and 150 mg·kg~(-1)), the application of 8%(mass ratio) organic fertilizer could result in the increase in the biomass of red amaranth by 14.29%, 15.49% and 141.22%, respectively, compared with the case with the application of 4% organic fertilizer. The increase in organic fertilizer application could decrease both the total amount of Cr(Ⅵ) and the fraction of exchangeable and carbonate bound species in the soil, promote the transformation of Cr to organic bound and solid residual species. For the soil treated with 150 mg·kg~(-1) Cr(Ⅵ), the percentage of exchangeable Cr could decrease by 56.50% with the addition of 8% organic fertilizer. The findings above suggested that organic fertilizer can reduce the accumulation of Cr red amaranth and alleviate the bio-toxicity of Cr(Ⅵ) by transformation of Cr(Ⅵ) to Cr(Ⅲ).
引文
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[13]卢立晃,余建明,叶永和,等.野苋菜植物修复皮革工业铬污染土壤的研究[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(1):105-106,111.LU L H,YU J M,YE Y H,et al.Study on Amarantus viridis L.phytoremediation in the soil of leather industry polluted by chromic heavy metal[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2010,31(1):105-106,111.
[14]李强,赵秀兰,胡彩荣.ISO10390:2005土壤质量pH的测量[J].污染防治技术,2006,19(1):53-55.LI Q,ZHAO X L,HU C R.ISO10390:2005soil qualitydetermination of pH[J].Pollution Control Technology,2006,19(1):53-55.
[15]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:25-144.BAO SH D.Soil Agro-chemistrical Analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2007:25-144.
[16]黄雪芬,蒙敏,谢刚,等.制革污泥中Cr形态分布及Cr(Ⅵ)还原性研究[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2017,42(5):1930-1936.HUANG X F,MENG M,XIE G,et al.Study on speciation distribution of Cr and reductionof Cr(Ⅵ)in tannery sludge[J].Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2017,42(5):1930-1936.
[17]NEUMANN D,ZUR N U.Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants[J].Phytochemistry,2001,56(7):685-692.
[18]CHOUDHURY S,PANDA S K.Toxic effects,oxidative stress and ultrastructural changes in Moss Taxithelium Nepalense(Schwaegr.)Broth.under chromium and lead phytotoxicity[J].Water Air&Soil Pollution,2005,167(1/4):73-90.
[19]柳玲.设施菜地重金属含量变化及芹菜对Cr6+的吸收与累积规律[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.LIU L.Changes of heavy metal’s content in greenhouse and the absorbtion and accumulation of Cr6+in celery[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2010.
[20]乔维川,罗杨,徐立杰,等.不同钾水平对延胡索幼苗的生理特征和铬吸收影响[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(4):761-768.QIAO W CH,LUO Y,XU L J,et al.Effects of different potassium levels on physiological characteristics and Cr absorption of Corydalis yanhusuo seedlings[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2018,27(4):761-768.
[21]曾凡荣.水稻铬毒害和耐性的生理与分子机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.ZENG F R.Physiological and molecular of chromium stress and tolerance in rice[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.
[22]李媛珍.长期施肥对褐土及玉米籽粒中重金属含量的影响[D].太原:山西大学,2015.LI Y ZH.The effect of long-term fertilization on heavy metal contents of cinnamon soil and corn grain[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi University,2015.
[23]梁延鹏,李宗林,张学洪,等.重金属单一与复合污染下水稻对铬的富集特征[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(9):1540-1545.LIANG Y P,LI Z L,ZHANG X H,et al.Accumulation of Cr in rice under single and combined pollution[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(9):1540-1545.
[24]周易勇,刘同仇,邓波儿.六价铬污染对红苔菜产量、品质、养分吸收及叶片酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,1990,9(3):25-26,4.ZHOU Y Y,LIU T Q,DENG B E.Effects of hexavalent chromium pollution on yield,quality,nutrient uptake and leaf enzyme activities of red vegetable moss[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,1990,9(3):25-26,4.
[25]TESSIER A,CAMPBELL P G C,BISSON M.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[26]张乃明.环境土壤学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013:238-239.ZHANG N M,Environmental Pedology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2013:238-239.
[27]黄文粤,张清海,林紹霞,等.有机肥对土壤重金属生物有效性影响研究进展[J].天津农业科学,2017,23(2):26-30,34.HUANG W Y,ZHANG Q H,LIN SH X,et al.Research progress of the effects of organic fertilizeron bioavailability on heavy metals in soils[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2017,23(2):26-30,34.
[28]王邦芬,张崇玉.不同钝化剂对鸡粪有机肥还田重金属(Cd、Cr、Pb)的钝化作用[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(8):44-50.WANG B F,ZHANG CH Y.Effects of different passivators on heavy metals(Cadmium,Chromium,Plumbum)in soil with chicken manure organic fertilizer[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2015,42(8):44-50.
[2]朱宇恩,张倩茹,张维荣,等.基于文献计量的Cr污染土壤修复发展历程剖析(2001-2015年)[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(3):409-419.ZHU Y E,ZHANG Q R,ZHANG W R,et al.Historical venation of chromium contaminated soil remediation in the past 15years based on the bibliometric analysis(2001-2015)[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2017,36(3):409-419.
[3]张瑶.典型土壤中Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附与迁移特征研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2017.ZHANG Y.Study on adsorption and transportation of Cr(Ⅵ)in typical soils[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences,2017.
[4]孟凡生.中国铬渣污染场地土壤污染特征[J].环境污染与防治,2016,38(6):50-53.MENG F SH.Pollution charateristics of soils polluted by chromium slag in China[J].Environmental Pollution&Control,2016,38(6):50-53.
[5]郑施雯,魏远,顾红波,等.铬污染地区植物重金属含量特征与耐性植物筛选研究[J].林业科学研究,2011,24(2):205-211.ZHENG SH W,WEI Y,GU H B,et al.Characteristics of heavy metals in plants growing on Cr contaminated area and Cr-tolerant plants screening[J].Forest Research,2011,24(2):205-211.
[6]宋豁华.铬与人体健康[J].吉林医学院学报,1982,2(1):68-74.SONG H H.Chromium and human health[J].Journal of Beihua University(Natural Science),1982,2(1):68-74.
[7]樊霆,叶文玲,陈海燕,等.农田土壤重金属污染状况及修复技术研究[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(10):1727-1736.FAN T,YE W L,CHEN H Y,et al.Review on contamination and remediation technology of heavy metal in agricultural soil[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2013,22(10):1727-1736.
[8]串丽敏,赵同科,郑怀国,等.土壤重金属污染修复技术研究进展[J].环境科学与技术,2014,37(S2):213-222.CHUAN L M,ZHAO T K,ZHEN H G,et al.Research advances in remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,37(S2):213-222.
[9]宁皎莹,周根娣,周春儿,等.农田土壤重金属污染钝化修复技术研究进展[J].杭州师范大学学报(自然科学版),2016,15(2):156-162.NING J Y,ZHOU G D,ZHOU CH E,et al.Research advances passive remediation technology of heavy metal contaminated farmland soil[J].Journal of Hangzhou Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2016,15(2):156-162.
[10]徐露露,马友华,马铁铮,等.钝化剂对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J].农业资源与环境学报,2013,30(6):25-29.XU L L,MA Y H,MA T ZH,et al.Passivating agents on remediation of heavy metal pollution in soil[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2013,30(6):25-29.
[11]宁川川,王建武,蔡昆争.有机肥对土壤肥力和土壤环境质量的影响研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(1):175-181.NING CH CH,WANG J W,CAI K ZH.The effects of organic fertilizers on soil fertility and soil environmental quality:a review[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(1):175-181.
[12]宋相帝.青菜对铬吸收积累的基因型差异[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2011.SONG X D.The differences of absorption and accumulation of chromium in different genotypes of Brassica chinensis L[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2011.
[13]卢立晃,余建明,叶永和,等.野苋菜植物修复皮革工业铬污染土壤的研究[J].食品工业科技,2010,31(1):105-106,111.LU L H,YU J M,YE Y H,et al.Study on Amarantus viridis L.phytoremediation in the soil of leather industry polluted by chromic heavy metal[J].Science and Technology of Food Industry,2010,31(1):105-106,111.
[14]李强,赵秀兰,胡彩荣.ISO10390:2005土壤质量pH的测量[J].污染防治技术,2006,19(1):53-55.LI Q,ZHAO X L,HU C R.ISO10390:2005soil qualitydetermination of pH[J].Pollution Control Technology,2006,19(1):53-55.
[15]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2007:25-144.BAO SH D.Soil Agro-chemistrical Analysis[M].Beijing:China Agriculture Press,2007:25-144.
[16]黄雪芬,蒙敏,谢刚,等.制革污泥中Cr形态分布及Cr(Ⅵ)还原性研究[J].广西大学学报(自然科学版),2017,42(5):1930-1936.HUANG X F,MENG M,XIE G,et al.Study on speciation distribution of Cr and reductionof Cr(Ⅵ)in tannery sludge[J].Journal of Guangxi University(Natural Science Edition),2017,42(5):1930-1936.
[17]NEUMANN D,ZUR N U.Silicon and heavy metal tolerance of higher plants[J].Phytochemistry,2001,56(7):685-692.
[18]CHOUDHURY S,PANDA S K.Toxic effects,oxidative stress and ultrastructural changes in Moss Taxithelium Nepalense(Schwaegr.)Broth.under chromium and lead phytotoxicity[J].Water Air&Soil Pollution,2005,167(1/4):73-90.
[19]柳玲.设施菜地重金属含量变化及芹菜对Cr6+的吸收与累积规律[D].陕西杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2010.LIU L.Changes of heavy metal’s content in greenhouse and the absorbtion and accumulation of Cr6+in celery[D].Yangling Shaanxi:Northwest A&F University,2010.
[20]乔维川,罗杨,徐立杰,等.不同钾水平对延胡索幼苗的生理特征和铬吸收影响[J].生态环境学报,2018,27(4):761-768.QIAO W CH,LUO Y,XU L J,et al.Effects of different potassium levels on physiological characteristics and Cr absorption of Corydalis yanhusuo seedlings[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2018,27(4):761-768.
[21]曾凡荣.水稻铬毒害和耐性的生理与分子机理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2010.ZENG F R.Physiological and molecular of chromium stress and tolerance in rice[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2010.
[22]李媛珍.长期施肥对褐土及玉米籽粒中重金属含量的影响[D].太原:山西大学,2015.LI Y ZH.The effect of long-term fertilization on heavy metal contents of cinnamon soil and corn grain[D].Taiyuan:Shanxi University,2015.
[23]梁延鹏,李宗林,张学洪,等.重金属单一与复合污染下水稻对铬的富集特征[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(9):1540-1545.LIANG Y P,LI Z L,ZHANG X H,et al.Accumulation of Cr in rice under single and combined pollution[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,2016,25(9):1540-1545.
[24]周易勇,刘同仇,邓波儿.六价铬污染对红苔菜产量、品质、养分吸收及叶片酶活性的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,1990,9(3):25-26,4.ZHOU Y Y,LIU T Q,DENG B E.Effects of hexavalent chromium pollution on yield,quality,nutrient uptake and leaf enzyme activities of red vegetable moss[J].Journal of Agro-Environment Science,1990,9(3):25-26,4.
[25]TESSIER A,CAMPBELL P G C,BISSON M.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[26]张乃明.环境土壤学[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2013:238-239.ZHANG N M,Environmental Pedology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural University Press,2013:238-239.
[27]黄文粤,张清海,林紹霞,等.有机肥对土壤重金属生物有效性影响研究进展[J].天津农业科学,2017,23(2):26-30,34.HUANG W Y,ZHANG Q H,LIN SH X,et al.Research progress of the effects of organic fertilizeron bioavailability on heavy metals in soils[J].Tianjin Agricultural Sciences,2017,23(2):26-30,34.
[28]王邦芬,张崇玉.不同钝化剂对鸡粪有机肥还田重金属(Cd、Cr、Pb)的钝化作用[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(8):44-50.WANG B F,ZHANG CH Y.Effects of different passivators on heavy metals(Cadmium,Chromium,Plumbum)in soil with chicken manure organic fertilizer[J].Guangdong Agricultural Sciences,2015,42(8):44-50.
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