叶面喷施肉桂酸对盐胁迫下北五味子幼苗生长和抗氧化系统的改善作用
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摘要
通过测定苗高、根长、干质量等生长指标、叶绿素质量分数、净光合速率(P_n)、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性蛋白(Sp)、抗坏血酸(ASA)和谷胱甘肽(GSH)质量摩尔浓度以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性,研究木本药用植物北五味子的盐胁迫反应及叶面喷施肉桂酸对其盐害的改善作用。结果表明:受到盐胁迫后北五味子生长受到明显抑制。苗高、根长和干质量分别比对照降低19.6%、27.3%和24.5%。NaCl胁迫导致质膜过氧化作用加强,表现为MDA大量积累。盐胁迫导致ASA质量摩尔浓度增加,GSH和Sp质量摩尔浓度降低。同时盐分引起SOD、POD和CAT活性升高及Pro积累。叶面喷施肉桂酸减轻了盐胁迫的不利影响,表现为苗高、根长、干质量、叶绿素质量分数和净光合速率的增加。此外,肉桂酸处理显著提高了叶片抗氧化剂ASA和GSH的质量摩尔浓度及抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT的活性,降低了MDA质量摩尔浓度。同时,Pro和Sp的积累明显加快。研究表明,肉桂酸处理能改善盐胁迫下北五味子幼苗生长后期的不良反应,在一定程度上减轻幼苗所受的盐害。
The growth index, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(P_n), the molar concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA), proline(Pro), soluble protein(Sp), ascorbic acid(ASA) and glutathione(GSH), and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) were determined to study the salt stress response of Schisandra chinensis, and the ameliorative effect of foliar spraying cinnamic acid on its salt damage. The growth of S. chinensis was significantly inhibited under salt stress. Seedling height, root length and dry weight were decreased by 19.6%, 27.3%, and 24.5%, respectively, compared to control. NaCl stress increased plasma membrane peroxidation, which was characterized by a large accumulation of MDA. Salt stress increased the molar concentration of ASA, and decreased that of GSH and Sp. The salt increased the activities of SOD, POD and CAT and the accumulation of Pro Foliar spraying with cinnamic acid alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress, including the increase of seedling height, root length, dry weight, chlorophyll content and P_n. In addition, cinnamic acid treatment significantly increased the molar concentrations of antioxidant ASA and GSH and the activities of antioxidant SOD, POD and CAT, while decreased the molar concentration of MDA. The accumulation of Pro and Sp was accelerated obviously. The results showed that cinnamic acid treatment could improve the adverse reactions of S. chinensis seedlings in the later stage of growth, and alleviate the salt damage to some extent.
The growth index, chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate(P_n), the molar concentrations of malondialdehyde(MDA), proline(Pro), soluble protein(Sp), ascorbic acid(ASA) and glutathione(GSH), and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), peroxidase(POD) and catalase(CAT) were determined to study the salt stress response of Schisandra chinensis, and the ameliorative effect of foliar spraying cinnamic acid on its salt damage. The growth of S. chinensis was significantly inhibited under salt stress. Seedling height, root length and dry weight were decreased by 19.6%, 27.3%, and 24.5%, respectively, compared to control. NaCl stress increased plasma membrane peroxidation, which was characterized by a large accumulation of MDA. Salt stress increased the molar concentration of ASA, and decreased that of GSH and Sp. The salt increased the activities of SOD, POD and CAT and the accumulation of Pro Foliar spraying with cinnamic acid alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress, including the increase of seedling height, root length, dry weight, chlorophyll content and P_n. In addition, cinnamic acid treatment significantly increased the molar concentrations of antioxidant ASA and GSH and the activities of antioxidant SOD, POD and CAT, while decreased the molar concentration of MDA. The accumulation of Pro and Sp was accelerated obviously. The results showed that cinnamic acid treatment could improve the adverse reactions of S. chinensis seedlings in the later stage of growth, and alleviate the salt damage to some extent.
引文
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[2] ASHRAF M.Some important physiological selection criteria for salt tolerance in plants[J].Flora,2004,199(5):361-376.
[3] MUNNS R,JAMES R A.Screening methods for salt tolerance:a case study with tetraploid wheat[J].Plant Soil,2003,253(1):239-250.
[4] 李先宽,郑艳超,张坚,等.大田生产中盐胁迫对五味子木脂素类成分的影响研究[J].中国现代中药,2016,18(6):776-781.
[5] WANG X,WANG H,WU F,et al.Effects of cinnamic acid on the physiological characteristics of cucumber seedlings under salt stress[J].Front Agric China,2007,1(1):58-61.
[6] ZHANG E P,ZHANG S H,LI WBL,et al.Effects of exogenic benzoic acid and cinnamic acid on the root oxidative damage of tomato seedlings[J].J Hortic For,2010,2(2):22-29.
[7] KORKINA L G.Phenylpropanoids as naturally occurring antioxidants:from plant defense to human health[J].Cell Mol Biol,2007,53(1):15-25.
[8] 张珊珊,康洪梅,杨文忠,等.干旱胁迫下AMF对云南蓝果树幼苗生长和光合特征的影响[J].生态学报,2016,36(21):6950-6862.
[9] 李合生.植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2001.
[10] 陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2002.
[11] BANON S J,OCHOA J,FRANCO J A,et al.Hardening of oleander seedlings by deficit irrigation and low air humidity[J].Environ Exp Bot,2006,56(1):36-43.
[12] PRAMOD KUMAR S,RAMENDRA S,SHIVANI S.Cinnamic acid pretreatment mitigates chilling stress of cucumber leaves through altering antioxidant enzyme activity[J].Journal of Plant Physiology,2011,168(9):927-934.
[13] 范文才,杜丽娟,施钦,等.3种灌木对混合盐胁迫的生理和光合响应[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2018,38(8):43-50.
[14] 庄倩倩,陈少鹏,刘洪章.低温胁迫对紫萼玉簪根系3种生理指标的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(3):33-36.
[15] KHAN M N,SIDDIQUI M H,MOHAMMAD F,et al.Calcium chloride and gibberellic acid protect linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) from NaCl stress by inducing antioxidative defence system and osmoprotectant accumulation[J].Acta Physiol Plant,2010,32:121-132.DOI:10.1007/s11738-009-0387-2.
[16] 姚明志,陈丽英,曹森,等.不同种源单叶蔓荆盐胁迫下生理生化特性及耐盐性评价[J].东北林业大学学报,2018,46(10):18-23.
[17] 姚侠妹,张瑞娥,偶春,等.外源5-氨基乙酰丙酸对盐胁迫下栀子幼苗生理特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,43(4):37-41.
[18] WAGNER D,PRZYBYLA D,OPDEN C R,et al.The genetic basis of singlet oxygen-induced stress responses of Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Science,2004,306:1183-1185.DOI:10.1126/science.1103178.
[19] MIKOLAJCZYK M,AWOTUNDE O S,MUSZYNSKA G,et al.Osmotic stress induces rapid activation of a salicylic acid induced protein kinase and a homolog of protein kinase ASK 1 in tobacco cells[J].Plant Cell,2000,12(1):165-178.
[20] ?ZDEMIR F,BOR M,DEMIRAL T,et al.Effects of 24-epibrassinolide on seed germination,seedling growth,lipid peroxidation,proline content and antioxidative system of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salinity stress[J].Plant Growth Regul,2004,42(3):203-211.
[21] 李洪瑶,王凯,张永胜,等.盐碱胁迫对两种铁线莲生长状况和生理特性的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2015,46(5):49-54.
[22] SHEKHAWAT G S,VERMA K,JANA S,et al.In vitro biochemical evaluation of cadmium tolerance mechanism in callus and seedlings of Brassica juncea[J].Protoplasma,2010,239(1/2/3/4):31-38.
[23] HERNANDEZ J A,CORPAS F J,GOMEZ M,et al.Salt-induced oxidative stress mediated by activated oxygen species in pea leaf mitochondria[J].Physiol Plant,1993,89:103-110.DOI:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1993.tb0179x.
[24] 张晓龙,张申,杨小强.外源苯丙烯酸对黄瓜叶片弱光胁迫下抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环系统的影响[J].牡丹江师范学院学报(自然科学版),2017,32(3):47-52.
[25] LI Q,YU B,GAO Y,et al.Cinnamic acid pretreatment mitigates chilling stress of cucumber leaves through altering antioxidant enzyme activity[J].Plant Physiol,2011,168(9):927-934.