白桦和椴树水分输导模式研究
摘要
本文以年轮为基本出发点,采用"树干定点定向染色"技术,对白桦和椴树的水分输导模式进行了研究,即利用染色标记方法将树液的流动轨迹标记出来。观察白桦、椴树的茎流速率的日变化规律发现:椴树的茎流速率日间波动幅度较大,在中午12:00左右达到最高峰。白桦茎流速率的日变化表现较为平稳,在上午9:00～10:00左右达到最大值。白桦和椴树的茎流速率在中午均出现短暂的"午休"现象。白桦、椴树在15:00和17:00左右均有两个小峰值。同时2个树种的茎流速率均是在17:00后开始迅速下降。在对白桦和椴树的茎流速率研究中发现,夜间仍有微弱的液流存在,变化趋势平缓。通过对截断木染色结果分析表明:白桦新生年轮的水分输送能力明显强于陈旧年轮。椴树新生年轮与陈旧年轮水分输导能力大致相同。在利用肉眼直接观察的前提下,白桦和椴树年轮与年轮之间没有(或较少有)水分的横向输导。白桦同一年轮内的水分横向扩散现象较为明显,椴树同一年轮内水分的横向扩散现象不是十分明显;水分的纵向输导以年轮为单位白桦和椴树分别呈现直线型、螺旋型形式从根向上输送。
The roots, trunk and branches processes occurring in the water is not transported by direct observation,with no visibility. In this paper, the research method to ring as the basic starting point, the birch, linden tree Water Transportation conducted a study using the "trunk pointing directional stain" technique, which uses dye labeling method to track the f low of sap marked. Observe birch, linden day variations of sap f low rate of discovery: Stem Flow rate fluctuations during the day a large linden tree, peaked at around 12:00. Diurnal variation of birch sap flow velocity of more stable performance, in 9:00: 00 ～ 10: 00 about maximum. Stem flow rate of birch and linden trees at noon were brief "siesta" phenomenon. Birch, linden tree at 15:00 and 17:00 were two small peaks. Meanwhile two species stem the flow rate is rate began to decline rapidly after 17:00. Research on stem the flow rate of birch and linden trees found in the stream at night still weak presence, trends gently. By truncating wood staining results showed that: water delivery capacity birch newborn ring is stronger than the old ring. Freshmen old linden tree rings and rings Water Transportation substantially the same ability. Under the premise of direct observation with the naked eye, not between birch and linden tree rings and rings(or have less) transverse transporting water. Water Birch same ring within the lateral diffusion phenomenon is more obvious, the lateral diffusion of water within the linden tree in the same ring is not very obvious; longitudinal transporting water to the ring as a unit birch and linden trees are presented straight, spiral form transport from the root up.
The roots, trunk and branches processes occurring in the water is not transported by direct observation,with no visibility. In this paper, the research method to ring as the basic starting point, the birch, linden tree Water Transportation conducted a study using the "trunk pointing directional stain" technique, which uses dye labeling method to track the f low of sap marked. Observe birch, linden day variations of sap f low rate of discovery: Stem Flow rate fluctuations during the day a large linden tree, peaked at around 12:00. Diurnal variation of birch sap flow velocity of more stable performance, in 9:00: 00 ～ 10: 00 about maximum. Stem flow rate of birch and linden trees at noon were brief "siesta" phenomenon. Birch, linden tree at 15:00 and 17:00 were two small peaks. Meanwhile two species stem the flow rate is rate began to decline rapidly after 17:00. Research on stem the flow rate of birch and linden trees found in the stream at night still weak presence, trends gently. By truncating wood staining results showed that: water delivery capacity birch newborn ring is stronger than the old ring. Freshmen old linden tree rings and rings Water Transportation substantially the same ability. Under the premise of direct observation with the naked eye, not between birch and linden tree rings and rings(or have less) transverse transporting water. Water Birch same ring within the lateral diffusion phenomenon is more obvious, the lateral diffusion of water within the linden tree in the same ring is not very obvious; longitudinal transporting water to the ring as a unit birch and linden trees are presented straight, spiral form transport from the root up.
引文
[1]鲍甫成.木材流体渗透性及其影响因子的研究[J].林业科学,1984,20(3):6-7.
[2]鲍甫成.木材渗透性可控制原理的研究[J].林业科学,1992,28(3):34-25.
[3]王华田.油松边材液流速率时空变化规律及其影响因子的研究[J].林业科学,2002,38(5):12-13.
[4]吴丽萍.樟子松树干液流的时空变异性研究[J].水土保持研究,2003(4):66-68.
[2]鲍甫成.木材渗透性可控制原理的研究[J].林业科学,1992,28(3):34-25.
[3]王华田.油松边材液流速率时空变化规律及其影响因子的研究[J].林业科学,2002,38(5):12-13.
[4]吴丽萍.樟子松树干液流的时空变异性研究[J].水土保持研究,2003(4):66-68.