卤水提锂吸附剂应用研究进展
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摘要
利用吸附剂从卤水中提锂是目前最具发展潜力的提锂方式。综述了层状吸附剂、锑酸盐吸附剂、铝基吸附剂和离子筛型氧化物吸附剂的吸附机理、制备方法、吸附性能,并对比了各自的优缺点。指出吸附剂中以铝基吸附剂和离子筛型氧化物吸附剂的优势最为明显,但是都存在成粉末状、流动性及渗透性差、溶损率较高等缺点。因此,如何造粒以及如何降低溶损率将成为吸附法盐湖提锂技术的发展方向。
The use of adsorbents to extract lithium from brine is currently the most promising lithium extraction method.The adsorption mechanism,preparation method and adsorption performance of layered adsorbent,antimonate adsorbent,aluminumbased adsorbent and ion sieve type oxide adsorbent were reviewed,and their advantages and disadvantages were compared.It was pointed out that the advantages of aluminum-based adsorbent and ion-screen oxide adsorbent were the most obvious in above adsorbents,but they both have the disadvantages of powdered shape,bad fluidity and permeability,and high solution loss etc..Therefore,how to granulate and how to reduce the dissolution loss will become the development direction of the lithium extraction technology of salt lake by adsorption.
The use of adsorbents to extract lithium from brine is currently the most promising lithium extraction method.The adsorption mechanism,preparation method and adsorption performance of layered adsorbent,antimonate adsorbent,aluminumbased adsorbent and ion sieve type oxide adsorbent were reviewed,and their advantages and disadvantages were compared.It was pointed out that the advantages of aluminum-based adsorbent and ion-screen oxide adsorbent were the most obvious in above adsorbents,but they both have the disadvantages of powdered shape,bad fluidity and permeability,and high solution loss etc..Therefore,how to granulate and how to reduce the dissolution loss will become the development direction of the lithium extraction technology of salt lake by adsorption.
引文
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[16]郭敏,吴志坚,周园,等.一种微孔铝盐锂吸附剂及其制备方法、填料和富集锂离子的方法:中国,106076243A[P].2016-11-09.
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[20] Zhang L Y,Liu Y W,Zhou D L,et al.Simulative adsorption of Li+from the saline lake brine by the H2TiO3-lithium adsorbent syn-thesized by the sol-gel process[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2017,54(5):1045-1048.
[21]姚歉歉,周加贝,张理元,等.沉淀-胶溶法制备偏钛酸型锂离子交换剂研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2017,38(3):38-44.
[22]张绍成,董丽春,戈桦,等.负载二氧化锰球形吸附剂的制备及锂吸附性质的研究[J].离子交换与吸附,1993,9(1):54-58.
[23]解利昕,陈小棉.一种提锂杂化膜的制备及其提锂性能研究[J].膜科学与技术,2013,33(3):103-107.
[24]解利昕,陈小棉.Li1.6Mn1.6O4/PVDF多孔膜的制备及提锂性能[J].化工学报,2014,65(1):237-243.
[25] Hong H J,Park I S.Granulation of Li1.33Mn1.67O4(LMO)through theuse of cross-linked chitosan for the effective recovery of Li+fromseawater[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,234:16-22.
[26]席晓丽,王凯丰,马立文,等.一种尖晶石型锂离子筛的制备方法:中国,106622116A[P].2017-05-10.
[27] Zandevakili S.Recovery of lithium from Urmia Lake by a nanostruc-ture MnO2,ion sieve[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,149:148-152.
[2]魻zgür C.Preparation and characterization of LiMn2O4ion-sieve withhigh Li+adsorption rate by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis[J].Solid StateIonics,2010,181(31):1425-1428.
[3]于潇,孙淑英,于建国.层状吸附剂提锂过程研究[J].无机盐工业,2017,49(12):23-26.
[4] Abe M,Furuki N.Synthetic inorganic ion-exchange materials.ⅩⅩⅩⅩⅠ.ion exchange equilibria of alkali metal ions/hydrogen ions on tin(Ⅳ)antimonate[J].Solvent Extraction and Ion Exchange,1986,4(3):547-565.
[5]许乃才,史丹丹,黎四霞,等.利用吸附技术提取盐湖卤水中锂的研究进展[J].材料导报,2017,31(9):116-121.
[6]刘高,钟辉.氢氧化铝沉淀法吸附提锂的研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2010(5):17-20.
[7]刘高.氢氧化铝沉淀法提锂工艺及铝的循环利用研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2011.
[8]李杰,熊小波.铝盐吸附剂盐湖卤水提锂的研究现状及展望[J].无机盐工业,2010,42(10):9-11.
[9] Lee J M,Bauman W C.Recovery of lithium from brines:US,4221767[P].1980-09-09.
[10] Bauman W C,Burba I J L.Composition for the recovery of lithiumvalues from brine and process of making/using said composition:US,6280693[P].2001-08-28.
[11]董茜,李燕杰,朴香兰,等.铝盐吸附剂从盐湖卤水中吸附锂的研究[J].稀有金属,2007,31(3):357-361.
[12]寇晓康,王刚,刘金华.一种吸附法从盐湖卤水中提取锂的方法:中国,101928828A[P].2010-12-29.
[13]张绍成,马培华,邓小川.吸附法从盐湖卤水中提取锂的方法:中国,1511964[P].2004-07-14.
[14]杨志平,郭朋成,于湘浩,等.吸附法从青海高镁贫锂卤水中提锂[C]∥长沙:第五届全国稀有金属学术交流会,2006.
[15]罗清平,郭朋成,杨志平,等.用AI-9吸附剂从盐湖卤水中吸附锂的试验研究[J].湿法冶金,2012,31(3):152-154.
[16]郭敏,吴志坚,周园,等.一种微孔铝盐锂吸附剂及其制备方法、填料和富集锂离子的方法:中国,106076243A[P].2016-11-09.
[17] Kanzaki Y.Mechanism of lithium ion insertion intoλ-MnO2[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,1991,138(1):333-334.
[18]闫树旺,钟辉,周永兴.二氧化钛吸附剂的研制及从卤水中提锂[J].离子交换与吸附,1992,8(3):222-228.
[19] Zhang L Y,Liu Y W Zhou D L,et al.Dynamic adsorption and elu-tion performances of H2TiO3-lithium adsorbent loaded on ceramicfoams[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2017,54(6):1275-1280.
[20] Zhang L Y,Liu Y W,Zhou D L,et al.Simulative adsorption of Li+from the saline lake brine by the H2TiO3-lithium adsorbent syn-thesized by the sol-gel process[J].Journal of Sichuan University,2017,54(5):1045-1048.
[21]姚歉歉,周加贝,张理元,等.沉淀-胶溶法制备偏钛酸型锂离子交换剂研究[J].钢铁钒钛,2017,38(3):38-44.
[22]张绍成,董丽春,戈桦,等.负载二氧化锰球形吸附剂的制备及锂吸附性质的研究[J].离子交换与吸附,1993,9(1):54-58.
[23]解利昕,陈小棉.一种提锂杂化膜的制备及其提锂性能研究[J].膜科学与技术,2013,33(3):103-107.
[24]解利昕,陈小棉.Li1.6Mn1.6O4/PVDF多孔膜的制备及提锂性能[J].化工学报,2014,65(1):237-243.
[25] Hong H J,Park I S.Granulation of Li1.33Mn1.67O4(LMO)through theuse of cross-linked chitosan for the effective recovery of Li+fromseawater[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2013,234:16-22.
[26]席晓丽,王凯丰,马立文,等.一种尖晶石型锂离子筛的制备方法:中国,106622116A[P].2017-05-10.
[27] Zandevakili S.Recovery of lithium from Urmia Lake by a nanostruc-ture MnO2,ion sieve[J].Hydrometallurgy,2014,149:148-152.