黄土高原生态脆弱区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响——以汾河流域为例
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摘要
土地利用变化改变区域生态系统服务价值,进而影响区域经济可持续发展与生态环境保护。基于汾河流域1980年、2000年、2010年、2016年4期土地利用数据为基础,通过引用生态系统服务价值、土地利用动态度等指标,从整体和不同阶段上分析了土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响。结果表明:(1) 1980—2016年汾河流域土地利用类型整体以耕地、草地和建设用地为主,土地利用变化是以耕地向其他土地利用类型转移的方式为主,且综合土地利用动态度呈逐渐增长趋势。(2) 1980—2016年汾河流域的生态系统服务价值呈现先增长后减少的趋势,耕地生态系统服务价值一直处于减少的趋势,退耕还林(草)政策的持续实施是导致耕地生态系统服务价值持续减少的关键原因。(3)通过汾河流域主要行政区的生态系统服务价值差异分析,1980—2016年汾河流域共有13个行政区生态系统服务价值处于增长的趋势;20个行政区生态系统服务价值处于减少的趋势。
Land use change alters the value of regional ecosystem services, thus affecting regional economic sustainable development and ecological environmental protection. Based on the land use data of Fenhe River Basin in 1980, 2000, 2010 and 2016, we analyzed the impact of land use change on ecosystem service values from the whole and different stages by quoting the indexes of ecosystem service values and land use dynamics. The results show that:(1) from 1980 to 2016, cultivated land, grassland and construction land were the main land use types in Fenhe River Basin, and land use change was the main way of transferring cultivated land to other land use types; the dynamic degree of comprehensive land use was gradually increasing;(2) from 1980 to 2016, the ecosystem service values of Fenhe River Basin showed a trend of increasing first and decreasing later; the ecosystem service values of cultivated land had been decreasing; the key reason for the sustained decrease of ecosystem service values of cultivated land is the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forestry(grassland);(3) based on the analysis of the difference of ecosystem service value in the main administrative regions of Fenhe River Basin, the ecosystem service values of 13 administrative regions in Fenhe River Basin were increasing from 1980 to 2016, while the ecosystem service values of the 20 administrative regions were decreasing.
Land use change alters the value of regional ecosystem services, thus affecting regional economic sustainable development and ecological environmental protection. Based on the land use data of Fenhe River Basin in 1980, 2000, 2010 and 2016, we analyzed the impact of land use change on ecosystem service values from the whole and different stages by quoting the indexes of ecosystem service values and land use dynamics. The results show that:(1) from 1980 to 2016, cultivated land, grassland and construction land were the main land use types in Fenhe River Basin, and land use change was the main way of transferring cultivated land to other land use types; the dynamic degree of comprehensive land use was gradually increasing;(2) from 1980 to 2016, the ecosystem service values of Fenhe River Basin showed a trend of increasing first and decreasing later; the ecosystem service values of cultivated land had been decreasing; the key reason for the sustained decrease of ecosystem service values of cultivated land is the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forestry(grassland);(3) based on the analysis of the difference of ecosystem service value in the main administrative regions of Fenhe River Basin, the ecosystem service values of 13 administrative regions in Fenhe River Basin were increasing from 1980 to 2016, while the ecosystem service values of the 20 administrative regions were decreasing.
引文
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[2] Science I C F.International Council for Science(ICSU)[R].International Council for Science,2014.
[3] Zhao B,Kreuter U,Li B,et al.An ecosystem service value assessment of land-use change on Chongming Island,China[J].Land Use Policy,2004,21(2):139-148.
[4] Costanza R,D′Arge R,De Groot R,et al.The value of the world′s ecosystem services and natural capital[J].World Environment,1997,387(6630):253-260.
[5] 陈端吕,陈哲夫,彭保发.土地利用生态服务价值与经济发展的协调及空间分异:以西洞庭湖区为例[J].地理研究,2018,37(9):1692-1703.
[6] 王军,顿耀龙.土地利用变化对生态系统服务的影响研究综述[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(5):798-808.
[7] 谢高地,张彩霞,张昌顺,等.中国生态系统服务的价值[J].资源科学,2015,37(9):1740-1746.
[8] 彭保发,郑俞,刘宇.耦合生态服务的区域生态安全格局研究框架[J].地理科学,2018,38(3):361-367.
[9] Buckley R.The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity:ecological and economic foundations.[J].Austral Ecology,2011,36(6):34-35.
[10] Posner S,Verutes G,Koh I,et al.Global use of ecosystem service models[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,17:131-141.
[11] Ghermandi A,Sheela A M,Justus J.Integrating similarity analysis and ecosystem service value transfer:Results from a tropical coastal wetland in India[J].Ecosystem Services,2016,22:73-82.
[12] Kozak J,Lant C,Shaikh S,et al.The geography of ecosystem service value:The case of the Des Plaines and Cache River wetlands,Illinois[J].Applied Geography,2011,31(1):303-311.
[13] Grafius D R,Corstanje R,Warren P H,et al.The impact of land use/land cover scale on modelling urban ecosystem services[J].Landscape Ecology,2016,31(7):1509-1522.
[14] 赵军,杨凯.生态系统服务价值评估研究进展[J].生态学报,2007,27(1):346-356.
[15] 刘桂林,张落成,张倩.长三角地区土地利用时空变化对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].生态学报,2014,34(12):3311-3319.
[16] 熊侣英,师学义.黄土山丘区土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响:以长河流域为例[J].水土保持研究,2018,25(2):335-340.
[17] 徐煖银,郭泺,薛达元,等.赣南地区土地利用格局及生态系统服务价值的时空演变[J].生态学报,2019,39(1):1-9.
[18] 张天海,田野,徐舒,等.滨海城市土地利用格局演变及对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].生态学报,2018,38(21):7572-7581.
[19] 吴季秋,俞花美,肖明,等.基于CA-Marko模型的海湾土地利用动态预测[J].环境工程技术学报,2012,2(6):531-539.
[20] 王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.
[21] 谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法,等.青藏高原生态资产的价值评估[J].自然资源学报,2003,18(2):189-196.
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