长江三角洲北翼泰州地区早更新世地层序列的厘定
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摘要
以泰州地区TZK10孔沉积物的岩石地层、磁性地层学为基础,重新厘定了该地区第四纪以来的年代地层框架。研究结果显示,下更新统和中更新统的界线位于84.45 m,第四系与新近系的界线位于205.23 m,根据沉积速率外推获得该钻孔的底界年龄约为3.4 Ma。通过钻孔间的岩石地层及磁性地层对比,将启东组上段修订为启东组,启东组下段修订为海门组的上段,海门组的上段和中段合并为海门组的中段。结合已有的钻孔资料,总结了长江三角洲北翼早更新世地层的特征,沉积物以细颗粒的黏土为主,局部段为砂砾层,早更新世研究区经历了河流冲积平原—冲洪积平原—泛滥平原的演化过程;埋藏深度为160～200 m的砂砾层可作为区域上海门组中段的标志层,沉积时代为1.77～1.9 Ma。
Based on lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data from the drill core TZK10 in the Taizhou area, the Quaternary chronostratigraphy in the northern Yangtze River delta has been revised. Lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic analyses show that the lower boundary of the Quaternary and the Early-Middle Pleistocene boundary are found at the depth of 205.23 m and 84.45 m, respectively. The Jaramillo and Olduvai are located at 120.8–132.1 m and 157.75–194.5 m, respectively. Extrapolation of sediment accumulation rates suggests that the basal age of the drill core is about 3.4 Ma. Based on lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic correlation, the upper member of the Qidong Formation was revised as the Qidong Formation; the lower member of the Qidong Formation was revised as the upper part of the Haimen Formation; and the upper and middle members of the Haimen Formation were combined to represent the middle Haimen Formation. The existing core data show that the main kinds of lithology are clay and silty clay. Some silt, sand and coarse sand are also found in early Pleistocene sediment in the northern Yangtze River delta. The study area experienced river alluvial plain, alluvial plain, and flood plain in the early Pleistocene. A gravel bed at the depth of 160–200 m in the drill core can be used as a marker bed for Pleistocene stratigraphic correlation in the north of the Yangtze River Delta, and its age is estimated to be 1.77–1.9 Ma.
Based on lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic data from the drill core TZK10 in the Taizhou area, the Quaternary chronostratigraphy in the northern Yangtze River delta has been revised. Lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic analyses show that the lower boundary of the Quaternary and the Early-Middle Pleistocene boundary are found at the depth of 205.23 m and 84.45 m, respectively. The Jaramillo and Olduvai are located at 120.8–132.1 m and 157.75–194.5 m, respectively. Extrapolation of sediment accumulation rates suggests that the basal age of the drill core is about 3.4 Ma. Based on lithostratigraphic and magnetostratigraphic correlation, the upper member of the Qidong Formation was revised as the Qidong Formation; the lower member of the Qidong Formation was revised as the upper part of the Haimen Formation; and the upper and middle members of the Haimen Formation were combined to represent the middle Haimen Formation. The existing core data show that the main kinds of lithology are clay and silty clay. Some silt, sand and coarse sand are also found in early Pleistocene sediment in the northern Yangtze River delta. The study area experienced river alluvial plain, alluvial plain, and flood plain in the early Pleistocene. A gravel bed at the depth of 160–200 m in the drill core can be used as a marker bed for Pleistocene stratigraphic correlation in the north of the Yangtze River Delta, and its age is estimated to be 1.77–1.9 Ma.
引文
程瑜,李向前,赵增玉,张祥云,郭刚.2016.苏北盆地TZK9孔磁性地层及重矿物组合特征研究.地质力学学报,22(4):994-1003.
范代读,李从先,K.Yokoyama,周保春,李保华,王强,杨守业,邓兵,吴国瑄.2004.长江三角洲晚新生代地层独居石年龄谱与长江贯通时间研究.中国科学(D辑),34(11):1015-1022.
范代读,李从先.2006.河口地层独居石Th(U)-Pb年龄对长江贯通时限的约束.海洋地质动态,22(7):11-15.
傅强,李益,张国栋,刘玉瑞.2007.苏北盆地晚白垩世-古新世海侵湖泊的证据及其地质意义.沉积学报,25(3):380-385.
韩有松,孟广兰,王少青.1987.太湖平原第四纪古地理环境演变若干问题的讨论.海洋地质与第四纪地质,7(1):91-104.
黄湘通,郑洪波,杨守业,等.2009.长江三角洲DY03孔沉积物元素地球化学及其物源示踪意义.第四纪研究,29(2):299-307.
黄湘通,郑洪波,杨守业,Mark Dekker,谢昕,章振铨,方国庆.2008.长江三角洲DY03孔磁性地层研究及其意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,28(6):87-93.
贾军涛,郑洪波,黄湘通,吴福元,杨守业,王可,何梦颖.2010.长江三角洲晚新生代沉积物碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其对长江贯通的指示.科学通报,55(4-5):350-358
江苏省地质矿产局.1984.江苏省及上海市区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.1-256.
李吉均,方小敏.1998.青藏高原隆起与环境变化研究.科学通报,43(15):1569-1574.
马润勇,彭建兵,刘利年,潘爱芳.2005.青藏高原隆升的气候环境效应与黄土高原构造侵蚀.水土保持通报,25(05):220-225.
闵秋宝,汪品先.1979.论上海地区的第四纪海进.同济大学学报(自然科学版),(2):109-128.
缪卫东,李世杰,王润华.2008.长江三角洲北翼J9孔揭示地层和古地磁特征.中国地质,35(3):489-495.
莫申国,张百平,程维明,谭娅,肖飞,武红智.2004.青藏高原的主要环境效应.地理科学进展,23(2):88-96.
施雅风,李吉均,李炳元,姚檀栋,王苏民,李世杰,崔之久,王富保,潘保田,方小敏,张青松.1999.晚新生代青藏高原的隆升与东亚环境变化.地理学报,54(1):10-20.
舒强,张茂恒,赵志军,陈晔,李吉均.2008.苏北盆地XH-1钻孔晚新生代沉积记录特征及其与长江贯通时间的关联.地层学杂志,32(3):308-314.
舒强.2004.苏北盆地兴化钻孔近3 Ma环境变化记录研究[博士论文].南京:南京师范大学.
宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,安芷生,杨东,吕连清.2000.六盘山东麓朝那剖面红黏土年代及其构造意义.第四纪研究,20(5):457-463.
苏朴,樊行昭,赵增建.2000.许家窑泥河湾组高分辨率磁性地层学研究.地球物理学报,43(2):223-231.
王润华,郭坤一,于振江,张于平,梁小红.2005.长江三角洲地区第四纪磁性地层学研究.地层学杂志,29(增刊):612-617.
王靖泰,郭蓄民,许世远,李萍,李从先.1981.全新世长江三角洲的发育.地质学报,(1):67-81.
王颖,张振克,朱大奎,杨競红,毛龙江,李书恒.2006.河海交互作用与苏北平原成因.第四纪研究,26(3):301-320.
吴标云,李从先.1987.长江三角洲第四纪地质.北京:海洋出版社.1-166.
吴锡浩,王苏民.1998.关于晚新生代准1.2Ma周期构造气候旋回.地质力学学报,4(4):1-11.
吴锡浩,安芷生.1996.黄土高原黄土-古土壤序列与青藏高原隆升.中国科学:D辑,26(2):103-110.
肖国桥,郭正堂,陈宇坤,姚政权,邵永新,王旭龙,郝青振,卢演俦.2008.渤海湾西岸BZ1钻孔的磁性地层学研究.第四纪研究,28(5):909-916.
杨競红,王颖,张振克,J.-P Guilbault,毛龙江,魏灵,郭伟,李书恒,徐军,季小梅.2006.苏北平原2.58 Ma以来的海陆环境演变历史-宝应钻孔沉积物的常量元素记录.第四纪研究,26(3):340-352.
杨守业,韦刚健,夏小平,孙敏,唐珉.2007.长江口晚新生代沉积物的物源研究:REE和Nd同位素制约.第四纪研究,27(3):339-346.
杨小强.2000.泥河湾盆地层序地层学与磁性地层学综合研究[博士论文].广州:中国科学院地球化学研究所.
于振江,张于平,王润华,梁晓红.2004.长江三角洲(江南)地区新近纪地层划分及时代讨论.地层学杂志,28(3):257-264.
岳乐平.1985.我国黄土古地磁学研究新进展.地质论评,31(5):453-460.
张茂恒.2008.中新世末期以来苏北盆地沉积环境演化的兴化钻孔记录[博士论文].南京:南京师范大学.
张平,李向前,潘明宝,宗开红,苗巧银,李永祥,欧键,冯文立,季文婷,刘维明.2013.长江三角洲SZ04孔磁性地层研究及其意义.沉积学报,31(6):1041-1049.
张岳桥.2004.晚新生代青藏高原构造挤出及其对中国东部裂陷盆地晚期油气成藏的影响.石油与天然气地质,25(2):162-169.
朱岗崑.2005.古地磁学-基础、原理、方法、成果与应用.北京:科学出版社.174-175.
Liu Xiao-dong&Yin Zhi-yong.2002.Sensitivity of East Asian monsoon climate to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,183(3):223-245.
Zheng Hong-bo,Clift P D,Wang Ping,Tada R,Jia Jun-tao&He Meng-ying,Jourdan F&Affiliations A.2013.Pre-Miocene birth of the Yangtze River.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(19):7556-7561.
范代读,李从先,K.Yokoyama,周保春,李保华,王强,杨守业,邓兵,吴国瑄.2004.长江三角洲晚新生代地层独居石年龄谱与长江贯通时间研究.中国科学(D辑),34(11):1015-1022.
范代读,李从先.2006.河口地层独居石Th(U)-Pb年龄对长江贯通时限的约束.海洋地质动态,22(7):11-15.
傅强,李益,张国栋,刘玉瑞.2007.苏北盆地晚白垩世-古新世海侵湖泊的证据及其地质意义.沉积学报,25(3):380-385.
韩有松,孟广兰,王少青.1987.太湖平原第四纪古地理环境演变若干问题的讨论.海洋地质与第四纪地质,7(1):91-104.
黄湘通,郑洪波,杨守业,等.2009.长江三角洲DY03孔沉积物元素地球化学及其物源示踪意义.第四纪研究,29(2):299-307.
黄湘通,郑洪波,杨守业,Mark Dekker,谢昕,章振铨,方国庆.2008.长江三角洲DY03孔磁性地层研究及其意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,28(6):87-93.
贾军涛,郑洪波,黄湘通,吴福元,杨守业,王可,何梦颖.2010.长江三角洲晚新生代沉积物碎屑锆石U-Pb年龄及其对长江贯通的指示.科学通报,55(4-5):350-358
江苏省地质矿产局.1984.江苏省及上海市区域地质志.北京:地质出版社.1-256.
李吉均,方小敏.1998.青藏高原隆起与环境变化研究.科学通报,43(15):1569-1574.
马润勇,彭建兵,刘利年,潘爱芳.2005.青藏高原隆升的气候环境效应与黄土高原构造侵蚀.水土保持通报,25(05):220-225.
闵秋宝,汪品先.1979.论上海地区的第四纪海进.同济大学学报(自然科学版),(2):109-128.
缪卫东,李世杰,王润华.2008.长江三角洲北翼J9孔揭示地层和古地磁特征.中国地质,35(3):489-495.
莫申国,张百平,程维明,谭娅,肖飞,武红智.2004.青藏高原的主要环境效应.地理科学进展,23(2):88-96.
施雅风,李吉均,李炳元,姚檀栋,王苏民,李世杰,崔之久,王富保,潘保田,方小敏,张青松.1999.晚新生代青藏高原的隆升与东亚环境变化.地理学报,54(1):10-20.
舒强,张茂恒,赵志军,陈晔,李吉均.2008.苏北盆地XH-1钻孔晚新生代沉积记录特征及其与长江贯通时间的关联.地层学杂志,32(3):308-314.
舒强.2004.苏北盆地兴化钻孔近3 Ma环境变化记录研究[博士论文].南京:南京师范大学.
宋友桂,方小敏,李吉均,安芷生,杨东,吕连清.2000.六盘山东麓朝那剖面红黏土年代及其构造意义.第四纪研究,20(5):457-463.
苏朴,樊行昭,赵增建.2000.许家窑泥河湾组高分辨率磁性地层学研究.地球物理学报,43(2):223-231.
王润华,郭坤一,于振江,张于平,梁小红.2005.长江三角洲地区第四纪磁性地层学研究.地层学杂志,29(增刊):612-617.
王靖泰,郭蓄民,许世远,李萍,李从先.1981.全新世长江三角洲的发育.地质学报,(1):67-81.
王颖,张振克,朱大奎,杨競红,毛龙江,李书恒.2006.河海交互作用与苏北平原成因.第四纪研究,26(3):301-320.
吴标云,李从先.1987.长江三角洲第四纪地质.北京:海洋出版社.1-166.
吴锡浩,王苏民.1998.关于晚新生代准1.2Ma周期构造气候旋回.地质力学学报,4(4):1-11.
吴锡浩,安芷生.1996.黄土高原黄土-古土壤序列与青藏高原隆升.中国科学:D辑,26(2):103-110.
肖国桥,郭正堂,陈宇坤,姚政权,邵永新,王旭龙,郝青振,卢演俦.2008.渤海湾西岸BZ1钻孔的磁性地层学研究.第四纪研究,28(5):909-916.
杨競红,王颖,张振克,J.-P Guilbault,毛龙江,魏灵,郭伟,李书恒,徐军,季小梅.2006.苏北平原2.58 Ma以来的海陆环境演变历史-宝应钻孔沉积物的常量元素记录.第四纪研究,26(3):340-352.
杨守业,韦刚健,夏小平,孙敏,唐珉.2007.长江口晚新生代沉积物的物源研究:REE和Nd同位素制约.第四纪研究,27(3):339-346.
杨小强.2000.泥河湾盆地层序地层学与磁性地层学综合研究[博士论文].广州:中国科学院地球化学研究所.
于振江,张于平,王润华,梁晓红.2004.长江三角洲(江南)地区新近纪地层划分及时代讨论.地层学杂志,28(3):257-264.
岳乐平.1985.我国黄土古地磁学研究新进展.地质论评,31(5):453-460.
张茂恒.2008.中新世末期以来苏北盆地沉积环境演化的兴化钻孔记录[博士论文].南京:南京师范大学.
张平,李向前,潘明宝,宗开红,苗巧银,李永祥,欧键,冯文立,季文婷,刘维明.2013.长江三角洲SZ04孔磁性地层研究及其意义.沉积学报,31(6):1041-1049.
张岳桥.2004.晚新生代青藏高原构造挤出及其对中国东部裂陷盆地晚期油气成藏的影响.石油与天然气地质,25(2):162-169.
朱岗崑.2005.古地磁学-基础、原理、方法、成果与应用.北京:科学出版社.174-175.
Liu Xiao-dong&Yin Zhi-yong.2002.Sensitivity of East Asian monsoon climate to the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,183(3):223-245.
Zheng Hong-bo,Clift P D,Wang Ping,Tada R,Jia Jun-tao&He Meng-ying,Jourdan F&Affiliations A.2013.Pre-Miocene birth of the Yangtze River.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,110(19):7556-7561.