中国省域R&D资本存量的测算及空间特征研究
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摘要
基于SNA2008的核算标准,利用永续盘存法对1998～2016年中国大陆地区31个省份的R&D资本存量进行了合理测算,并在此基础上运用探索性空间数据分析对中国省域R&D资本存量的空间特征进行了深入分析。结果显示:中国各地区R&D资本存量稳步增强,但空间布局不合理,区域间差异进一步加剧;目前中国省域R&D资本存量在空间上呈现显著的集聚特征,且随着年份的推移,集聚趋势不断增强;中国大多数省份R&D资本存量呈现"高—高""低—低"集聚的空间二元分布特征,且以"低—低"水平集聚为主。据此,提出了优化中国省域R&D资本存量空间布局、促进区域协调发展的对策建议。
Based on the accounting standard of SNA2008, this paper uses the perpetual inventory method to calculate the R&D capital stock of 31 provinces in China from 1998 to 2016, and uses the exploratory spatial data to analyze in depth the spatial characteristics of China's provincial R&D capital stock. Results show that, the R&D capital stock in all regions of China has steadily increased, but the spatial layout is unreasonable, and the regional differences are further intensified. At present, the R&D capital stock of each province in China presents a significant agglomeration feature in space, and with the passage of the year, the agglomeration trend continues to increase. The R&D capital stock of most provinces in China shows the spatial dual distribution characteristics of "high-high" and "low-low" agglomeration, but mainly concentrated at "low-low" level. Based on these, it proposed some countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the spatial layout of China's provincial R&D capital stock and promoting regional coordinated development.
Based on the accounting standard of SNA2008, this paper uses the perpetual inventory method to calculate the R&D capital stock of 31 provinces in China from 1998 to 2016, and uses the exploratory spatial data to analyze in depth the spatial characteristics of China's provincial R&D capital stock. Results show that, the R&D capital stock in all regions of China has steadily increased, but the spatial layout is unreasonable, and the regional differences are further intensified. At present, the R&D capital stock of each province in China presents a significant agglomeration feature in space, and with the passage of the year, the agglomeration trend continues to increase. The R&D capital stock of most provinces in China shows the spatial dual distribution characteristics of "high-high" and "low-low" agglomeration, but mainly concentrated at "low-low" level. Based on these, it proposed some countermeasures and suggestions for optimizing the spatial layout of China's provincial R&D capital stock and promoting regional coordinated development.
引文
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[2] 许宪春,郑学工.改革研发支出核算方法更好地反映创新驱动作用[J].国家行政学院学报,2016(5):4-12,141.
[3] 高敏雪.研发资本化与GDP核算调整的整体认识与建议[J].统计研究,2017,34(4):3-14.
[4] 刘震,陈丹丹.R&D核算改革对全要素生产率估计精度的影响分析[J].软科学,2018,32(10):10-12,17.
[5] 杨林涛,韩兆洲,王昭颖.多视角下R&D资本化测算方法比较与应用[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2015,32(12):90-106.
[6] 江永宏,孙凤娥.中国R&D资本存量测算:1952～2014年[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2016,33(7):112-129.
[7] 王开科.R&D资本存量估计:1995～2017[J].税务与经济,2018(5):19-25.
[8] 刘建翠,郑世林.中国省域R&D资本存量的估计:1990-2014[J].财经问题研究,2016(12):100-107.
[9] 陈宇峰,朱荣军.中国区域R&D资本存量的再估算:1998-2012[J].科学学研究,2016,34(1):69-80,141.
[10] 刘金山,丁卓琪.省域R&D资本化及其对经济增长贡献研究[J].产经评论,2017,8(6):5-21.
[11] 侯睿婕,陈钰芬.SNA框架下中国省域R&D资本存量的估算[J].统计研究,2018,35(5):19-28.
[12] 吴延兵.R&D存量、知识函数与生产效率[J].经济学(季刊),2006(3):1129-1156.
[13] 王俊.中国制造业R&D资本存量的测算(1998-2005)[J].统计研究,2009,26(4):13-18.
[14] 王亚菲,王春云.中国行业层面研究与试验发展资本存量核算[J].数量经济技术经济研究,2018,35(1):94-110.
[15] Goldsmith R W.A Perpetual Inventory of National Wealth[J].Studies in Income and Wealth,1951,14(3):5-73.
[16] Griliches Z,Lichetenbegr Frank.Interindustry Technology Flows and Productivity Growth:A Reexamination[J].Review of Economics Statistics,1984,66(2):324-329.
[17] Bronwyn H Hall,Jacques Mairesse.Exploring the Relationship between R&D and Productivity in French Manufacturing Firms[J].Journal of Econometrics,1995,65(1):263-293.
[18] Hu Albert G Z,Jefferson Gary H,Qian Jinchang.R&D and Technology Transfer:Firm-Level Evidence from Chinese Industry[J].Review of Economics and Statistics,2005,87(4):780-786.
[19] OECD.Handbook on Deriving Capital Measures of Intellectual Property Products[M].Paris:OECD Publishing,2010.
[20] Eurostat.Manual on Measuring Research and Development in ESA 2010[M].Lueembourg:Eurostat Publishing,2014.
[21] Griliches Z,Mairesse J.R&D and Productivity Growth:Comparing Japanese and U.S.Manufacturing Firms[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1991.