季节性蜿蜒河道生态景观构建
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摘要
针对河道生态景观受地域影响的问题,以典型季节性蜿蜒河道——羊肠子河道治理为例,对现状河道生态需水量、蜿蜒性、连通性及景观建设现状进行分析。结果表明河流的蜿蜒性、连通性及现有景观呈现效果均较差,生态景观欠缺。为此,提出"在保证河道自身稳定健康的基础上结合周边土地利用情况构建生态景观"的生态整治措施。通过维护生态基流与建设护岸栖息地以维护河道的稳定健康;通过优化乡村便道以及建设沿河生态景观以防风固沙、涵养水源、保护物种多样性,从而增强河道连通性、打造生态走廊、优化生态景观、健全生态平衡、改善环境。
In view that the river's ecological landscape is affected by the regional conditions,we carry out an analysis and evaluation of it from multiple aspects including the river's ecological water quantity,meandering state,connectivity,as well as landscape construction based on a typical seasonal meandering river,the Yangchangzi River.The result reveals that the meandering state,connectivity,and landscape presentation of the river are all poor and it is lack of ecological landscape. So,we put forward the measure of constructing the ecological landscape under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the river's stability and health and considering the surrounding land utilization: by maintaining the ecological base flow and constructing the bank habitat to ensure the stability and health of the river,by optimizing the rural road and constructing the ecological landscape to realize the windbreak & sand fixation,water conservation and protect species diversity,so as to strengthen the connectivity and ecological balance of the river,create an ecological corridor,optimize the ecological landscape and improve the environment.
In view that the river's ecological landscape is affected by the regional conditions,we carry out an analysis and evaluation of it from multiple aspects including the river's ecological water quantity,meandering state,connectivity,as well as landscape construction based on a typical seasonal meandering river,the Yangchangzi River.The result reveals that the meandering state,connectivity,and landscape presentation of the river are all poor and it is lack of ecological landscape. So,we put forward the measure of constructing the ecological landscape under the prerequisite of guaranteeing the river's stability and health and considering the surrounding land utilization: by maintaining the ecological base flow and constructing the bank habitat to ensure the stability and health of the river,by optimizing the rural road and constructing the ecological landscape to realize the windbreak & sand fixation,water conservation and protect species diversity,so as to strengthen the connectivity and ecological balance of the river,create an ecological corridor,optimize the ecological landscape and improve the environment.
引文
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[8]内蒙古瀚远工程咨询有限公司.嘎斯汰河林西镇城区段和羊肠子河城区段综合治理工程可行性研究报告[R].呼和浩特:内蒙古瀚远工程咨询有限公司,2016.
[9]赤峰水利规划设计研究院.林西县河道治理与环境改善ppp项目-羊肠子河道治理工程初步设计[R].赤峰:赤峰水利规划设计研究院,2017.
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[11]钟华平,刘恒,耿雷华,等.河道内生态需水估算方法及其评述[J].水科学进展,2006,17(3):430-434.
[12]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司.文昌市文教河“一河一策”方案[R].广州:中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,2018.
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[14]方佳佳,王烜,孙涛,等.河流连通性及其对生态水文过程影响研究进展[J].水资源与水工程学报,2018,29(2):19-26.
[15]水利部建设与管理司.“一河(湖)一策”方案编制指南[R].北京:中华人民共和国水利部,2017.
[2]王宏涛,董哲仁,赵进勇,等.蜿蜒型河流地貌异质性及生态学意义研究进展[J].水资源保护,2015,31(6):81-85.
[3]SEIFERT A.Naturnaeherer Wasserbau[J].Deutsche Wasser-wirtschaft,1983,33(12):361-366.
[4]邱佩璜.杭州市城市河道生态治理模式与河道评价体系研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2017.
[5]COOPER R J,BATTAMS Z M,PEARL S H,et al.Mitigating river sediment enrichment through the construction of roadside wetlands[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2019,231(1):146-154.
[6]孟捷.北方季节性河流生态修复功能下的景观构建研究:以清涧河为例[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2017.
[7]史礼涓.北方河道城市段景观改造中的亲水设计研究-以武威杨家坝河为例[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2014.
[8]内蒙古瀚远工程咨询有限公司.嘎斯汰河林西镇城区段和羊肠子河城区段综合治理工程可行性研究报告[R].呼和浩特:内蒙古瀚远工程咨询有限公司,2016.
[9]赤峰水利规划设计研究院.林西县河道治理与环境改善ppp项目-羊肠子河道治理工程初步设计[R].赤峰:赤峰水利规划设计研究院,2017.
[10]徐志侠,董增川,周健康,等.生态需水计算的蒙大拿法及其应用[J].水利水电技术,2003,34(11):15-17.
[11]钟华平,刘恒,耿雷华,等.河道内生态需水估算方法及其评述[J].水科学进展,2006,17(3):430-434.
[12]中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司.文昌市文教河“一河一策”方案[R].广州:中水珠江规划勘测设计有限公司,2018.
[13]中国水利水电科学研究院.水生态文明城市建设评价导则:SL/Z 738-2016[S].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2016.
[14]方佳佳,王烜,孙涛,等.河流连通性及其对生态水文过程影响研究进展[J].水资源与水工程学报,2018,29(2):19-26.
[15]水利部建设与管理司.“一河(湖)一策”方案编制指南[R].北京:中华人民共和国水利部,2017.