小型前悬挂双圆盘牧草收割机切割器仿真分析
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摘要
为分析小型前悬挂双圆盘牧草收割机切割器的工作性能,通过SolidWorks软件建立切割器三维模型,利用ADAMS软件对切割器刀片完成运动仿真分析,对切割器的输入轴进行有限元力学分析和模态分析。结果显示,刀片上单点运动是以一定的频率波动和振幅前进,切割器的运动满足牧草收割要求;输入轴的最大应力值为28.4 MPa,应力最大处主要集中在轴承颈及键槽附近,输入轴最大应力小于轴的屈服极限,输入轴的最大位移值为0.013 2 mm,应变从轴承位置向齿轮啮合方向逐渐减少,满足强度和刚度要求;振动方式主要为扭曲振动和弯曲振动,当输入轴的工作转速为2 000 r/min时,对应的频率为33.3 Hz,远小于输入轴第一阶频率1 104.5 Hz,机构不会产生共振现象,输入轴能够保证可靠、安全的正常作业。
In order to analyze the working performance of the small front hanging double disc pasture harvester, a three-dimensional model of the cutter was established by applying SolidWorks software, and the movement simulation analysis of the cutter blade was completed by applying ADAMS software. Finite element mechanical analysis and modal analysis of the input shaft were conducted. The results show that the movement of a single point on the blade forward with a certain frequency fluctuation and amplitude, and the movement meets the requirements of pasture harvesting. The maximum stress value of the input shaft is 28.4 MPa, the maximum stress of the input shaft is less than the yield limit, the maximum displacement of the input shaft is 0.013 2 mm, and the strain gradually decreases from the bearing position to the meshing direction of the gear, meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. Vibration mode is mainly twisted and bending vibration, when the working speed of the input shaft is 2 000 r/min, the corresponding frequency is 33.3 Hz, which is far less than the first frequency of the input shaft, 1 104.5 Hz, the machine resonance phenomenon will not occur and the input shaft is good enough for reliable and safe normal operation.
In order to analyze the working performance of the small front hanging double disc pasture harvester, a three-dimensional model of the cutter was established by applying SolidWorks software, and the movement simulation analysis of the cutter blade was completed by applying ADAMS software. Finite element mechanical analysis and modal analysis of the input shaft were conducted. The results show that the movement of a single point on the blade forward with a certain frequency fluctuation and amplitude, and the movement meets the requirements of pasture harvesting. The maximum stress value of the input shaft is 28.4 MPa, the maximum stress of the input shaft is less than the yield limit, the maximum displacement of the input shaft is 0.013 2 mm, and the strain gradually decreases from the bearing position to the meshing direction of the gear, meets the requirements of strength and stiffness. Vibration mode is mainly twisted and bending vibration, when the working speed of the input shaft is 2 000 r/min, the corresponding frequency is 33.3 Hz, which is far less than the first frequency of the input shaft, 1 104.5 Hz, the machine resonance phenomenon will not occur and the input shaft is good enough for reliable and safe normal operation.
引文
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[14] 李敏通,刘家骥,朱李军,等.联合收割机割台及过桥振动有限元模态分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(7):10-16.Li Mintong,Liu Jiaji,Zhu Lijun,et al.Vibration finite element modal analysis of combine harvester header and inclined conveyer [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(7):10-16.
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[2] 翟改霞,包德胜,李凤鸣,等.国内外牧草搂集技术及典型设备分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(12):198-202.Zhai Gaixia,Bao Desheng,Li Fengming,et al.Domestic and international analysis on raking technology and typical device of forages [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(12):198-202.
[3] 刘恒新,王忠群.我国畜牧业机械化水平评价指标体系研究[J].中国农机化,2012(4):3-5.Liu Hengxin,Wang Zhongqun.Research on the index system to evaluate the level of animal husbandry mechanization [J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(4):3-5.
[4] 王刚,吴崇友,伍德林.我国通用型联合收割机现状与发展思考[J].中国农机化学报,2013,34(6):6-8.Wang Gang.Wu Chongyou,Wu Delin.Current situation and development of universal combine harvester in China [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013,34(6):6-8.
[5] 徐柱.中国牧草手册[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004.
[6] 章跃洪,毛琦同,胡新华,等.YM60型无级变速箱割台轴有限元分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(10):18-22.Zhang Yuehong,Mao Qitong,Hu Xinhua,et al.Finite element analysis on header shaft of YM60 continuously variable transmission [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(10):18-22.
[7] 马根众,杨振立.牧草收割机械的分类与选择[J].山东农机化,2004(3):30.
[8] 赵满全,刘伟锋,赵士杰,等.前置式双圆盘割草机的研制与试验[J].中国农机化,2004(5):28-30.Zhang Manquan,Liu Fengwei,Zhao Shijie,et al.The development and experiment of front-mounted disc mower [J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2004(5):28-30.
[9] 李杰,阎楚良,杨方飞.基于虚拟样机技术的联合收获机切割机构的仿真[J].农业机械学报,2006,37(10):74-76.Li Jie,Yan Chuliang,Yang Fangfei.Research on cutter's simulation of combine harvester based on virtual prototyping technology [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2006,37(10):74-76.
[10] 卢里耶,格罗姆勃切夫斯基.农业机械的设计和计算[M].北京:中国农业机械出版社,1984.
[11] 耿端阳,张铁中,罗辉,等.我国农业机械发展趋势分析[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(4):208-210.Geng Duanyang,Zhang Tiezhong,Luo Hui,et al.Analysis of the development trend of agricultural machinery in China [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2004,35(4):208-210.
[12] 赵武云.ADAMS基础与应用实例教程[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2012.
[13] 邢静忠,李军.ANSYS的建模方法和网格划分[J].中国水运,2006,6(9):118-120.Xing Jinzhong,Li Jun.Modeling methods and grid partitioning of ANSYS [J].China Water Transport,2006,6(9):118-120.
[14] 李敏通,刘家骥,朱李军,等.联合收割机割台及过桥振动有限元模态分析[J].中国农机化学报,2017,38(7):10-16.Li Mintong,Liu Jiaji,Zhu Lijun,et al.Vibration finite element modal analysis of combine harvester header and inclined conveyer [J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2017,38(7):10-16.
[15] 徐中华,张茜,程伟.基于UG和ANSYS的四缸曲轴有限元模态分析[J].机械工程与自动化,2009(4):17-19.Xu Zhonghua,Zhang Qian,Chen Wei.Finite element modal analysis of the four-cylinder crankshaft based on UG and ANSYS [J].Mechanical engineering and automation,2009(4):17-19.