健康视角下住区外部空间模式语言研究
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摘要
健康是我们一直在追求和探索的一个议题。健康住区作为最基本的健康单元体,承载着居民最本质的健康活动——居住和生活。住区外部空间与人类健康息息相关,千篇一律的住区外部空间建设,导致住区外部空间利用率不高、创造邻里交往机会不多,缺少人情味等,不利于健康活动的展开。而目前对住区外部空间的研究,仅集中在对规模、大小、形态、空间划分、交往空间等方面,缺少对健康的考虑。文章从健康的角度出发,从健康的本质身体(不同年龄段)、心理(行为)、适应社会(场所)3个大的方面,对城市居民住区外部空间健康需求进行分析,总结健康住区外部空间设计模式语言,以期对后续住区外部空间设计及改造有所启示。
Health is an issue we have been pursuing and exploring. As the basic unit of healthy body,health residential areas carry the basic healthy living activities of residents. Residential exterior space and human health is closely related.The external space construction of residential areas is stereotyped,thus cause the low utilization rate of the external space,less opportunities for creating neighborhood communication,and depersonalization.All these are not conducive to the healthy activities.And the current researches on the external space of residential area only focus on the scale,size,shape,spatial subdivision,communication space and so on,and are lack of health consideration.In this paper,from the health point of view,from the three aspects of the nature of health(different ages),psychology(behavior)and social adaptation(place),the requirements for external space health of residents were analyzed,the healthy residential external spatial pattern language were summarized,in order to provide inspiration for the design and transformation of the external space.
Health is an issue we have been pursuing and exploring. As the basic unit of healthy body,health residential areas carry the basic healthy living activities of residents. Residential exterior space and human health is closely related.The external space construction of residential areas is stereotyped,thus cause the low utilization rate of the external space,less opportunities for creating neighborhood communication,and depersonalization.All these are not conducive to the healthy activities.And the current researches on the external space of residential area only focus on the scale,size,shape,spatial subdivision,communication space and so on,and are lack of health consideration.In this paper,from the health point of view,from the three aspects of the nature of health(different ages),psychology(behavior)and social adaptation(place),the requirements for external space health of residents were analyzed,the healthy residential external spatial pattern language were summarized,in order to provide inspiration for the design and transformation of the external space.
引文
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[15]凯文·林奇著.城市意象[M].北京:华夏出版社,2001.
[16]李道增.环境行为学概论[M].北京:清华大学出本社,1999.
[17]王建国.现代城市设计理论和方法[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1991.
[18]吕红.城市公共空间的人性化设计[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[19]张国忠,邢强.“以人为本”的住区环境景观设计[J].园林仲秋版,2006,(9):19.
[2]周向红.健康城市国际经验与中国方略[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008.
[3]斯文尼·唐纳德.西方健康城市与社区的发展史[J].住区,2004,(3):36-39.
[4]李卫平,成莉.日本“健康城市”的主要特征及可借鉴的经验,中国公共卫生.2003,19(6):673-674.
[5]周向红.欧洲健康城市项目的发展脉络与基本规则论略[J].国际城市规划,2007,(4):64-70.
[6]许从宝,仲德邑,李娜.当代国际健康城市运动基本理论研究纲要[J].城市规划国际城市规划,2005,(10):52-59.
[7]李丽萍.国外的健康城市规划[J].规划师,2003,(6):40-43.
[8] Barton H,Tsourou C.Healthy Urban Planning:a WHO Guide Planning for People[M].London:Spon Press,2000.
[9]克里斯托弗.亚历山大.建筑模式语言[M].北京:知识产权出版社,2002.
[10]凯文·林奇,项秉仁(译).城市的印象[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990.
[11]杨·盖尔,何人可(译).交往与空间[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2002.
[12]芦原义信.外部空间设计[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1985.
[13]丁金华.居住区绿地模式生态优化之探析[J].四川建筑科学研究,2009,35(6):278-280.
[14]白皓文.健康导向下城市住区空间构成及营造策略研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012.
[15]凯文·林奇著.城市意象[M].北京:华夏出版社,2001.
[16]李道增.环境行为学概论[M].北京:清华大学出本社,1999.
[17]王建国.现代城市设计理论和方法[M].南京:东南大学出版社,1991.
[18]吕红.城市公共空间的人性化设计[D].天津:天津大学,2004.
[19]张国忠,邢强.“以人为本”的住区环境景观设计[J].园林仲秋版,2006,(9):19.