甲供资源约束条件下南水北调工程项目群工期-费用优化模型研究
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摘要
在研究项目群工期—费用优化问题时,首先剖析了项目群工期—费用优化机理。然后建立了甲供资源约束条件下项目群实施前的工期—费用优化模型,对初始网络计划进行优化,使业主支付款净现值最小。但由于项目群中各合同项目间存在资源竞争和工期冲突等矛盾,可能引起某一合同项目的工期延误。基于此,构建项目群实施过程中的工期—费用优化模型,对实施前优化后的网络计划进行动态调整。最后结合南水北调某X项目群对比了不同工期—费用优化下的结果。结果显示:两阶段的项目群工期—费用优化可实现项目群的费用控制目标,为项目经理确定项目群中各合同项目的起始时间提供依据。
Since 2015,the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce jointly released the VisionandActionsforPromotingtheBuildingofthe BeltandRoadInitiative.Afterwards,more and more large and medium-sized construction projects are undertaken at home and abroad.In order to make sure that the three control objectives of duration,cost and quality can be implemented successfully,the program management of large and medium-sized construction projects came into being.Based on this,this paper focuses on the duration-cost optimization of program,and establishes a time-cost optimization model before the implementation of the program under the condition of resource constraints,then the initial network plan is optimized.After that,taking the penalty fee(f(Ti))into consideration,which is proposed by the employer to the contractor due to the delay of the bidding section on the non-critical path,the duration-cost optimization model during the implementation of the program is constructed,then the optimized network plan before implementation is dynamically adjusted,so that the net present value of the employer's payment can be minimized.Finally,the results of different duration-cost optimization are illustrated by an example:program X of South-toNorth Water Diversion.The results show that the two-stage proposed model can actualize the optimization of program's cost control objective and provide the basis for the employer to determine the starting time of each bidding section in the program.In this way,the program optimization theory can be further improved.
Since 2015,the National Development and Reform Commission,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce jointly released the VisionandActionsforPromotingtheBuildingofthe BeltandRoadInitiative.Afterwards,more and more large and medium-sized construction projects are undertaken at home and abroad.In order to make sure that the three control objectives of duration,cost and quality can be implemented successfully,the program management of large and medium-sized construction projects came into being.Based on this,this paper focuses on the duration-cost optimization of program,and establishes a time-cost optimization model before the implementation of the program under the condition of resource constraints,then the initial network plan is optimized.After that,taking the penalty fee(f(Ti))into consideration,which is proposed by the employer to the contractor due to the delay of the bidding section on the non-critical path,the duration-cost optimization model during the implementation of the program is constructed,then the optimized network plan before implementation is dynamically adjusted,so that the net present value of the employer's payment can be minimized.Finally,the results of different duration-cost optimization are illustrated by an example:program X of South-toNorth Water Diversion.The results show that the two-stage proposed model can actualize the optimization of program's cost control objective and provide the basis for the employer to determine the starting time of each bidding section in the program.In this way,the program optimization theory can be further improved.
引文
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[14]耿瑞,朱建军,王翯华,等.基于z标记的灰色GERT多任务项目费用优化研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(4):133-142.
[15]丰景春,黄洁仙,张可,等.基于子网络的大中型工程项目群工期提前奖励模型研究[J].软科学,2016,30(6):124-129.
[16]汪玉亭,张可,丰景春,等.基于子网络的项目群工期延误惩罚模型研究[J].运筹与管理,2017,26(6):191-199.
[17]张春生,严广乐.基于资源时间因子的DSM项目群进度优化研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(4):93-100.
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[22]何正文,刘人境,徐渝.基于不同支付条件的现金流均衡项目调度优化[J].管理科学学报,2011,14(8):75-85.
[23]Bruni M E,Pugliese L D P,Beraldi P,et al.An adjustable robust optimization model for the resourceconstrained project scheduling problem with uncertain activity durations[J].Omega,2017,71:66-84.
[24]尹贻林,郑小侠,徐志超.基于收益管理的项目群拉式管理机制研究[J].软科学,2016,30(2):139-144.
[25]Chan D W M,Chan A P C,Lam P T I,et al.An empirical survey of the motives and benefits of adopting guaranteed maximum price and target cost contracts in construction[J].International Journal of Project Management,2011,29(5):577-590.
[26]Feng Jingchun,Hu Zhengren,Ren Yafang,et al.Construction period reward model of contract works for large and medium-sized projects from a viewpoint of program[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2012,32(6):1369-1376.
[2]尹贻林,刘艳辉.基于项目群治理框架的大型建设项目集成管理模式研究[J].软科学,2009,23(8):20-25.
[3]梁莱歆,熊艳.基于研发项目生命周期的成本管理模式研究[J].科研管理,2010,31(1):170-176.
[4]Chakrabortty R K,Sarker R A,Essam D L.Resource constrained project scheduling with uncertain activity durations[J].Computers&Industrial Engineering,2017,112:537-550.
[5]De P,Dunne E J,Ghosh J B,et al.Complexity of the discrete time-cost tradeoff problem for project networks[J].Operations Research,1997,45(2):302-306.
[6]Deǐneko V G,Woeginger G J.Hardness of approximation of the discrete time-cost tradeoff problem[J].Operations Research Letters,2001,29(5):207-210.
[7]Haque K M A,Hasin M A A.Fuzzy based project time-cost optimization using simulated annealing search technique[J].International Journal of Information Technology Project Management,2014,5(1):90-103.
[8]何正文,刘人境,胡信布.基于合同双方交互作用的项目调度优化[J].管理科学学报,2014,17(8):48-59.
[9]苏菊宁,蒋昌盛,刘晨光,等.基于奖惩机制的建筑供应链工期协调优化研究[J].中国管理科学,2010,18(1):95-101.
[10]于静,徐哲,谢芳.活动重叠模式与资源约束下的项目调度优化[J].管理科学学报,2017(9):36-45.
[11]郑维博,何正文,刘人境.随机工期下基于可更新资源约束的Max-npv项目鲁棒性调度优化[J].管理工程学报,2017,31(4):186-193.
[12]陈耀明.工程建设项目多目标综合优化研究[J].中国管理科学,2004,12(S1):173-176.
[13]王益锋,仲毅.基于粒子群算法的企业项目群进度优化模型研究[J].软科学,2014,28(6):16-20.
[14]耿瑞,朱建军,王翯华,等.基于z标记的灰色GERT多任务项目费用优化研究[J].中国管理科学,2017,25(4):133-142.
[15]丰景春,黄洁仙,张可,等.基于子网络的大中型工程项目群工期提前奖励模型研究[J].软科学,2016,30(6):124-129.
[16]汪玉亭,张可,丰景春,等.基于子网络的项目群工期延误惩罚模型研究[J].运筹与管理,2017,26(6):191-199.
[17]张春生,严广乐.基于资源时间因子的DSM项目群进度优化研究[J].运筹与管理,2013,22(4):93-100.
[18]黄健仓.建设企业多项目管理中的资源调度问题研究[J].中国软科学,2016,(1):176-183.
[19]Pinha D,Ahluwalia R,Senna P.The combinatorial multi-mode resource constrained multi-project scheduling problem[J].International Journal of Supply&Operations Management.2017,3(3):1391-1412.
[20]Carroll J M.Gower handbook of project management[M].Hampshire,England:Gower Publishing,1998.
[21]丰景春,洪玉振,张晶,等.关于项目群全生命周期的研究[J].统计与决策,2010,(9):38-40.
[22]何正文,刘人境,徐渝.基于不同支付条件的现金流均衡项目调度优化[J].管理科学学报,2011,14(8):75-85.
[23]Bruni M E,Pugliese L D P,Beraldi P,et al.An adjustable robust optimization model for the resourceconstrained project scheduling problem with uncertain activity durations[J].Omega,2017,71:66-84.
[24]尹贻林,郑小侠,徐志超.基于收益管理的项目群拉式管理机制研究[J].软科学,2016,30(2):139-144.
[25]Chan D W M,Chan A P C,Lam P T I,et al.An empirical survey of the motives and benefits of adopting guaranteed maximum price and target cost contracts in construction[J].International Journal of Project Management,2011,29(5):577-590.
[26]Feng Jingchun,Hu Zhengren,Ren Yafang,et al.Construction period reward model of contract works for large and medium-sized projects from a viewpoint of program[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2012,32(6):1369-1376.