岩石纵波波速测值的影响因素研究
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摘要
超声波技术被广泛应用于检测岩体性质。超声波纵波波速是反应岩体性质的重要参数。使用超声波测试仪测岩石的纵波波速时,换能器频率、换能器放置位置、耦合剂、岩石面理、含水状态等可能对波速的测值产生影响。本文在不同的测试条件下分别测试了岩石的纵波波速,分析了各个影响因素对测值的影响规律。结果表明,岩石纵波波速的测量结果受耦合剂种类、换能器频率、岩石面理、岩石含水状态的影响,不受换能器放置位置的影响。本文的研究结果可供岩石纵波波速测试的规范参考。
Ultrasonic testing technique is widely used to detect rock properties. Ultrasonic compression wave velocity is the important parameter that indicates the properties of rock mass. When using an ultrasonic tester to measure the compression wave velocity of rocks, the transducer frequency, the transducer placement,the coupling agent,the veins and the hydrous state may affect the results of the wave velocity. In this paper,the compression wave velocities of rocks are tested and analyzed under the different testing conditions and the various influence factors on the measured values. The results show that the measurement results of rock compression wave velocities are affected by the type of coupling agent,transducer frequency,rock veins and hydrous state,but are not affected by the placement of the transducer.The results could be used as a reference for the specification of rock compression wave velocity test.
Ultrasonic testing technique is widely used to detect rock properties. Ultrasonic compression wave velocity is the important parameter that indicates the properties of rock mass. When using an ultrasonic tester to measure the compression wave velocity of rocks, the transducer frequency, the transducer placement,the coupling agent,the veins and the hydrous state may affect the results of the wave velocity. In this paper,the compression wave velocities of rocks are tested and analyzed under the different testing conditions and the various influence factors on the measured values. The results show that the measurement results of rock compression wave velocities are affected by the type of coupling agent,transducer frequency,rock veins and hydrous state,but are not affected by the placement of the transducer.The results could be used as a reference for the specification of rock compression wave velocity test.
引文
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[7]邓华锋,原先凡,李建林等.饱水度对砂岩纵波波速及强度影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(8):1625~1631.Deng Huafeng,Yuan Xianfan,Li Jianlin et al. Experimental research on influence of saturation degree on sandstone longitudinal wave velocity and strength[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(8):1625~1631.(in Chinese)
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[10]方华,伍向阳,杨伟.岩石中裂纹对弹性波速度的影响[J].地球物理学进展,1998,13(4):79~83.Fang Hua,Wu Xiangyang,Yang Wei. The influences of cracks in compressional wave velocity[J]. Progress in Geophysics,1998,13(4):79~83.(in Chinese)
[11]赵闯,李成波,杨映希等.超声波速度测定中影响因素的实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2232~2240.Zhao Chuang,Li Chengbo,Yang Yingxi et al. Study on the laboratory for the influence factors in ultrasonic velocity measurement[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(6):2232~2240.(in Chinese)
[12]李盟.煤体超声波速度影响因素的实验研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2014.Li Meng. Experimental study on influence factors of ultrasonic velocities in coal[D]. Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2014.(in Chinese)
[13]张中俭,杨曦光,叶富建等.北京房山大理岩的岩石学微观特征及风化机理讨论[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(2):279~286.Zhang Zhongjian,Yang Xiguang,Ye Fujian et al. Microscopic characteristics of petrography and discussion on weathering mechanism Fangshan marble in Beijing[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(2):279~286.(in Chinese)
[14] Malaga-Starzec K,kesson U,Lindqvist J E et al. Microscopic and macroscopic characterization of the porosity of marble as a function of temperature and impregnation[J]. Construction&Building Materials,2006,20(10):939~947.
[15]孙强,姜春露,朱术云等.饱水岩石水稳试验及力学特性研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):236~240.Sun Qiang,Jiang Chunlu,Zhu Shuyun et al. Water stability test and mechanical property of water saturated rocks[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):236~240.(in Chinese)
[16]吴刚,刘松,陈虎传等.水对岩石超声性能影响的试验研究[A].第十届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C].威海:中国岩石力学与工程学会,2008.Wu Gang,Liu Song,Chen Huchuan et al. Testing study on influence of water on ultrasonic properties of rocks[A]. The Thenth National Rock Mechanics and Engineering Conference[C]. Weihai:Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics and Engineers,2008.(in Chinese)
[17]佚名.声波在松矿大理岩、白云岩试件中的传播特性[J].昆明工学院学报,1982,(1):16~32.Anonymous. Law of the sound wave which travel through the marble and the dolomite in Song Shu-Jiao Mine[J]. Journal of Kunming Institute of Technology,1982,(1):16~32.(in Chinese)
[2]马涛,和玲,S. Simon.超声波技术在大佛寺石窟石质保护中的应用[J].文物保护与考古科学,1997,(2):33~39.Ma Tao, He Lin, S. Simon. The application of ultrasonic measurements in conservation of sanelstone at Dafosi grotto[J].Science of Conservation and Archaeology,1997,(2):33~39.(in Chinese)
[3]邵长云,钟庆华,葛双成等.利用岩体波速定量划分岩石风化度的试验研究[J].工程勘察,2012,40(3):87~90.Shao Changyun,Zhong Qinghua,Ge Shuangcheng et al. The research on quantitative dividing rock’s efflorescent degree using wave velocity test[J]. Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2012,40(3):87~90.(in Chinese)
[4]张中俭,张涛,邵明申等.基于超声波法的石质文物表面裂隙深度测量[J].工程勘察,2014,42(7):81~86.Zhang Zhongjian,Zhang Tao,Shao Mingshen et al. Assessment of the crack depth on the surface of stone cultural relics using ultrasonic method[J]. Geotechnical Investigation&Surveying,2014,42(7):81~86.(in Chinese)
[5]徐晓炼,张茹,戴峰等.煤岩特性对超声波速影响的试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(4):793~800.Xu Xiaolian,Zhang Ru,Dai Feng et al. Effect of coal and rock characteristics on ultrasonic velocity[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(4):793~800.(in Chinese)
[6] Murphy, W, Reischer el al. Modulus decomposition of compressional and shear velocities in sand bodies[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics&Mining Sciences&Geomechanics Abstracts,1993,30(5):291~292.
[7]邓华锋,原先凡,李建林等.饱水度对砂岩纵波波速及强度影响的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(8):1625~1631.Deng Huafeng,Yuan Xianfan,Li Jianlin et al. Experimental research on influence of saturation degree on sandstone longitudinal wave velocity and strength[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(8):1625~1631.(in Chinese)
[8]翟小洁.岩石在单轴受荷条件下的超声波特性研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.Zhai Xiaojie. The experimental research of ultrasonic characterization for rock under uniaxal load[D]. Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2008.(in Chinese)
[9]杜守继,马明,陈浩华等.花岗岩经历不同高温后纵波波速分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1803~1806.Du Shouji,Ma Ming,Chen Haohua et al. Testing study on longitudinal wave characteristics of granite after high temperature[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1803~1806.(in Chinese)
[10]方华,伍向阳,杨伟.岩石中裂纹对弹性波速度的影响[J].地球物理学进展,1998,13(4):79~83.Fang Hua,Wu Xiangyang,Yang Wei. The influences of cracks in compressional wave velocity[J]. Progress in Geophysics,1998,13(4):79~83.(in Chinese)
[11]赵闯,李成波,杨映希等.超声波速度测定中影响因素的实验研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(6):2232~2240.Zhao Chuang,Li Chengbo,Yang Yingxi et al. Study on the laboratory for the influence factors in ultrasonic velocity measurement[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2011,26(6):2232~2240.(in Chinese)
[12]李盟.煤体超声波速度影响因素的实验研究[D].焦作:河南理工大学,2014.Li Meng. Experimental study on influence factors of ultrasonic velocities in coal[D]. Jiaozuo:Henan Polytechnic University,2014.(in Chinese)
[13]张中俭,杨曦光,叶富建等.北京房山大理岩的岩石学微观特征及风化机理讨论[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(2):279~286.Zhang Zhongjian,Yang Xiguang,Ye Fujian et al. Microscopic characteristics of petrography and discussion on weathering mechanism Fangshan marble in Beijing[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2015,23(2):279~286.(in Chinese)
[14] Malaga-Starzec K,kesson U,Lindqvist J E et al. Microscopic and macroscopic characterization of the porosity of marble as a function of temperature and impregnation[J]. Construction&Building Materials,2006,20(10):939~947.
[15]孙强,姜春露,朱术云等.饱水岩石水稳试验及力学特性研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2011,28(2):236~240.Sun Qiang,Jiang Chunlu,Zhu Shuyun et al. Water stability test and mechanical property of water saturated rocks[J]. Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2011,28(2):236~240.(in Chinese)
[16]吴刚,刘松,陈虎传等.水对岩石超声性能影响的试验研究[A].第十届全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C].威海:中国岩石力学与工程学会,2008.Wu Gang,Liu Song,Chen Huchuan et al. Testing study on influence of water on ultrasonic properties of rocks[A]. The Thenth National Rock Mechanics and Engineering Conference[C]. Weihai:Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics and Engineers,2008.(in Chinese)
[17]佚名.声波在松矿大理岩、白云岩试件中的传播特性[J].昆明工学院学报,1982,(1):16~32.Anonymous. Law of the sound wave which travel through the marble and the dolomite in Song Shu-Jiao Mine[J]. Journal of Kunming Institute of Technology,1982,(1):16~32.(in Chinese)