一般工业污泥环境管理现状及建议探讨
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摘要
根据污泥的属性可将其分为危险废物污泥和一般工业污泥。对于危险废物污泥,相关法律法规及规范要求较多、管理要求严格,且收集、处置单位都须有危险废物经营许可证,相关单位和部门都更重视,而一般工业污泥的管理却往往被忽视。因此,如何科学合理地开展一般工业污泥环境管理工作,有效防止污泥造成二次污染,已成为我国各级政府和企业亟须解决的焦点问题。本文研究了一般工业污泥的产生及处置利用现状,比较了目前的处置利用方式,并在重点分析一般工业污泥环境管理中存在问题的基础上,提出了相关的建议,希望能为一般工业污泥处置和管理工作提供参考。研究指出,污泥的末端处理是指对污泥进行脱水、稳定、干化或焚烧使污泥稳定化、减量化和无害化处理的过程。目前污泥处理方式主要有焚烧、填埋、制建材、堆肥等。针对当前我国一般工业污泥环境管理存在污泥底数不明、缺乏处置单位名单、运输转移不规范、处置能力不足等问题,建议开发网上申报系统、规范转运过程、倡导污泥减量化、加强能力建设、增加集中收集点、建立定期咨询制度。
According to the properties of sludge,it can be divided into hazardous waste sludge and general industrial sludge.As for hazardous waste sludge, relevant laws, regulations and norms require more requirements and strict management requirements,and the collection and disposal units must have hazardous waste operating license, relevant units and departments pay more attention to,but the general management of industrial sludge is often ignored. Therefore,how to carry out general industrial sludge environmental management in a scientific and reasonable manner and effectively prevent secondary pollution caused by sludge has become the focus of the government and enterprises at all levels in China. The current situation of the generation,disposal and utilization of general industrial sludge were analyzed,and the current disposal and utilization methods were compared with each other. On the basis of the analysis of the problems existing in the environmental management of general industrial sludge,relevant suggestions were presented in order to provide a reference for the further management and disposal of general industrial sludge. The research points out that the end treatment of sludge refers to the process of dewatering,stabilizing,drying or burning the sludge to stabilize, reduce and harmless treatment. At present, sludge treatment methods mainly include incineration,landfill,building materials,compost,etc. In view of the current general industrial sludge environmental management in our country to list sludge base number is unknown,the lack of disposal unit,transport is not standard,lacking the ability to dispose of such issues, suggestions are the following: to develop online declaration system,standard,advocating sludge decrement,the transfer process to strengthen the construction of ability,increasing the centralism collection point,establish regular consultation system.
According to the properties of sludge,it can be divided into hazardous waste sludge and general industrial sludge.As for hazardous waste sludge, relevant laws, regulations and norms require more requirements and strict management requirements,and the collection and disposal units must have hazardous waste operating license, relevant units and departments pay more attention to,but the general management of industrial sludge is often ignored. Therefore,how to carry out general industrial sludge environmental management in a scientific and reasonable manner and effectively prevent secondary pollution caused by sludge has become the focus of the government and enterprises at all levels in China. The current situation of the generation,disposal and utilization of general industrial sludge were analyzed,and the current disposal and utilization methods were compared with each other. On the basis of the analysis of the problems existing in the environmental management of general industrial sludge,relevant suggestions were presented in order to provide a reference for the further management and disposal of general industrial sludge. The research points out that the end treatment of sludge refers to the process of dewatering,stabilizing,drying or burning the sludge to stabilize, reduce and harmless treatment. At present, sludge treatment methods mainly include incineration,landfill,building materials,compost,etc. In view of the current general industrial sludge environmental management in our country to list sludge base number is unknown,the lack of disposal unit,transport is not standard,lacking the ability to dispose of such issues, suggestions are the following: to develop online declaration system,standard,advocating sludge decrement,the transfer process to strengthen the construction of ability,increasing the centralism collection point,establish regular consultation system.
引文
[1]任皓．山西省城市污泥资源化利用及环境管理的探索与思考[J]．能源与节能，2011(3):57-59.
[2]姬爱民，崔岩，马劲红，等．污泥热处理[M]．冶金工业出版社，2014. 08.
[3]赵丽君，杨意东，胡振苓．城市污泥堆肥技术研究[J]．中国给水排水，1999,15(9):58-60.
[2]姬爱民，崔岩，马劲红，等．污泥热处理[M]．冶金工业出版社，2014. 08.
[3]赵丽君，杨意东，胡振苓．城市污泥堆肥技术研究[J]．中国给水排水，1999,15(9):58-60.