小兴安岭小叶章根际微生态系统土壤碳空间分布特征
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摘要
根际微生态系统包括土壤、植物根系和土壤微生物三大部分,它是联接大气、水体、土体、生物体碳流通的中间环节,是生态系统碳循环的关键部分。揭示小叶章根际微生态系统碳的时空动态对于研究小叶章生态系统碳循环具有重要意义。碳素是生命有机体的关键组成成分,根际微生态系统是物质循环的核心区域。论述了根际微生态系统的概念和内涵及其中间环节,是生态系统碳循环的关键部分。研究了国内外近年来根际微生态系统土壤有机碳(SOC)空间分布特征。分别描述了柱状实验和小室实验各类土壤的SOC含量。柱状实验和小室实验的结果显示了较好的一致性;在整个生长季节内,根层根际土和根层根表土SOC含量最高,表层根际土和下层根际土SOC含量相对较高,表层非根际土和下层非根际土SOC含量最低;且保持稳定。并且描述了柱状实验和小室实验各类土壤的土壤微生物量碳(MBC)含量。MBC的空间分布同样也包括为垂直分布和水平分布,垂直分布表现为MBC浓度的差异和微生物活性的差异,主要原因为根系在垂直方向上的不同生长特性导致不同的根系沉积,进而引起的微生物活性差异;水平分布主要由土壤微生物自身水平移动或在其它介质作用下的水平迁移所导致MBC在水平方向上浓度差异。
Rhizosphere microecosystem includes soil,plant root system and soil microorganism,which are connected with atmosphere and water. the intermediate link of carbon circulation of body,soil and organism is the key part of carbon cycle of ecosystem. It is of great significance to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of carbon in the microecosystem of Calamagrostis Angustifolia of leaflets for the study of carbon cycle in Calamagrostis Angustifolia of leaflets. Carbon is the key component of living organisms and rhizosphere microecosystem is the core area of material circulation. The concept and connotation of rhizosphere microecosystem and its intermediate links are discusseed,which are the key parts of ecosystem carbon cycle. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon( SOC) in rhizosphere microecosystem were studied. The SOC contents of various soils in columnar and chamber experiments were described respectively. The results of columnar experiment and chamber experiment showed good consistency. During the whole growing season,SOC content in rhizosphere and rhizosphere surface soil was the highest,SOC content in rhizosphere and rhizosphere bottom soil was relatively high,and SOC content in nonrhizosphere surface soil and non-rhizosphere bottom soil was the lowest and remained stable. The contents of soil microbial biomass carbon( MBC) in columnar and chamber soils were also described. The spatial distribution of MBC also includes vertical distribution and horizontal distribution. The vertical distribution is the difference in MBC concentration and microbial activity. The main reason is that different root growth characteristics in the vertical direction lead to different root deposition,which leads to the difference in microbial activity. The horizontal distribution is mainly caused by the horizontal movement of soil microorganisms themselves or the horizontal migration under the action of other media,resulting in the concentration difference of MBC in the horizontal direction.
Rhizosphere microecosystem includes soil,plant root system and soil microorganism,which are connected with atmosphere and water. the intermediate link of carbon circulation of body,soil and organism is the key part of carbon cycle of ecosystem. It is of great significance to reveal the spatiotemporal dynamics of carbon in the microecosystem of Calamagrostis Angustifolia of leaflets for the study of carbon cycle in Calamagrostis Angustifolia of leaflets. Carbon is the key component of living organisms and rhizosphere microecosystem is the core area of material circulation. The concept and connotation of rhizosphere microecosystem and its intermediate links are discusseed,which are the key parts of ecosystem carbon cycle. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil organic carbon( SOC) in rhizosphere microecosystem were studied. The SOC contents of various soils in columnar and chamber experiments were described respectively. The results of columnar experiment and chamber experiment showed good consistency. During the whole growing season,SOC content in rhizosphere and rhizosphere surface soil was the highest,SOC content in rhizosphere and rhizosphere bottom soil was relatively high,and SOC content in nonrhizosphere surface soil and non-rhizosphere bottom soil was the lowest and remained stable. The contents of soil microbial biomass carbon( MBC) in columnar and chamber soils were also described. The spatial distribution of MBC also includes vertical distribution and horizontal distribution. The vertical distribution is the difference in MBC concentration and microbial activity. The main reason is that different root growth characteristics in the vertical direction lead to different root deposition,which leads to the difference in microbial activity. The horizontal distribution is mainly caused by the horizontal movement of soil microorganisms themselves or the horizontal migration under the action of other media,resulting in the concentration difference of MBC in the horizontal direction.
引文
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9 Arunachalam A,Pandey H.Ecosystem restoration of Jhum fallows in Northeast India:microbial C and N along altitudinal and successional gradients[J].Restoration Ecology,2013,21(2):168-173
10 Brookes P C,Powlson D S,Jenkinson D S.Measurement of microbial biomass phosphorus in soil[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2017,49(4):319-329
11秦胜金，刘景双，王国平，等．三江平原湿地土壤磷形态转化动态[J]．生态学报，2007,27(9):3844-3851Qin Shengjin,Liu Jingshuang,Wang Guoping,et al.Seasonalchanges of soil phosphorus fractions under calamagrostis-angustifolia wetlands in Sanjiang Plain,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3844-3851
12刘吉平，吕宪国，杨青，等．三江平原环型湿地土壤养分的空间分布规律[J]．土壤学报，2006,43(2):47-254Liu Jiping,Lv Xianguo,Yang Qing,et al.Soil nutrient distribution of annular wetlands in sanjiang plain[J].Acta Edologica Sinica,2006,43(2):47-254
2李阳，何伟，左倬，等．干湿交替对湿地土壤氮磷缓冲能力的影响[J]．环境科学与技术，2014,37(120):25-32Li Yang,He Wei,Zhuo Zuo,et al.Effects of wet/dry cycle on nitrogen and phosphorus buffering capacity in the soil of wetland[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2014,37(120):25-32
3肖烨，黄志刚，武海涛，等．小兴安岭典型湿地类型土壤微生物特征与土壤养分的研究[J]．环境科学，2015,36(5):1842-1847Xiao Ye,Huang Zhigang,Wu Haitao,et al.Soil microorganism characteristics and soil nutrients of different wetlands in Sanjinag Plain,Northeast China[J].Environmental Science,2015,36(5):1842-1847
4 Vance E,Brookes P,Jenkinson D.An extraction method for measuring soil microbial biomass[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2017,49(6):703-707
5 Liu C,Gong X,Tang Y,et al.Lead sequestration in ironplaques developed on Phalarisarundinacea Linn and Carexcinerascens Kukenth from Poyang Lake(China)[J].Aquatic Botany,2015,122:54-59
6 Gu B,Schmitt J,Chen Z,et al.Adsorption and desorption of natural organic matter on iron oxide:mechanisms and models[J].Environmental Science and Technology,2014,48(1):38-46
7赵亮．小兴安岭孤立湿地土壤碳氮磷的空间结构和季节变化研究[D]．四平:吉林师范大学，2013:8-45Zhao Liang.Analysis of the spatial structure and seasonal variations of the isolated wetland soil carton,nitrogen and phosphorus in Sanjiang plain[D].Siping:Jilin Normal University,2013:8-45
8贾新娟．土壤中有效磷含量的测定方法的研究[J]．农业开发与装备，2015,5(1):74-74Jia Xinjuan.Study on determination of effective phosphorus content in soil[J].Agricultural Development&Equipments,2015,5(1):74-74
9 Arunachalam A,Pandey H.Ecosystem restoration of Jhum fallows in Northeast India:microbial C and N along altitudinal and successional gradients[J].Restoration Ecology,2013,21(2):168-173
10 Brookes P C,Powlson D S,Jenkinson D S.Measurement of microbial biomass phosphorus in soil[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2017,49(4):319-329
11秦胜金，刘景双，王国平，等．三江平原湿地土壤磷形态转化动态[J]．生态学报，2007,27(9):3844-3851Qin Shengjin,Liu Jingshuang,Wang Guoping,et al.Seasonalchanges of soil phosphorus fractions under calamagrostis-angustifolia wetlands in Sanjiang Plain,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2007,27(9):3844-3851
12刘吉平，吕宪国，杨青，等．三江平原环型湿地土壤养分的空间分布规律[J]．土壤学报，2006,43(2):47-254Liu Jiping,Lv Xianguo,Yang Qing,et al.Soil nutrient distribution of annular wetlands in sanjiang plain[J].Acta Edologica Sinica,2006,43(2):47-254