矿业城市土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应研究
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摘要
矿业城市受到矿山开发与城市扩张的双重影响,生态环境遭到严重破坏,水环境问题尤为突出。本文以煤矿城市河南省鹤壁市为研究区,根据汤河流域1970—2015年土地利用覆被时空变化特征设定5种不同时期土地利用情景,采用SWAT模型模拟分析5期土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应以及变化规律。研究结果显示,1970—2015年间,土地利用变化引起流域内蒸散发量、土壤下渗量和地下径流量年均分别减少-1. 48 mm、-0.38 mm、-0.29 mm,地表径流量年均增加0.76 mm,汛期与非汛期径流增加;在不同水文年份,土地利用变化对平水年的年径流影响最为明显,对枯水年年径流的影响大于丰水年。本文主要提出了以矿业城市土地利用变化对水循环的影响,该方法对矿区范围内水资源的科学管理具有一定的参考意义。
Industrial and Mining cities are affected by mine development and urban expansion,land use and vegetation cover changes rapidly in time and space,the ecological destruction is serious,and the water environment is particularly prominent. This article takes the coal mine city of Hebi of He’nan Province as the research area,this paper sets up 5 kinds of land use situations based on the trend of land use change from 1970 to 2015 of Tanghe basin,using SWAT model to simulate and analysis the hydrological effects of land use and vegetation cover. Then the variation rules of hydrological elements under different land use scenarios are analyzed and predicted.The results show that during 1970-2015 land use change has caused the number of Evapotranspiration,Soil infiltration,and Underground runoff reduced by -1.48 mm,-0.38 mm and-0.29 mm in annual average,while the runoff increased 0.76 mm in annual average,and the increase was mainly observed in runoff during the flooding season,annual runoff differed from year to year. In normal hydrological years,the response to changes in land use was the most significant and the greatest in amplitude. The response was greater in dry years than in flooding years. This paper mainly puts forward the influence of land use change on the water cycle in mining cities,which has some reference significance for the scientific management of water resources within the mining area.
Industrial and Mining cities are affected by mine development and urban expansion,land use and vegetation cover changes rapidly in time and space,the ecological destruction is serious,and the water environment is particularly prominent. This article takes the coal mine city of Hebi of He’nan Province as the research area,this paper sets up 5 kinds of land use situations based on the trend of land use change from 1970 to 2015 of Tanghe basin,using SWAT model to simulate and analysis the hydrological effects of land use and vegetation cover. Then the variation rules of hydrological elements under different land use scenarios are analyzed and predicted.The results show that during 1970-2015 land use change has caused the number of Evapotranspiration,Soil infiltration,and Underground runoff reduced by -1.48 mm,-0.38 mm and-0.29 mm in annual average,while the runoff increased 0.76 mm in annual average,and the increase was mainly observed in runoff during the flooding season,annual runoff differed from year to year. In normal hydrological years,the response to changes in land use was the most significant and the greatest in amplitude. The response was greater in dry years than in flooding years. This paper mainly puts forward the influence of land use change on the water cycle in mining cities,which has some reference significance for the scientific management of water resources within the mining area.
引文
[1]徐琴.矿业城市建设用地变化情景模拟研究[D].北京:中国地质大学,2016.
[2]孙丽娜,梁冬梅.东辽河流域未来土地利用变化对水文影响的研究[J].水土保持研究,2016(5):164-168.
[3]欧阳钦从,林炳青,陈兴伟.基于SWAT模型的晋江流域土地利用变化对水文过程影响分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2016(1):65-70.
[4]李莹,黄岁樑.滦河流域未来土地利用变化情景的水文响应[J].生态学杂志.2016(7):1 970-1 980.
[5]史晓亮,李颖,杨志勇.基于SWAT模型的诺敏河流域径流对土地利用/覆被变化的响应模拟研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2016(1):65-69.
[6]王高丹,唐彦君,杨晓英,等.不同土地利用变化情景下的洪汝河流域水文响应[J].水土保持通报,2016(1):82-87.
[7]黎云云,畅建霞,王义民,等.渭河流域径流对土地利用变化的时空响应[J].农业工程学报,2016(15):232-238.
[8]Neupane R P,Kumar S.Estimating the effects of potential climate and land use changes on hydrologic processes of a large agriculture dominated watershed[J].Journal of Hydrology,2015(7):418-429.
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[10]张俊平,李净.基于CA-Markov模型的甘州区土地利用变化预测分析[J].中国农学通报,2017(4):105-110.
[11]Amini Parsa V,Salehi E.Spatio-temporal analysis and simulation pattern of land use/cover changes,case study:Naghadeh,Iran[J].Journal of Urban Management,2016,5(2):43-51.
[12]李小龙,高敏华,包茹.基于CA-MARKOV模型的土地利用变化预测研究——以新疆昌吉市为例[J].中国农学通报,2014(14):315-320.
[13]马世发,艾彬,念沛豪.基于约束性CA的土地利用规划预评估及警情探测[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014(4):51-55.
[14]张忠斌.基于面向对象的珲春地区高分辨率遥感影像分类研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2017,40(2):132-135.
[15]周星宇,张继贤,高绵新,等.高分辨率遥感影像下沿海地区地表覆盖信息的提取[J].测绘通报,2017(2):19-24.
[2]孙丽娜,梁冬梅.东辽河流域未来土地利用变化对水文影响的研究[J].水土保持研究,2016(5):164-168.
[3]欧阳钦从,林炳青,陈兴伟.基于SWAT模型的晋江流域土地利用变化对水文过程影响分析[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2016(1):65-70.
[4]李莹,黄岁樑.滦河流域未来土地利用变化情景的水文响应[J].生态学杂志.2016(7):1 970-1 980.
[5]史晓亮,李颖,杨志勇.基于SWAT模型的诺敏河流域径流对土地利用/覆被变化的响应模拟研究[J].水资源与水工程学报,2016(1):65-69.
[6]王高丹,唐彦君,杨晓英,等.不同土地利用变化情景下的洪汝河流域水文响应[J].水土保持通报,2016(1):82-87.
[7]黎云云,畅建霞,王义民,等.渭河流域径流对土地利用变化的时空响应[J].农业工程学报,2016(15):232-238.
[8]Neupane R P,Kumar S.Estimating the effects of potential climate and land use changes on hydrologic processes of a large agriculture dominated watershed[J].Journal of Hydrology,2015(7):418-429.
[9]孟现勇,师春香,刘时银,等.CMADS数据集及其在流域水文模型中的驱动作用——以黑河流域为例[J].人民珠江,2016,37(7):1-19.
[10]张俊平,李净.基于CA-Markov模型的甘州区土地利用变化预测分析[J].中国农学通报,2017(4):105-110.
[11]Amini Parsa V,Salehi E.Spatio-temporal analysis and simulation pattern of land use/cover changes,case study:Naghadeh,Iran[J].Journal of Urban Management,2016,5(2):43-51.
[12]李小龙,高敏华,包茹.基于CA-MARKOV模型的土地利用变化预测研究——以新疆昌吉市为例[J].中国农学通报,2014(14):315-320.
[13]马世发,艾彬,念沛豪.基于约束性CA的土地利用规划预评估及警情探测[J].地理与地理信息科学,2014(4):51-55.
[14]张忠斌.基于面向对象的珲春地区高分辨率遥感影像分类研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2017,40(2):132-135.
[15]周星宇,张继贤,高绵新,等.高分辨率遥感影像下沿海地区地表覆盖信息的提取[J].测绘通报,2017(2):19-24.
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