引江济淮输水通道派河沉积物重金属形态分布特征及生态风险评价
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摘要
利用电热板消解和连续提取法(BCR)对"引江济淮"重要输水通道派河11个表层沉积物样品中Cr、Cd、As、Ni、Cu和Pb的总量和形态进行调查研究,并根据地积累指数法和次生相与原生相比值法(RSP)对派河沉积物中6种重金属的污染程度及潜在生态风险进行评价。结果表明:派河河段大部分采样点沉积物Cd和Cu浓度值均超出背景值,I_(geo)值≥1,污染风险强;仅派河中间河段Cr的浓度值超出背景值,但I_(geo)值=1,污染风险低;派河沉积物中As、Ni和Pb含量均低于背景值,I_(geo)值=0,无污染风险。巢湖口沉积物Cr、Cu、Ni、As 4种元素的次生相的比例最高,中间河段次之,上游河段及下游河段最低,存在二次释放的生态风险;大部分采样点沉积物Cd的RSP均远大于3,潜在生态风险极高;Pb元素则在上中游河段存在一定的生态风险。
The total amount and fractions of Cr,Cd,As,Ni,Cu and Pb in 11 surface sediments from Pai River as an important water conveyance passage Leading Water from Yangtze to Huaihe Riverin Hefei,were investigated by using the digestion and sequential extraction procedure.The pollution degrees and potential ecological risks of 6 heavy metals in the sediments were calculated according to the geo-accumulation indexes and the rations secondary phase and primary phase of elements.The results showed that the concentrations of Cd and Cu in the most sampling sites from the Pai River were higher than their background values,and the pollution risk was intense(I_(geo)≥1); The concentration of Cr in the middle of the river exceeded the background value,but its I_(geo) was 1,which suggested it was of low pollution risk; and As,Ni and Pb contents in the river sediments were lower than the background values(I_(geo)=0),and no pollution risk was found for them.The secondary phase's mass fraction of Cr,Cu,Ni and As were the highest at entrance of Chaohu Lake,lowest in the upper and the lower,next was the middle of river,which exist the ecological risk of releasing from sediment into water.The RSP of Cd in the sediments was far greater than 3,and its potential ecological risk was very high; there was potential ecological risk in the upper and middle river for Pb element.
The total amount and fractions of Cr,Cd,As,Ni,Cu and Pb in 11 surface sediments from Pai River as an important water conveyance passage Leading Water from Yangtze to Huaihe Riverin Hefei,were investigated by using the digestion and sequential extraction procedure.The pollution degrees and potential ecological risks of 6 heavy metals in the sediments were calculated according to the geo-accumulation indexes and the rations secondary phase and primary phase of elements.The results showed that the concentrations of Cd and Cu in the most sampling sites from the Pai River were higher than their background values,and the pollution risk was intense(I_(geo)≥1); The concentration of Cr in the middle of the river exceeded the background value,but its I_(geo) was 1,which suggested it was of low pollution risk; and As,Ni and Pb contents in the river sediments were lower than the background values(I_(geo)=0),and no pollution risk was found for them.The secondary phase's mass fraction of Cr,Cu,Ni and As were the highest at entrance of Chaohu Lake,lowest in the upper and the lower,next was the middle of river,which exist the ecological risk of releasing from sediment into water.The RSP of Cd in the sediments was far greater than 3,and its potential ecological risk was very high; there was potential ecological risk in the upper and middle river for Pb element.
引文
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[2] 胡宁静,石学法,黄朋,等.渤海辽东湾表层沉积物中金属元素分布特征[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(3):380-388.
[3] 柏建坤,李潮流,康世昌,等.雅鲁藏布江中段表层沉积物重金属形态分布及风险评价[J].环境科学,2014,35(9):3346-3351.
[4] PARWEEN M,RAMANATHAN A L,RAJU N J.Waste water management and water quality of river Yamuna in the megacity of Delhi[J].International journal of environmental science & technology,2017,14(1):2109-2124.
[5] XIAO L,GUAN D S,PEART M R,et al.The respective effects of soil heavy metal fractions by sequential extraction procedure and soil properties on the accumulation of heavy metals in rice grains and brassicas[J].Environmental science & pollution research,2017,24(3):2558-2571.
[6] SHIKAZONO N,TATEWAKI K,MOHIUDDIN K M,et al.Sources,spatial variation,and speciation of heavy metals in sediment of the Tamagawa River in Central Japan[J].Environmental geochchemistry& health,2012,34(1):13-26.
[7] 杨长明,张芬,徐琛.巢湖市环城河沉积物重金属形态及垂直分布特征[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(9):1404-1410.
[8] 黄莹,李永霞,高甫威,等.小清河表层沉积物重污染区重金属赋存形态及风险评价[J].环境科学,2015,36(6):2046-2053.
[9] 陈明,蔡青云,徐慧,等.水体沉积物重金属污染风险评价研究进展[J].生态环境学报,2015,24(6):1069-1074.
[10] 毕斌,卢少勇,于亚军,等.湖泊沉积物重金属赋存形态研究进展[J].科技导报,2016,34(18):162-169.
[11] 李飞鹏,陈玲,张海平,等.巢湖市河流表层沉积物重金属污染和风险评价[J].同济大学学报(自然科学版),2012,40(12):1852-1856.
[12] MULLER G.The heavy metal pollution in the sediment of the Neckar river and its tributaries:A review[J].Chem. Zeit, 1981, 105:157-164.
[13] SULIEMAN M M,ELFAKI J T,ADAM M M,et al.Assessment of heavy metals contamination in the Nile River water and adjacent sediments:A case study from Khartoum City and Nile River State,Sudan[J].Eurasian journal of soil science,2017,6(3):285-294.
[14] 陈春霄,姜霞,战玉柱,等.太湖表层沉积物中重金属形态分布及其潜在生态风险分析[J].中国环境科学,2011,31(11):1842-1848.
[15] LIU H Q,LIU G J,WANG J,et al.Fractional distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in sediments collected from the Yellow River,China[J].Environmental science & pollution research,2016,23(11):11076-11084.
[16] 张鹏岩,康国华,庞博,等.宿鸭湖沉积物重金属空间分布及潜在生态风险评价[J].环境科学,2017,38(5):2125-2135.
[17] 宁增平,肖青相,蓝小龙,等.都柳江水系沉积物锑等重金属空间分布特征及生态风险[J].环境科学,2017,38(7):2784-2792.
[18] CANUTO F A B,GARCIA C A B,ALVES J P H,et al.Mobility and ecological risk assessment of trace metals in polluted estuarine sediments using a sequential extraction scheme[J].Environmental monitoring & assessment,2013,185(7):6173-6185.
[19] 张菊,陈明文,鲁长娟,等.东平湖表层沉积物重金属形态分布特征及环境风险评价[J].生态环境学报,2017,26(5):850-856.