全面开放新格局下中国边境经济合作区转型升级研究
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摘要
中国于1992年起在沿边地区先后批准设立了18个国家级边境经济合作区,以撬动和带动沿边地区经济开放和发展,并促进毗邻国家的开放合作。经过基础设施建设、招商引资和创新示范,边境经济合作区建设取得了显著成效,但其进一步发展面临管理体制、产业体系和营商软环境等方面的制约。在新时代以"一带一路"建设为重点推动形成全面开放新格局背景下,边境经济合作区需要通过由派出机构管理向建制市演变的管理体制改革、以资源型产业可持续发展为基础的产业体系优化、以边境口岸城镇化和边境贸易为载体的营商软环境完善等实现全面转型升级,有条件的边境经济合作区还应积极探索向双边跨境经济合作区转型升级。
Since 1992,China has established 18 border economic cooperation zones in the border areas to drive and incite economic opening up along the border areas,to promote open cooperation and institutional docking between neighboring countries, and to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. After infrastructure construction,invitation of investment,innovation and setting example,the significant achievements in the border economic cooperation zone have been made,however,its further development has been restricted by management system,industrial system and business environment and so on. Under the background of overall opening up promoted by the Belt and Road at new era,the border economic cooperation zone should realize overall transformation and upgrading by the evolution from agency management to organizational city,by industrial system optimization based on sustainable development of resources-style industry,and by perfecting business environment through the carrier of the urbanization of border ports. Furthermore,the border economic cooperation zones with better conditions should actively explore the transformation and upgrading towards cross-border zones.
Since 1992,China has established 18 border economic cooperation zones in the border areas to drive and incite economic opening up along the border areas,to promote open cooperation and institutional docking between neighboring countries, and to achieve mutual benefit and win-win results. After infrastructure construction,invitation of investment,innovation and setting example,the significant achievements in the border economic cooperation zone have been made,however,its further development has been restricted by management system,industrial system and business environment and so on. Under the background of overall opening up promoted by the Belt and Road at new era,the border economic cooperation zone should realize overall transformation and upgrading by the evolution from agency management to organizational city,by industrial system optimization based on sustainable development of resources-style industry,and by perfecting business environment through the carrier of the urbanization of border ports. Furthermore,the border economic cooperation zones with better conditions should actively explore the transformation and upgrading towards cross-border zones.
引文
[1]汪洋．推动形成全面开放新格局[N]．人民日报，2017-11-10(004).
[2]陈斌进．适逢良机起宏图，珲春边境经济合作区调查报告[J]．国际政治研究，1994(1):94-96.
[3]黑河市经济研究中心．合作区在跨国经济合作中的地位和作用[J]．黑河学刊，1994(3):80-81.
[4]曾赞荣，李向荣．边境经济性特区规划若干问题[J]．经济地理，1995(1):16-20.
[5]田光伟．边境经济合作区的功能定位[J]．中央民族大学学报，2004(6):23-25.
[6]李铁立．西方边境区经济发展及边境区经济合作评述[J]．国际经贸探索，2005(6):8-12.
[7]李遐龄．新疆阿拉山口口岸开放20周年成就和展望[J]．实事求是，2010(6):72-76.
[8]李玉虹，马勇．推动沿边民族地区经济发展的新契机:边境跨国经济合作区[J]．黑龙江民族丛刊，2000(3):43-47.
[9]苏祖勤．完善我国边境经济合作区行政体制的政策建议——以新疆博州阿拉山口口岸为分析对象[J]．广州大学学报(社会科学版)，2012(10):40-45.
[10]战成秀，韩广富．边境经济合作区的生态化经济模式构建[J]．延边大学学报(社会科学版)，2013(5):112-117.
[11]李光辉．新形势下对我国沿边开发开放的新思考[J]．国际贸易，2017(8):4-7.
[12] QIAN Y,WEINGAST B R. Federalism as a commitment to reserving market incentives[J]. Journal of Economic Perspective,1997,11(40):83-92.
[13] JIN J,ZOU H F. Fiscal decentralization,revenue and expenditure assignments,and Growth in China[J]. Journal of Asian Economics,2005,16:1047-1064.
[14]周黎安．中国地方官员的晋升锦标赛模式研究[J]．经济研究，2007(7):36-50.
[15]胡超．我国边境地区资源消费型产业集群的演进与困境——以中越边境地区红木家具产业集群为例[J]．福建商学院学报，2018(1):48-56.
(1)资料来源:《推进沿边重点地区开发开放步伐，构筑推进“一带一路”建设重要支撑——国家发展改革委、商务部有关负责人就〈国务院关于支持沿边重点地区开发开放若干政策措施的意见〉答记者问》(国家发展和改革委员会网站，http://xwzx.ndrc. gov. cn/zcjd/201601/t20160111_771030. html)
(1)资料来源:《兴边富民行动10周年:众志成城共建万里边疆》(中国财经新闻网，http://www. prcfe. com/web/meyw/2010-11 /23/content_685929. htm)
(1)资料来源:《东兴边境经济合作区建设发展情况良好》(人民网，http://gx. people. com. cn/n2/2016/0126/c371361-27629076. html)
(2)资料来源:国家级经济技术开发区和边境经济合作区网站(http://www. fdi. gov. cn/1200000020_5_33_0_7. html)
(1)1897年河口口岸就设有海关，民国时期设有邮政，1907年建有滇越铁路河口站。
[2]陈斌进．适逢良机起宏图，珲春边境经济合作区调查报告[J]．国际政治研究，1994(1):94-96.
[3]黑河市经济研究中心．合作区在跨国经济合作中的地位和作用[J]．黑河学刊，1994(3):80-81.
[4]曾赞荣，李向荣．边境经济性特区规划若干问题[J]．经济地理，1995(1):16-20.
[5]田光伟．边境经济合作区的功能定位[J]．中央民族大学学报，2004(6):23-25.
[6]李铁立．西方边境区经济发展及边境区经济合作评述[J]．国际经贸探索，2005(6):8-12.
[7]李遐龄．新疆阿拉山口口岸开放20周年成就和展望[J]．实事求是，2010(6):72-76.
[8]李玉虹，马勇．推动沿边民族地区经济发展的新契机:边境跨国经济合作区[J]．黑龙江民族丛刊，2000(3):43-47.
[9]苏祖勤．完善我国边境经济合作区行政体制的政策建议——以新疆博州阿拉山口口岸为分析对象[J]．广州大学学报(社会科学版)，2012(10):40-45.
[10]战成秀，韩广富．边境经济合作区的生态化经济模式构建[J]．延边大学学报(社会科学版)，2013(5):112-117.
[11]李光辉．新形势下对我国沿边开发开放的新思考[J]．国际贸易，2017(8):4-7.
[12] QIAN Y,WEINGAST B R. Federalism as a commitment to reserving market incentives[J]. Journal of Economic Perspective,1997,11(40):83-92.
[13] JIN J,ZOU H F. Fiscal decentralization,revenue and expenditure assignments,and Growth in China[J]. Journal of Asian Economics,2005,16:1047-1064.
[14]周黎安．中国地方官员的晋升锦标赛模式研究[J]．经济研究，2007(7):36-50.
[15]胡超．我国边境地区资源消费型产业集群的演进与困境——以中越边境地区红木家具产业集群为例[J]．福建商学院学报，2018(1):48-56.
(1)资料来源:《推进沿边重点地区开发开放步伐，构筑推进“一带一路”建设重要支撑——国家发展改革委、商务部有关负责人就〈国务院关于支持沿边重点地区开发开放若干政策措施的意见〉答记者问》(国家发展和改革委员会网站，http://xwzx.ndrc. gov. cn/zcjd/201601/t20160111_771030. html)
(1)资料来源:《兴边富民行动10周年:众志成城共建万里边疆》(中国财经新闻网，http://www. prcfe. com/web/meyw/2010-11 /23/content_685929. htm)
(1)资料来源:《东兴边境经济合作区建设发展情况良好》(人民网，http://gx. people. com. cn/n2/2016/0126/c371361-27629076. html)
(2)资料来源:国家级经济技术开发区和边境经济合作区网站(http://www. fdi. gov. cn/1200000020_5_33_0_7. html)
(1)1897年河口口岸就设有海关，民国时期设有邮政，1907年建有滇越铁路河口站。