天然次生林改造成香榧林对土壤活性有机碳的影响
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摘要
为探讨天然次生林改造成人工林后对土壤碳库的影响,为人工林的可持续经营与土壤固碳能力的提高提供参考依据。在浙江省诸暨市香榧国家森林公园内采集天然次生林和由天然次生林改造而来并长期进行经营管理的香榧(Torreya grandis)人工林土壤,测定分析了0-20、20-40、40-60 cm土层土壤的总有机碳(TOC)、易氧化碳(ROC)、轻组有机质(LFOM)及土壤养分含量。结果表明:(1)天然次生林改造成香榧林后,各层土壤TOC均显著下降,减少了27.2%-50.5%,0-20 cm土层土壤ROC呈增加趋势,但20-40 cm和40-60 cm土层呈减小趋势,各层土壤LFOM分别增加31.5%、155.5%和184.8%,在20-40 cm和40-60 cm土层差异显著(P<0.05)。(2)天然次生林改造成香榧林后,0-20 cm土层ROC碳素有效率和碳库活度分别显著增加了123.2%和169.2%。(3)TOC、ROC、LFOM与全氮和水解性氮之间的相关性均达到极显著水平,ROC、LFOM与速效钾、有效磷、交换性钙和交换性镁之间的相关性均达到显著或极显著水平。因此,天然次生林改造成香榧林后,不利于土壤有机碳的积累,且降低了土壤碳库的稳定性。
In order to investigate the effect of conversion from natural forest to plantations on the soil carbon(C) pool, and provide a reference for the sustainable management of plantation and the improvement of soil carbon sequestration capacity, soils of the above two types of forests were sampled from Torreya grandis National Forest Park, Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province. We analyzed the total soil organic carbon(TOC), readily oxidizable carbon(ROC), light fraction organic matter(LFOM), and soil nutrient contents in three different soil layers(0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm). The results suggested that,(1) TOC of each layer significantly decreased by 27.2%-50.5%. ROC increased in 0-20 cm soil layer, while being decreased in 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer. LFOM of each layer increased by 31.5%, 155.5% and 184.8% respectively, and with significant differences between 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer.(2) The ratio of ROC to TOC and activity of carbon pool in 0-20 cm markedly increased by 123.2% and 169.2%, respectively.And(3) TOC, ROC and LFOM were extremely correlated with total nitrogen, available nitrogen. ROC and LFOM were significantly/extremely correlated with available potassium, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium. Therefore, the transformation of natural secondary forest into T. grandis plantation is not conducive to the accumulation of soil organic carbon, and decreases the stability of soil carbon pool.
In order to investigate the effect of conversion from natural forest to plantations on the soil carbon(C) pool, and provide a reference for the sustainable management of plantation and the improvement of soil carbon sequestration capacity, soils of the above two types of forests were sampled from Torreya grandis National Forest Park, Zhuji City, Zhejiang Province. We analyzed the total soil organic carbon(TOC), readily oxidizable carbon(ROC), light fraction organic matter(LFOM), and soil nutrient contents in three different soil layers(0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm). The results suggested that,(1) TOC of each layer significantly decreased by 27.2%-50.5%. ROC increased in 0-20 cm soil layer, while being decreased in 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer. LFOM of each layer increased by 31.5%, 155.5% and 184.8% respectively, and with significant differences between 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer.(2) The ratio of ROC to TOC and activity of carbon pool in 0-20 cm markedly increased by 123.2% and 169.2%, respectively.And(3) TOC, ROC and LFOM were extremely correlated with total nitrogen, available nitrogen. ROC and LFOM were significantly/extremely correlated with available potassium, available phosphorus, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium. Therefore, the transformation of natural secondary forest into T. grandis plantation is not conducive to the accumulation of soil organic carbon, and decreases the stability of soil carbon pool.
引文
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ZHONG L,BOWATTE S,NEWTON P C D,et al.,2015.Soil N cycling processes in a pasture after the cessation of grazing and CO2enrichment[J].Geoderma,259-260:62-70.
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曹丽花,刘合满,赵世伟,2011.当雄退化草甸土壤有机碳分布特征及其与土壤主要养分的关系[J].中国农学通报,27(24):69-73.CAO L H,LIU H M,ZHAO S W,2011.Distribution of soil organic carbon and the relation between SOC and soil nutrient on degraded alpine meadow[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,27(24):69-73.
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蒋溢,李亦秋,2017.岷江流域不同土地利用方式下紫色土壤活性有机碳分布特征及其影响因子[J].水土保持研究,24(5):33-38.JIANG Y,LI Y Q,2017.Labile organic carbon of different land use patterns in Minjiang river basin,Sichuan Province[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,24(5):33-38.
林宝珠,王琼,2013.科尔沁沙地樟子松疏林草地土壤有机碳及其稳定性特征[J].安徽农业科学,41(15):6681-6683.LIN B Z,WANG Q,2013.Carbon stock and SOC stability in soils of Pinus-sylvestris scattered grassland in Horqin sandy land[J].Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,41(15):6681-6683.
刘荣杰,吴亚丛,张英,等,2012.中国北亚热带天然次生林与杉木人工林土壤活性有机碳库的比较[J].植物生态学报,36(5):431-437.LIU R J,WU Y C,ZHANG Y,et al.,2012.Comparison of soil labile organic carbon in Chinese fir plantations and natural secondary forests in north subtropical areas of China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,36(5):431-437.
柳敏,宇万太,姜子绍,等,2006.土壤活性有机碳[J].生态学杂志,25(11):1412-1417.LIU M,YU W T,JIANG Z S,et al.,2006.A research review on soil active organic carbon[J].Chinese Journal of Ecology,25(11):1412-1417.
鲁如坤,2000.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社:147-197.LU R S,2000.Soil chemical analysis method[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Press:147-197.
马少杰,李正才,王刚,等,2011.集约和粗放经营下毛竹林土壤活性有机碳的变化[J].植物生态学报,35(5):551-557.MA S J,LI Z C,WANG G,et al.,2011.Effects of intensive and extensive management on soil active organic carbon in bamboo forests of China[J].Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology,35(5):551-557.
沈宏,曹志洪,徐志红,2000.施肥对土壤不同碳形态及碳库管理指数的影响[J].土壤学报,37(2):166-173.SHEN H,CAO Z H,XU Z H,2000.Effects of fertilization on different carbon fractions and carbon pool management index in soils[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,37(2):166-173.
盛浩,李洁,周萍,等,2015.土地利用变化对花岗岩红壤表土活性有机碳组分的影响[J].生态环境学报,24(7):1098-1102.SHENG H,LI J,ZHOU P,et al.,2015.Effect of land use change on labile organic carbon fractions of soil derived from granite[J].Ecology and Environmental Sciences,24(7):1098-1102.
苏丽丽,徐文修,李亚杰,等,2016.耕作方式对干旱绿洲滴灌复播大豆农田土壤有机碳的影响[J].农业工程学报,32(4):150-156.SU L L,XU W X,LI Y J,et al.,2016.Effects of different tillage methods on soil organic carbon in soybean soil of drip irrigation in arid oasis[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,32(4):150-156.
孙伟军,方晰,项文化,等,2013.湘中丘陵区不同演替阶段森林土壤活性有机碳库特征[J].生态学报,33(24):7765-7773.SUN W J,FANG X,XIANG W H,et al.,2013.Active pools of soil organic carbon in subtropical forests at different successional stages in Central Hunan,China[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,33(24):7765-7773.
唐国勇,李昆,孙永玉,等,2011.土地利用方式对土壤有机碳和碳库管理指数的影响[J].林业科学研究,24(6):754-759.TANG G Y,LI K,SUN Y Y,et al.,2011.Effects of land uses on soil organic carbon and carbon pool management index[J].Forest Research,24(6):754-759.
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