2006—2014年辽宁省森林生态系统服务功能价值评估
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摘要
【目的】在辽宁省退耕还林、"三北"防护林、青山绿山工程实施以后,量化研究2006—2014年辽宁省森林生态系统服务功能价值动态变化情况。为辽宁省森林生态建设的可持续发展提供科学依据。【方法】利用2006、2010和2014年辽宁省森林资源清查数据和森林生态系统服务的连续观测,对辽宁省森林生态系统的涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、净化大气环境、森林防护、森林游憩、生物多样性保护和林木积累营养物质8项服务功能价值进行评估,揭示辽宁省森林生态系统服务的动态变化。【结果】经研究辽宁省2006、2010和2014年森林生态系统服务总价值分别为2 591.72亿元、3 723.48亿元和4 834.34亿元;2014年森林生态系统服务价值从大到小为涵养水源>生物多样性保护>固碳释氧>净化空气环境>保育土壤>森林游憩>森林防护>林木营养积累;其中与2010年相比,年均增长率最大的森林游憩是2010年的13.24倍,为82.1亿元,其次是净化空气环境增长了329.44亿元,年均增长了82.36亿元,年均净增长率为52.94%。【结论】2006、2010和2014年涵养水源和生物多样性保护2项服务的价值比例均超过50%,而林木营养积累、涵养水源等几项所占比较低;辽宁省森林生态系统服务功能蕴含着巨大的有形和无形的价值,对该地区经济发展具有重要的意义。
【Objective】After grain for green project、"Three-north"Shelterbelt、Greening Project in Liaoning province,quantitative study of forest ecosystem service value dynamic change in Liaoning province in 2006 — 2014. 【Method】By using forest resource data and forest ecosystem services continuous observations in Liaoning province in 2006、2010 and 2014,to evaluate ecological service function including water conservation,soil conservation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,atmospheric environment purification,forest protection,forest recreation biodiversity protection and forest nutrition.The total value of forest ecosystem services in Liaoning province in 2006、2010 and 2014 is 2 591.72 billion CNY,3 723.48 billion CNY and 4 834.34 billion CNY respectively;Forest ecosystem service value in 2014 from large to small for water conservation > biodiversity protection > carbon sequestration oxygen release > purification air environment > conservation soil > forest recreation > forest protection > forest nutrient accumulation;compares with 2010,the largest annual increase is82.1 billion CNY for forest recreation and is up 13.24 times from 2010;Secondly,clean air environment increased by 329.44 billion CNY,with an average annual growth of 82.36 billion CNY,with an average annual net growth rate of 52.94%. The value of biodiversity conservation and water conservation are more than 50%,which is the main ecosystem function. While forest nutrient accumulation,water conservation for low proportion. The forest ecosystem in Liaoning province is of great tangible and intangible value,and it is great significance to the economic development of this region.
【Objective】After grain for green project、"Three-north"Shelterbelt、Greening Project in Liaoning province,quantitative study of forest ecosystem service value dynamic change in Liaoning province in 2006 — 2014. 【Method】By using forest resource data and forest ecosystem services continuous observations in Liaoning province in 2006、2010 and 2014,to evaluate ecological service function including water conservation,soil conservation,carbon sequestration and oxygen release,atmospheric environment purification,forest protection,forest recreation biodiversity protection and forest nutrition.The total value of forest ecosystem services in Liaoning province in 2006、2010 and 2014 is 2 591.72 billion CNY,3 723.48 billion CNY and 4 834.34 billion CNY respectively;Forest ecosystem service value in 2014 from large to small for water conservation > biodiversity protection > carbon sequestration oxygen release > purification air environment > conservation soil > forest recreation > forest protection > forest nutrient accumulation;compares with 2010,the largest annual increase is82.1 billion CNY for forest recreation and is up 13.24 times from 2010;Secondly,clean air environment increased by 329.44 billion CNY,with an average annual growth of 82.36 billion CNY,with an average annual net growth rate of 52.94%. The value of biodiversity conservation and water conservation are more than 50%,which is the main ecosystem function. While forest nutrient accumulation,water conservation for low proportion. The forest ecosystem in Liaoning province is of great tangible and intangible value,and it is great significance to the economic development of this region.
引文
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[3]王兵,杨锋伟,郭浩.森林生态系统服务功能评估规范(LY/T 1721-2008)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[4]李瑞玲,姜林成.中国地理百科知识[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,2012.
[5]辽宁省水利厅.辽宁省水资源[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,2006.
[6]王兵,牛香,蒋有绪,等.森林生态系统长期定位观测方法(GB/T 33027-2016)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[7]辽宁省统计局,国家统计局辽宁省调查总队.辽宁省统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2015.
[8]高小六,吴立新,刘善军.辽宁省土壤水分的时空变化格局分析[J].环境保护科学,2017,2(43):85-90.
[9]辽宁省统计局,国家统计局辽宁省调查总队.辽宁省统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[10]杨占,张强,韩学喆,等.辽宁省主要人工林林下植被组成及生物多样性[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(7):2989-2990.
[11]王兵,牛香,宋庆丰,等.森林生态系统长期定位观测方法(GB/T 33027-2016)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2016.
[12]牛香,宋庆丰,王兵,等.吉林省森林生态系统服务功能[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(8):36-41.
[13]李忠国.辽宁省水资源公报管理系统的研制[J].水文科技信息,1994,11(4):44-47.
[14]《中国水利年鉴》编纂委员会.中国水利年鉴[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.
[15]《中国水利年鉴》编纂委员会.中国水利年鉴[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2016.
[16]Fang J,Chen A,Peng C,et al.Changes in forest biomass carbon storage in China between 1949 and 1998[J].Science,2001,292(5525):2320-2322.
[17]王兵.生态连清理论在森林生态系统服务功能评估中的实践[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(1):1-11.
[18]宋庆丰,王雪松,王晓燕,等.基于生物量的森林生态功能修生系数的应用-以辽宁省退耕还林工程为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(3):14-19.
[19]国家林业局.森林生态系统生物多样性监测与评估规范(LY/T2241-2014)[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014:1-10.
[20]侯元兆,王琦.中国森林资源核算研究[J].世界林业研究,1995,8(3):51-56.