基于孔间地震细分动态探测的透明工作面方法
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摘要
透明工作面是煤矿智能开采的重要组成部分,为智能开采提供工作面的详细地质构造信息,提出一种基于孔间地震密集动态探测的透明工作面方法,能够实现工作面的渐进式精细探测。该方法是以采煤机为震源的随采地震方法的进一步发展,主要利用平行于切眼的一系列水平孔对工作面进行细分探测,随着采煤工作的逐渐推进,利用孔间地震方法对细分区域进行精细成像。与已有的随采地震方法比较,本方法具有明显的优点。首先,射线覆盖更加均匀且无盲区。第二,探测区域被细分所以探测精度更高。第三,因为利用地震干涉的"虚"震源方法能得到高信噪比的单炮,可进一步提高探测精度。该方法能够适应智能开采透明工作面的目标要求,有望成为智能开采的重要组成部分。
Transparent working surface is an important part of intelligent coal mining. It provides detailed geological structure information of working face for intelligent coal mining. This paper proposes a working surface exploration method based on segmented and dynamic cross-hole seismic, which can realize progressive fine detection of coal working face. The method is a new development with seismic while mining, which is using the coal cutter as seismic source. The main idea is to image the working face segmented by deploying some detectors in a series of horizontal holes parallel to the long wall. The method performs fine imaging on the subdivided area. Compared with the existing seismic while mining, this method has obvious advantages. Firstly, the ray coverage is more uniform without blind zone. Secondly, the detection area is subdivided, so the detection accuracy is higher. The "virtual" source method, seismic interferometry, can be used to obtain shot gathers with high SNR, which can further improve the detection accuracy. The study believes that this method can adapt to the target requirements of transparent working face, and it is expected to become an important part of intelligent mining.
Transparent working surface is an important part of intelligent coal mining. It provides detailed geological structure information of working face for intelligent coal mining. This paper proposes a working surface exploration method based on segmented and dynamic cross-hole seismic, which can realize progressive fine detection of coal working face. The method is a new development with seismic while mining, which is using the coal cutter as seismic source. The main idea is to image the working face segmented by deploying some detectors in a series of horizontal holes parallel to the long wall. The method performs fine imaging on the subdivided area. Compared with the existing seismic while mining, this method has obvious advantages. Firstly, the ray coverage is more uniform without blind zone. Secondly, the detection area is subdivided, so the detection accuracy is higher. The "virtual" source method, seismic interferometry, can be used to obtain shot gathers with high SNR, which can further improve the detection accuracy. The study believes that this method can adapt to the target requirements of transparent working face, and it is expected to become an important part of intelligent mining.
引文
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[15]陆斌,程建远,胡继武,等.基于检波器细分阵列的煤矿开采地震探测系统及方法:201810610808.X.[P].2018-10-23.
[16]SCHUSTER G T.Seismic Interferometry[M].Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,2009.
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[19]WAPENAAR K,RUIGROK E,VAN DER NEUT J,et al.Improved surface-wave retrieval from ambient seismic noise by multi-dimensional deconvolution[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2011,38:L01313.
[20]VAN DALEN K N,MIKESELL T D,RUIGROK E N,et al.Retrieving surface waves from ambient seismic noise using seismic interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,2015,120:944-961.
[2]王国法.煤矿综采自动化成套技术与装备创新和发展[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(11):1-5.WANG Guofa.Innovation and development on automatic completed set technology and equipment of fully-mechanized coal mining face[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(11):1-5.
[3]王金华.我国煤矿开采机械装备及自动化技术新进展[J].煤炭科学技术,2013,41(1):1-4.WANG Jinhua.New progress on China coal mining machinery equipment and automation technology[J].Coal Science and Technology,2013,41(1):1-4.
[4]DAVID C R,MARK T D,PETER B R,et al.A Practical inertial navigation solution for continuous miner automation[C].2012Coal Operators’Conference,2012.
[5]BUCHANAN D J,MASON I M,DAVIS R.The coal cutter as a seismic source in channel wave exploration[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1980,GE-18(4):318-320.
[6]WESTMAN E C,HARAMY K Y,ROCK A D.Seismic tomography for longwall stress analysis[A].in Proc.2nd North Am.Rock Mech.Symp.,Montreal,QC,Canada,Jun 19-21,1996.
[7]WESTMAN E C,HEASLEY K A,SWANSON P L,et al.Acorrelation between seismic tomography,seismic events and support pressure[A].in Proc.38th Rock Mech.Symp,Washington DC,Jul 7-10,2001.
[8]KING A,LUO X.Methodology for tomographic imaging ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source[J].Geophysics,2009,74(2):1-8.
[9]LUO X,KING A,WERKEN M V.Tomographic imaging of rock conditions ahead of mining using the shearer as a seismic source:A feasibility study[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2009,47(11):3671-3678
[10]LU B,CHENG J Y,HU J W,et al.Seismic features of vibration induced by mining machines and feasibility to be seismic sources[J].Procedia Earth and Planetary Science,2011,3:76-85.
[11]陆斌,程建远,胡继武,等.采煤机震源有效信号提取及初步应用[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(12):2202-2207.LU Bin,CHENG Jianyuan,HUJiwu,et al.Shearer source signal extraction and preliminary application[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(12):2202-2207.
[12]陆斌.以随采微震为震源的煤矿工作面透射探测[C]//煤炭安全高效开采地质保障技术及应用.北京:煤炭工业出版社,2014.
[13]覃思.随采地震井-地联合超前探测的试验研究[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):148-151.QIN Si.Underground-surface combined seismic while mining advance detection[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):148-151.
[14]陆斌.基于地震干涉的回采工作面随采地震成像方法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2016,44(6):142-147.LU Bin.A Seismic while mining mathod of coal working-face based on seismic interferometry[J].Coal Geology&Exploration,2016,44(6):142-147.
[15]陆斌,程建远,胡继武,等.基于检波器细分阵列的煤矿开采地震探测系统及方法:201810610808.X.[P].2018-10-23.
[16]SCHUSTER G T.Seismic Interferometry[M].Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,2009.
[17]WAPENAAR K,VAN DER NEUT J,RUIGROK E.Passive seismic interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution[J].Geophysics,2008,73:51-56.
[18]MINATO S,MATSUOKA T,TSUJI T,et al.Seismic interferometry using multidimensional deconvolution and cross correlation for crosswell seismic reflection data without borehole sources[J].Geophysics,2011,76(1):SA19-SA34.
[19]WAPENAAR K,RUIGROK E,VAN DER NEUT J,et al.Improved surface-wave retrieval from ambient seismic noise by multi-dimensional deconvolution[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2011,38:L01313.
[20]VAN DALEN K N,MIKESELL T D,RUIGROK E N,et al.Retrieving surface waves from ambient seismic noise using seismic interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution[J].Journal of Geophysical Research-Solid Earth,2015,120:944-961.