土壤铅胁迫对紫金牛生理特性的影响
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摘要
为了解紫金牛对于土壤中铅胁迫的耐受程度,以紫金牛为试验材料,研究了土壤不同质量分数铅胁迫[0(对照)、500、800、1 200、1 800 mg/kg]对其生理特性的影响。结果表明:当土壤铅质量分数为500、800 mg/kg时,胁迫至60 d,紫金牛的净光合速率、叶绿素总量、PSⅡ最大原初光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)、光化学猝灭系数(qP)高于对照,植株对于光能的利用能力得到促进;当土壤铅质量分数≥1 200 mg/kg时,胁迫至60 d上述数值低于对照,植株对于光能利用能力下降,热耗散升高。胁迫至60 d,各铅胁迫处理组电子传递效率(ETR)低于对照。在胁迫过程中,丙二醛(MDA)含量持续上升,膜脂过氧化加剧。短期内各铅胁迫处理组可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高,机体增强对活性氧的清除和生物膜的保护,但随着胁迫周期的增长,其可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白合成受到影响,SOD活性降低。随着铅质量分数的加大,紫金牛叶片产生不同程度的外观损伤,但无死亡。紫金牛能忍受土壤中1 800 mg/kg的铅胁迫,具有较强的抗重金属胁迫能力。
To understand the tolerance of Ardisia japonica to Pb stress in soil,the effects of different concentrations of Pb[0(the control),500,800,1 200,1 800 mg/kg] on the physiological characteristics of Ardisia japonica were studied.The results showed that:When the concentration of Pb in soil was 500,800 mg/kg,after 60 d,net photosynthetic rate,total chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm and qP value of Ardisia japonica were higher than those of the control,and the utilization ability of light energy was promoted;When the concentration of Pb in soil greater than or equal to 1 200 mg/kg,after 60 d of stress,the above values were lower than those of the control,the ability of plant to utilize light energy decreased and heat dissipation increased.After 60 d of stress,ETR value of each Pb stress treatment group was lower than that of the control.During the stress process,the content of MDA increased continuously and the membrane peroxidation increased.Soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and SOD activity increased in all Pb stress treatments in a short period of time,and the organism enhanced the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the protection of biofilm,but with the increase of stress time,the syntheses of soluble sugar and soluble protein were affected,and SOD activity decreased.With the increase of Pb concentration,the leaf appearance of Ardisia japonica was damaged to varying degrees,but no death occurred.The results showed that Ardisia japonica could tolerate 1 800 mg/kg of Pb in soil and had strong resistance to heavy metal stress.
To understand the tolerance of Ardisia japonica to Pb stress in soil,the effects of different concentrations of Pb[0(the control),500,800,1 200,1 800 mg/kg] on the physiological characteristics of Ardisia japonica were studied.The results showed that:When the concentration of Pb in soil was 500,800 mg/kg,after 60 d,net photosynthetic rate,total chlorophyll content,Fv/Fm and qP value of Ardisia japonica were higher than those of the control,and the utilization ability of light energy was promoted;When the concentration of Pb in soil greater than or equal to 1 200 mg/kg,after 60 d of stress,the above values were lower than those of the control,the ability of plant to utilize light energy decreased and heat dissipation increased.After 60 d of stress,ETR value of each Pb stress treatment group was lower than that of the control.During the stress process,the content of MDA increased continuously and the membrane peroxidation increased.Soluble sugar content,soluble protein content and SOD activity increased in all Pb stress treatments in a short period of time,and the organism enhanced the scavenging of reactive oxygen species and the protection of biofilm,but with the increase of stress time,the syntheses of soluble sugar and soluble protein were affected,and SOD activity decreased.With the increase of Pb concentration,the leaf appearance of Ardisia japonica was damaged to varying degrees,but no death occurred.The results showed that Ardisia japonica could tolerate 1 800 mg/kg of Pb in soil and had strong resistance to heavy metal stress.
引文
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[3] 甘龙,罗玉红,王林泉,等.土壤铅胁迫对苘麻光合特性及生物量的影响[J].广西植物,2018,38(6):737-745.
[4] 吴博涵,付登高,段昌群.铅持续胁迫下不同世代蚕豆生理生化指标的变化[J].广西植物,2018,38(6):719-726.
[5] 赵利琴.资源植物紫金牛研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2002(3):11-14.
[6] 张建新,葛淑芳,吴玉环,等.干旱胁迫对紫金牛叶片碳氮代谢的影响[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(2):278-282.
[7] 倪士峰,黄静,潘远江,等.紫金牛地上和地下部位挥发性成分比较研究[J].药物分析杂志,2004,24(3):257-261.
[8] 陈彦,贾晓斌.清肺颗粒紫金牛提取工艺研究[J].中成药,2002(7):66-68.
[9] 蒋慧,王秋姣,冉德龙,等.不同水分胁迫对金焰绣线菊光合特性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):178-180.
[10] 蔡思琪.双荚决明对复合盐、镉和铅胁迫的生理响应研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[11] 文瑛,廖飞勇,刘智慧.不同水分胁迫对黄枝槐生理特性的影响研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(13):47-52.
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[13] 陈建勋.植物生理学实验指导[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2002.
[14] 蔡梦颖.‘粉蕴’阔瓣含笑苗期嫁接亲和性研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[15] 史树德,孙亚卿,魏磊.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2011.
[16] LI R H,GUO P G,BAUM M,et al.Evaluation of chlorophyll content and fluorescence parameters as indicators of drought tolerance in barley[J].Agricultural Sciences in China,2006,5(10):751-757.
[17] 张燕红,吴永波,刘璇,等.高温和干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗光合性能和抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017,45(11):32-38.
[18] 鲜靖苹.盐及重金属胁迫对龟背竹生理抗性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2016,44(11):241-244.
[19] 韩淑梅,简丽,董旋,等.不同浓度及不同时间镉胁迫对超富集植物孔雀草渗透调节物质的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2017,36(3):44-48.
[20] 夏民旋,王维,袁瑞,等.超氧化物歧化酶与植物抗逆性[J].分子植物育种,2015,13(11):2633-2646.
[21] 夏青芳.水分胁迫对3种植物的生理和生长影响研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2017.
[22] 蔡思琪,廖飞勇.淹水胁迫对双荚决明生长及生理特性的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(3):71-75.
[23] 廖飞勇,谢瑛,何平,等.不同光强对薇甘菊生长及光系统的影响[J].生命科学研究,2003(4):355-359.
[24] 陈禹兴,付连双,王晓楠,等.低温胁迫对冬小麦恢复生长后植株细胞膜透性和丙二醛含量的影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2010,41(10):10-16.
[25] 黄相玲,林妃妃,张明月,等.盐胁迫对小叶榄仁幼苗生长和渗透调节物质含量的影响[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(7):1364-1369.
[26] 华智锐,李小玲.盐旱交叉胁迫对小麦幼苗渗透调节能力的影响[J].山西农业科学,2017,45(2):166-171.
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[28] 陈丽培,刘瑞霞,杨玉珍,等.干旱胁迫对刺槐、皂荚叶片渗透调节物质含量及保护酶活性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(10):122-127.
[29] 易心钰.蓖麻对铅锌胁迫的响应及其机制研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2018.