不同林龄油茶叶片与土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征研究
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摘要
以浙江省常山县3年生、6年生、9年生、30年生的油茶人工林为研究对象,分析了不同林龄油茶叶片和土壤的碳、氮、磷含量及化学计量比。结果表明:油茶叶片碳含量在不同林龄间差异不显著;9年生叶片氮含量显著高于3年生的,磷含量则表现为9年生和30年生的叶片显著高于3年生的;3年生叶片的C∶N显著高于9年生的,C∶P则表现为3年生叶片显著高于9年生和30年生的。土壤有机碳含量随着年龄的增长而随之增加,9年生和30年生油茶林表层土壤有机碳含量显著高于3年生的。土壤氮、磷含量则随着林龄的增大而降低,3年生和6年生油茶林土壤磷含量显著高于30年生的,其中土层为10～30 cm的土壤氮含量显著高于30年生的。土壤C∶N、C∶P均随着林龄的增加而增大,不同林龄间具有显著性差异。除N∶P外,同一林龄油茶土壤碳、氮、磷含量及其化学计量比均随土层深度增加而降低。叶片氮、磷含量与土壤有机碳含量有显著正相关关系;叶片碳含量与表层土壤氮含量之间有显著正相关关系,而叶片氮、磷含量则与表层土壤氮含量呈显著负相关。油茶生长的限制元素是氮,在生产经营过程中,可适当增施氮肥。
The 3-year, 6-year, 9-year, and 30-year-old Camellia oleifera plantations in Changshan County,Zhejiang Province were used as the research objects. The carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and stoichiometric ratios of C. oleifera leaves and soils were analyzed. The results show that there is no significant difference in the carbon content of C. oleifera leaves among different forest ages. The nitrogen content of the 9-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 3-year-old, and the phosphorus content shows that the 9-year-old and30-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the 3-year-old. The C∶N of the 3-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 9-year-old, and the C∶P shows that the 3-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the9-year and 30-year-old. The soil organic carbon content increases with age, and the soil organic carbon content in the surface soil of 9-year-old and 30-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that in 3-year-old. The soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents decrease with the increase of forest age. The soil phosphorus content of the3-year and 6-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old, and the soil nitrogen content of the soil layer of 10-30 cm is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old. Soil C∶N, C∶P increase with the increase of forest age, and there are significant differences among different forest ages. Except N∶P, the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and their stoichiometric ratios of the same forest age oil tea decreased with the increase of soil depth. There is a significant positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus content in leaves and soil organic carbon content. There is a significant positive correlation between leaf carbon content and surface soil nitrogen content, while leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents are significantly negatively correlated with surface soil nitrogen content. The limiting element for the growth of C. oleifera is nitrogen. In the process of production and management, nitrogen fertilizer can be appropriately added.
The 3-year, 6-year, 9-year, and 30-year-old Camellia oleifera plantations in Changshan County,Zhejiang Province were used as the research objects. The carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and stoichiometric ratios of C. oleifera leaves and soils were analyzed. The results show that there is no significant difference in the carbon content of C. oleifera leaves among different forest ages. The nitrogen content of the 9-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 3-year-old, and the phosphorus content shows that the 9-year-old and30-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the 3-year-old. The C∶N of the 3-year-old leaves is significantly higher than that of the 9-year-old, and the C∶P shows that the 3-year-old leaves are significantly higher than the9-year and 30-year-old. The soil organic carbon content increases with age, and the soil organic carbon content in the surface soil of 9-year-old and 30-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that in 3-year-old. The soil nitrogen and phosphorus contents decrease with the increase of forest age. The soil phosphorus content of the3-year and 6-year-old C. oleifera forests is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old, and the soil nitrogen content of the soil layer of 10-30 cm is significantly higher than that of the 30-year-old. Soil C∶N, C∶P increase with the increase of forest age, and there are significant differences among different forest ages. Except N∶P, the soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus contents and their stoichiometric ratios of the same forest age oil tea decreased with the increase of soil depth. There is a significant positive correlation between nitrogen and phosphorus content in leaves and soil organic carbon content. There is a significant positive correlation between leaf carbon content and surface soil nitrogen content, while leaf nitrogen and phosphorus contents are significantly negatively correlated with surface soil nitrogen content. The limiting element for the growth of C. oleifera is nitrogen. In the process of production and management, nitrogen fertilizer can be appropriately added.
引文
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[28]王宝荣,曾全超,安韶山,等.黄土高原子午岭林区两种天然次生林植物叶片-凋落叶-土壤生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5461-5473.
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[2]贺金生,韩兴国.生态化学计量学:探索从个体到生态系统的统一化理论[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(1):2-6.
[3]Ashton I W,Hyatt L A,Howe K M,et al.Invasive species accelerate decomposition and litter nitrogen loss in a mixed deciduous forest[J].Ecological Applications,2005,15(4):1263-1272.
[4]罗林,周应书,毕宁,等.喀斯特山区药用植物栽培环境变化与土壤化学性质的相关性[J].西部林业科学,2018,47(3):35-40.
[5]顾鸿昊,翁俊,孔佳杰,等.粗放和集约经营毛竹林叶片的生态化学计量特征[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(5):661-667.
[6]闫道良,梅丽,夏国华,等.山核桃林地土壤和叶养分生态化学计量变异及重吸收特征[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(6):41-45.
[7]Sardans J,Pe?uelas J.Trees increase their P:N ratio with size[J].Global Ecology and Biogeography,2015,24(2):147-156.
[8]陈婵,王光军,赵月,等.会同杉木器官间C、N、P化学计量比的季节动态与异速生长关系[J].生态学报,2016,36(23):7614-7623.
[9]李红林,贡璐,洪毅.克里雅绿洲旱生芦苇根茎叶C、N、P化学计量特征的季节变化[J].生态学报,2016,36(20):6547-6555.
[10]尹丹丹,李珊珊,吴倩,等.我国6种主要木本油料作物的研究进展[J].植物学报,2018,53(1):110-125.
[11]唐健,李娜,欧阳洁英,等.油茶苗期生物量积累及营养分配规律研究[J].南方农业学报,2011,42(8):964-967.
[12]宋贤冲,唐健,覃其云,等.油茶成熟林生物量积累及营养分配规律[J].南方农业学报,2014,45(2):255-258.
[13]何方,王义强,吕芳德,等.油茶林生物量与养分生物循环的研究[J].林业科学,1996,32(5):403-410.
[14]叶晶,葛高波,应雨骐,等.青皮竹地上部营养元素的吸收、积累和分配特性研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(1):164-170.
[15]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.
[16]Elser J J,Fagan W F,Denno R F,et al.Nutritional constraints in terrestrial and freshwater food webs[J].Nature,2000,408(6812):578-580.
[17]姜沛沛,曹扬,陈云明,等.不同林龄油松(Pinus tabulaeformis)人工林植物、凋落物与土壤C、N、P化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2016,36(19):6188-6197.
[18]刘万德,苏建荣,李帅锋,等.云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林演替系列植物和土壤C、N、P化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2010,30(23):6581-6590.
[19]李敬,胡小飞,段小华,等.植茶年龄对丘陵区茶园土壤和茶树养分含量的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(6):1186-1192.
[20]皮发剑,袁丛军,喻理飞,等.黔中天然次生林主要优势树种叶片生态化学计量特征[J].生态环境学报,2016,25(5):801-807.
[21]杨文利,朱平宗,闫靖坤.水平阶种植油茶对红壤坡地土壤理化性质的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):315-320.
[22]Don A,Schumacher J,Scherer-Lorenzen M,et al.Spatial and vertical variation of soil carbon at two grassland sites:Implications for measuring soil carbon stocks[J].Geoderma,2007,141(3/4):272-282.
[23]王绍强,于贵瑞.生态系统碳氮磷元素的生态化学计量学特征[J].生态学报,2008,28(8):3937-3947.
[24]Tian H Q,Chen G S,Zhang C,et al.Pattern and variation of C:N:P ratios in China’s soils:a synthesis of observational data[J].Biogeochemistry,2010,98(1/3):139-151.
[25]Cleveland C C,Liptzin D.C∶N∶P stoichiometry in soil:is there a“Redfield ratio”for the microbial biomass?[J].Biogeochemistry,2007,85(3):235-252.
[26]王维奇,徐玲琳,曾从盛,等.河口湿地植物活体-枯落物-土壤的碳氮磷生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(23):7119-7124.
[27]李婷,邓强,袁志友,等.黄土高原纬度梯度上的植物与土壤碳、氮、磷化学计量学特征[J].环境科学,2015,36(8):2988-2996.
[28]王宝荣,曾全超,安韶山,等.黄土高原子午岭林区两种天然次生林植物叶片-凋落叶-土壤生态化学计量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5461-5473.
[29]Shaver G R,ChapinⅢF S.Long-term responses to factorial,NPK fertilizer treatment by Alaskan wet and moist tundra sedge species[J].Ecography,1995,18(3):259-275.
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