±800 kV宾金线浙江段正负地闪多重回击特征分析
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摘要
为得到±800 kV宾金线浙江段沿线走廊正、负地闪多重回击特征,对2017年6月至9月监测到的3 032例完整地闪样本的特征参数进行了统计分析,主要包括回击次数、地闪持续时间、回击间隔时间、回击强度四个方面。多重回击参数呈明显的随回击序号系统性变化特征,且正、负地闪特性差异较为明显。统计结果表明:正、负地闪样本数量分别占27.57%和72.43%;负地闪样本中单回击占52.60%,最大回击次数达到13次,平均回击次数为2.47次;正地闪样本中单回击占比更大,达到77.04%,而回击次数相对较少,其最大回击次数为5次,平均回击次数仅为1.26次。正、负地闪多重回击持续时间随回击次数增加呈递增趋势,且负地闪持续时间的增长速度更快,其整体的算术平均分别为250.20 ms和343.02 ms。负地闪回击间隔时间随回击次序变化不明显,而正地闪回击间隔时间随回击次序呈递减趋势。总体上正、负地闪后续回击强度比值均随后续回击次序增加呈递减趋势;负地闪首次回击电流强度随回击次数增加呈递增趋势,而正地闪变化趋势不明显。
In order to obtain the multiple return-stroke characteristics of positive and negative cloud-to-ground lightening in the corridor of the ±800 kV Binjin line in Zhejiang province, the statistical parameters of the 3 032 cloud-to-ground lightening samples monitored from June to September 2017 are statistically analyzed, including return-stroke times, cloud-to-ground lightening duration,return-stroke time interval, and return-stroke intensity. The multiple return-stroke parameters show obvious systematic variations with the return-stroke number, and the difference between positive and negative return-stroke characteristics is obvious. The statistical results show that the number of positive and negative lightening samples accounted for 27.57% and 72.43%, respectively.Single return-stroke account for 52.60% of negative lightening samples. The maximum number of return-stroke reaches 13, and the average number of return-stroke is 2.47. Single return-stroke account for 77.04% of positive lightening samples, and the number of return-stroke is relatively small. The maximum number of return-stroke is 5 and the average number is only 1.26. The durations of multiple return-stroke for positive and negative lightening are both positively correlated with the number of return-stroke and the overall arithmetic mean values are 250.20 ms and 343.02 ms, respectively. The negative return-stroke time interval does not vary significantly with the return-stroke order, while the positive one decreases with the return-stroke order. Overall, subsequent returnstroke intensity ratios of positive and negative lightening decrease with the subsequent return-stroke order. The first return-stroke current intensity of negative lightening increases with the number of return-stroke, while the trend of positive lightening is not obvious.
In order to obtain the multiple return-stroke characteristics of positive and negative cloud-to-ground lightening in the corridor of the ±800 kV Binjin line in Zhejiang province, the statistical parameters of the 3 032 cloud-to-ground lightening samples monitored from June to September 2017 are statistically analyzed, including return-stroke times, cloud-to-ground lightening duration,return-stroke time interval, and return-stroke intensity. The multiple return-stroke parameters show obvious systematic variations with the return-stroke number, and the difference between positive and negative return-stroke characteristics is obvious. The statistical results show that the number of positive and negative lightening samples accounted for 27.57% and 72.43%, respectively.Single return-stroke account for 52.60% of negative lightening samples. The maximum number of return-stroke reaches 13, and the average number of return-stroke is 2.47. Single return-stroke account for 77.04% of positive lightening samples, and the number of return-stroke is relatively small. The maximum number of return-stroke is 5 and the average number is only 1.26. The durations of multiple return-stroke for positive and negative lightening are both positively correlated with the number of return-stroke and the overall arithmetic mean values are 250.20 ms and 343.02 ms, respectively. The negative return-stroke time interval does not vary significantly with the return-stroke order, while the positive one decreases with the return-stroke order. Overall, subsequent returnstroke intensity ratios of positive and negative lightening decrease with the subsequent return-stroke order. The first return-stroke current intensity of negative lightening increases with the number of return-stroke, while the trend of positive lightening is not obvious.
引文
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[12]李鹏飞,张春龙,吕东波,等.多脉冲雷电冲击下金属氧化物的破坏形式[J].高电压技术,2017, 43(11):3792-3799.LI Pengfei, ZHANG Chunlong, LV Dongbo, et al. Failure modes of metal oxide arrestor under the multi-pluse lightning surges[J]. High Voltage Engeering,2017, 43(11):3792-3799.
[13]颜旭,陈绍东,江润志,等.自然雷电下氧化锌避雷器残压特征分析[J].中国电力,2013, 46(7):72-76.YAN Xu, CHEN Shaodong,Jiang Runzhi, et al. Analysis on characteristics of residual voltage in ZnO SPD based on natural lightning[J]. Electric Power, 2013, 46(7):72-76.
[14]黎勋,郄秀书,刘昆,等.基于高时间分辨率快电场变化资料的北京地区地闪回击统计特征[J].气候与环境研究,2017, 22(2):231-241.LI Xun, QIE Xiushu, LIU Kun, et al. Characteristics of cloud-toground lightning return strokes in Beijing based on high temporal resolution data of fast electric field change[J]. Climate and Environmental Research, 2017, 22(2):231-241.
[15]张义军,言穆弘,张翠华,等.甘肃平凉地区正地闪特征分析[J].高原气象,2003, 22(3):295-300.ZHANG Yijun, YAN Muhong, ZHANG Cuihua, et al. Analysis on characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground in Pingliang area of Gansu[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2003, 22(3):295-300.
[16]陈家宏,赵淳,谷山强,等.我国电网雷电监测与防护技术现状及发展趋势[J].高电压技术,2016, 42(11):3361-3375.CHEN Jiahong, ZHAO Chun, GU Shanqiang, et al. Present status and development trend of lightening detection and protection technology of power grid in China[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2016, 42(11):3361-3375.
[17]陈水明,何金良,曾嵘.输电线路雷电防护技术研究(一):雷电参数[J].高电压技术,2013, 39(2):382-392.CHEN Shuiming, HE Jinliang, ZENG Rong. Lightening protection study of transmission line, PartⅠ:lightening parameters[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013, 39(2):382-392.
[18]张义军,吕伟涛,张阳,等.广州地区地闪放电过程的观测及其特征分析[J].高电压技术,2013, 39(2):382-392.ZHANG Yijun, LV Weitao, ZHANG Yang, et al. Observation of thecloud-to-ground lightening discharge process and analysis on its characteristic in Guangzhou[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013,39(2):382-392.
[19]向念文,谷山强,陈维江,等.京沪高铁沿线临近区域雷电分布特征[J].高电压技术,2015, 41(1):49-55.XIANG Nianwen, GU Shanqiang, CHEN Weijiang, et al. Lighting distribution characteristics of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway corridor[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(1):49-55.
[20]陈家宏,童雪芳,冯万兴,等.1000 kV皖电东送输变电工程沿线的雷电分布特征[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(1):62-67.CHEN Jiahong, TONG Xuefang, FENG Wanxing, et al. Lightening distribution characteristics along the corridor of 1000 kV Anhui-Shanghai transmission line[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010,36(1):62-67.
[21]李京校,郭风霞,沈永海,等.利用SAFIR资料对北京及其周边地区地闪参数的特征分析[J].高原气象,2013, 32(5):1450-1459.LI Jingxiao, GUO Fengxia, SHEN Yonghai, et al. Characteristic analysis on cloud-to-ground lightening parameters over Beijing and its surrounding areas based on SAFIR data[J]. Plateau Meteorology,2013,32(5):1450-1459.
[2]葛栋,杜澍春,张翠霞.1000 kV交流特高压输电线路的防雷保护[J].中国电力,2006, 39(10):24-28.GE Dong, DU Shuchun, ZHANG Cuixia. Lightning protection of AC1000 kV UHV transmission line[J]. Electric Power, 2006, 39(10):24-28.
[3]李阳林,徐宁,李帆,等.特高压直流输电线路雷击故障原因分析与防范[J].中国电力,2018, 51(1):59-63.LI Yanglin, XU Ning, Li Fan, et al. Analysis and prevention of the lightning fault of UHV DC transmission lines[J]. Electric Power,2018, 51(1):59-63.
[4]陈维江,谢施君,刘楠,等.不同电压等级架空输电线路雷电防护特征分析[J].电力建设,2014, 35(11):85-91.CHEN Weijiang, XIE Shijun, LIU Nan, et al. Lightning protection characteristics of overhead transmission lines with different voltage grades[J]. Electric Power Construction, 2014, 35(11):85-91.
[5]张富春,张富超,黄家栋.考虑雷电天气的大电力系统可靠性评估[J].中国电力,2016, 49(5):44-48.ZHANG Fuchun, ZHANG Fuchao, HUANG Jiadong. Reliability evaluation of the bulk power system with consideration of the lightning weather[J]. Electric Power, 2016, 49(5):44-48.
[6]陈家宏,谷山强,李晓岚,等.1000 kV特高压交流试验示范工程线路走廊雷电分布特征研究[J].中国电力,2007, 40(12):27-30.CHEN Jiahong,GU Shanqiang, LI Xiaolan, et al. Analysis of lightning distribution characteristics for 1000 kV UHV AC transmission line corridor[J]. Electric Power, 2007, 40(12):27-30.
[7]许雄伟,李在光,祝宝友,等.基于不间断闪电波形采集的一次皖北雷暴负地闪特征观测[J].高原气象,2015, 34(3):850-862.XU Xiongwei, LI Zaiguang, ZHU Baoyou, et al. Some properties of negative cloud-to-ground flashes over North Anhui based on continuous electromagnetic field observation[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2015, 34(3):850-862.
[8]王俊芳,曹冬杰,卢红,等.西藏羊八井地区的闪电活动特征[J].高原气象,2011,30(3):831-836.WANG Junfang, CAO Dongjie, LU Hong, et al. Characteristics of lightning activates in Yangbajing region of Tibet[J]. Plateau Meteorology,2011,30(3):831-836.
[9]马仪,黄然,申元,等.输电线路雷击点与闪络点不一致的辨识与定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2016, 44(16):63-71.MA Yi, HUANG Ran, SHEN Yuan, et al. Inconsistent identification and location of transmission line lightning point and flashover point[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2016, 44(16):63-71.
[10]江安烽,李锐海,牛萍,等.后续雷击对输电线路绕击耐雷性能的影响研究[J].上海交通大学学报,2015, 49(4):411-417.JIANG Anfeng, LI Ruihai, NIU Ping, et al. Impact of subsequent strokes on lightening shielding failure outage rate of transmissionlines[J]. Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2015, 49(4):411-417.
[11]叶海峰,谈发力,吴昊,等.多重雷击导致变电站重合闸失败原因分析[J].水电能源科学,2017, 35(9):173-176.YE Haifeng, TAN Fali, WU Hao, et al. Analysis of reclosing failure of substation caused by multiple lightning strikes[J]. Water Resources and Power,2017, 35(9):173-176.
[12]李鹏飞,张春龙,吕东波,等.多脉冲雷电冲击下金属氧化物的破坏形式[J].高电压技术,2017, 43(11):3792-3799.LI Pengfei, ZHANG Chunlong, LV Dongbo, et al. Failure modes of metal oxide arrestor under the multi-pluse lightning surges[J]. High Voltage Engeering,2017, 43(11):3792-3799.
[13]颜旭,陈绍东,江润志,等.自然雷电下氧化锌避雷器残压特征分析[J].中国电力,2013, 46(7):72-76.YAN Xu, CHEN Shaodong,Jiang Runzhi, et al. Analysis on characteristics of residual voltage in ZnO SPD based on natural lightning[J]. Electric Power, 2013, 46(7):72-76.
[14]黎勋,郄秀书,刘昆,等.基于高时间分辨率快电场变化资料的北京地区地闪回击统计特征[J].气候与环境研究,2017, 22(2):231-241.LI Xun, QIE Xiushu, LIU Kun, et al. Characteristics of cloud-toground lightning return strokes in Beijing based on high temporal resolution data of fast electric field change[J]. Climate and Environmental Research, 2017, 22(2):231-241.
[15]张义军,言穆弘,张翠华,等.甘肃平凉地区正地闪特征分析[J].高原气象,2003, 22(3):295-300.ZHANG Yijun, YAN Muhong, ZHANG Cuihua, et al. Analysis on characteristics of positive cloud-to-ground in Pingliang area of Gansu[J]. Plateau Meteorology, 2003, 22(3):295-300.
[16]陈家宏,赵淳,谷山强,等.我国电网雷电监测与防护技术现状及发展趋势[J].高电压技术,2016, 42(11):3361-3375.CHEN Jiahong, ZHAO Chun, GU Shanqiang, et al. Present status and development trend of lightening detection and protection technology of power grid in China[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2016, 42(11):3361-3375.
[17]陈水明,何金良,曾嵘.输电线路雷电防护技术研究(一):雷电参数[J].高电压技术,2013, 39(2):382-392.CHEN Shuiming, HE Jinliang, ZENG Rong. Lightening protection study of transmission line, PartⅠ:lightening parameters[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013, 39(2):382-392.
[18]张义军,吕伟涛,张阳,等.广州地区地闪放电过程的观测及其特征分析[J].高电压技术,2013, 39(2):382-392.ZHANG Yijun, LV Weitao, ZHANG Yang, et al. Observation of thecloud-to-ground lightening discharge process and analysis on its characteristic in Guangzhou[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2013,39(2):382-392.
[19]向念文,谷山强,陈维江,等.京沪高铁沿线临近区域雷电分布特征[J].高电压技术,2015, 41(1):49-55.XIANG Nianwen, GU Shanqiang, CHEN Weijiang, et al. Lighting distribution characteristics of Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway corridor[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(1):49-55.
[20]陈家宏,童雪芳,冯万兴,等.1000 kV皖电东送输变电工程沿线的雷电分布特征[J].高电压技术,2010, 36(1):62-67.CHEN Jiahong, TONG Xuefang, FENG Wanxing, et al. Lightening distribution characteristics along the corridor of 1000 kV Anhui-Shanghai transmission line[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2010,36(1):62-67.
[21]李京校,郭风霞,沈永海,等.利用SAFIR资料对北京及其周边地区地闪参数的特征分析[J].高原气象,2013, 32(5):1450-1459.LI Jingxiao, GUO Fengxia, SHEN Yonghai, et al. Characteristic analysis on cloud-to-ground lightening parameters over Beijing and its surrounding areas based on SAFIR data[J]. Plateau Meteorology,2013,32(5):1450-1459.