多级垂直潮汐流人工湿地厌氧氨氧化脱氮研究
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摘要
采用多级垂直潮汐流人工湿地(MVTF-CWs)处理城市污水处理厂剩余活性污泥厌氧消化液(EAS-ADL),在低C/N条件下,研究MVTF-CWs对典型污染物的去除特征及其厌氧氨氧化脱氮行为,并利用FISH和高通量测序方法分析主要功能微生物。结果表明,在原水COD/ρ(TN)为0.46的条件下,进水NH4+-N、TN的质量浓度分别为(1 002±71)、(1 003±71) mg/L,平均去除率分别为98.97%和62.64%;进水COD为(456.4±57.7) mg/L,平均去除率为93.22%。MVTF-CWs中第3和第5级对TN的去除贡献最大。第3和第5级湿地单元中存在Anammox菌,相对丰度分别为7.77%和12.14%,而异养反硝化菌占比仅为2.22%和0.22%,表明第3和第5级湿地单元高TN去除主要通过厌氧氨氧化脱氮途径实现。
A multi-stage vertical tidal flow constructed wetlands(MVTF-CWs) has been applied to the treatment of the excess activated sludge anaerobic digestive liquids(EAS-ADL) in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The characteristics of typical pollutant removal by MVTF-CWs and the nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium oxidation were researched under low C/N ratio condition. Furthermore, dominant functional microbial were analyzed by FISH and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that when the COD/ρ(TN) of raw water was 0.46, the influent mass concentrations of NH4+-N and TN were(1 002±71) and(1 003±71) mg/L, the average removal rates of NH4+-N and TN were 98.97%, 62.64%. In addition, the COD of influent was(456.4±57.7) mg/L, and its removal rate was 93.22%. The third and fifth stages contributed the most to the removal of TN in MVTF-CWs. Anammox bacteria existed in the third and fifth wetland stages, the relative abundances of Anammox in the third and fifth wetland units were 7.77% and 12.14%,whereas heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria accounted for merely 2.22% and 0.22%. It was indicated that the high TN removal in the third and fifth wetland units was mainly achieved by anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathway.
A multi-stage vertical tidal flow constructed wetlands(MVTF-CWs) has been applied to the treatment of the excess activated sludge anaerobic digestive liquids(EAS-ADL) in a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The characteristics of typical pollutant removal by MVTF-CWs and the nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium oxidation were researched under low C/N ratio condition. Furthermore, dominant functional microbial were analyzed by FISH and high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that when the COD/ρ(TN) of raw water was 0.46, the influent mass concentrations of NH4+-N and TN were(1 002±71) and(1 003±71) mg/L, the average removal rates of NH4+-N and TN were 98.97%, 62.64%. In addition, the COD of influent was(456.4±57.7) mg/L, and its removal rate was 93.22%. The third and fifth stages contributed the most to the removal of TN in MVTF-CWs. Anammox bacteria existed in the third and fifth wetland stages, the relative abundances of Anammox in the third and fifth wetland units were 7.77% and 12.14%,whereas heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria accounted for merely 2.22% and 0.22%. It was indicated that the high TN removal in the third and fifth wetland units was mainly achieved by anaerobic ammonium oxidation pathway.
引文
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[4] LOOSDRECHT V, M C M, SALEM S. Biological treatment of sludge digester liquids[J].Water Science&Technology,2006,53(12):11-20.
[5] YANG Y Z, ZHAO Y Q, WANG S P, et al. A promising approach of reject water treatment using a tidal flow constructed wetland system employing alum sludge as main substrate[J].Water Science&Technology,2011,63(10):2367-2373.
[6] GAJEWSKA M, OBARSKA-PEMPKOWIAK H. Multistage treatment wetland for treatment of reject waters from digested sludge dewatering[J].Water Sci Technol,2013,68(6):1223-1232.
[7] WOJCIECHOWSKA E, GAJEWSKA M. Partitioning of heavy metals in sub-surface flow treatment wetlands receiving high-strength wastewater[J].Water Sci Technol,2013,68(2):486-493.
[8] GUO L, LV T, HE K, et al. Removal of organic matter, nitrogen and faecal indicators from diluted anaerobically digested slurry using tidal flow constructed wetlands[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2017,24(6):5486-5496.
[9] LI L Z, HE C, JI G, et al. Nitrogen removal pathways in a tidal flow constructed wetland under flooded time constraints[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,81:266-271.
[10] WU S, ZHANG D, AUSTIN D, et al. Evaluation of a lab-scale tidal flow constructed wetland performance:Oxygen transfer capacity,organic matter and ammonium removal[J].Ecological Engineering,2011,37(11):1789-1795.
[11] DABROWSKI W, KAROLINCZAK B, MALINOWSKI P. Application of SS-VF bed for the treatment of high concentrated reject water from autothermal termophilic aerobic sewage sludge digestion[J].Journal of Ecological Engineering,2018,19(4):103-110.
[12]夏艳阳,崔理华,黄小龙.污水碳源对复合垂直流-水平流人工湿地脱氮效果的影响[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(1):638-644.
[13]黄彬,怀静,吴娟,等.碳源补充促进人工湿地脱氮研究进展[J].水处理技术,2018,44(1):13-16.
[14] RUSTIGE H, NOLDE E. Nitrogen elimination from landfill leachates using an extra carbon source in subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Water Science&Technology,2007,56(3):125-133.
[15] PARANYCHIANAKIS N V, TSIKNIA M, KALOGERAKIS N.Pathways regulating the removal of nitrogen in planted and unplanted subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Water Research,2016,102:321-329.
[16]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:185-214.
[17] KARTAL B, KOLEVA M, ARSOV R, et al. Adaptation of a freshwater anammox population to high salinity wastewater[J].J Biotechnol,2006,126(4):546-553.
[18]李慧娟,彭党聪,陈国燕,等.ANAMMOX的快速启动及EPS在ANAMMOX颗粒污泥中的空间分布[J].环境科学,2017,38(7):2931-2940.
[19]胡倩怡,郑平,康达.厌氧氨氧化菌的种类、特性与检测[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(2):384-391.
[20] IBRAHIM M, YUSOF N, MOHD YUSOFF M Z, et al. Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)bacteria for short start-up of the anammox process:a review[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,57(30):13958-13978.
[21]张彩莹,杜瑞卿,王岩.季节变化对潜流人工湿地处理效果的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(4):1705-1712.
[22]苏光曦,杨永哲,张雷,等. MTF-CWs工艺对剩余污泥厌氧消化液的强化脱氮效果[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(4):1022-1032.
[23] KIZITO S, LV T, WU S, et al. Treatment of anaerobic digested effluent in biochar-packed vertical flow constructed wetland columns:Role of media and tidal operation[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,59(2):197-205.
[24] LI H Y, TAO W D, Efficient ammonia removal in recirculating vertical flow constructed wetlands:Complementary roles of anammox and denitrification in simultaneous nitritation, anammox and denitrification process[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,317:972-979.
[25]王元月,魏源送,张树军.厌氧氨氧化技术处理高浓度氨氮工业废水的可行性分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(9):2359-2368.
[26] ZHOU, X, LIANG C L, JIA L K, et al. An innovative biochar-amended substrate vertical flow constructed wetland for low C/N wastewater treatment:Impact of influent strengths[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,247:844-850.
[27] ZHAI J, RAHAMAN M H, CHEN X, et al. New nitrogen removal pathways in a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland proposed from high-throughput sequencing and isotopic tracing results[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,97:434-443.
[28] ZHU G, WANG S, FENG X, et al. Anammox bacterial abundance,biodiversity and activity in a constructed wetland[J].Environ Sci Technol,2011,45(23):9951-9958.
[29] VAN DER STAR W R, MICLEA A I, VAN DONGEN U G, et al.The membrane bioreactor:a novel tool to grow anammox bacteria as free cells[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,2008,101(2):286-294.
[30]王荣昌,SMET B F, Henze M,等.厌氧氨氧化技术用于高氨废水脱氮[J].工业水处理,2009,29(3):12-15.
[31]吕纯剑,高红杰,宋永会,等.潮汐流-潜流组合人工湿地微生物群落多样性研究[J].环境科学学报,2017.38(6):2140-2149.
[32] CHENG W, ZHANG J, WANG Z. Bacterial communities in sediments of a drinking water reservoir[J].Ann Microbiol,2013,64:875-878.
[33] GUAN W, YIN M, HE T, et al. Influence of substrate type on microbial community structure in vertical-flow constructed wetland treating polluted river water[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2015,22(20):16202-16209.
[34] WAKI M, YASUDA T, SUZUKI K, et al. Distribution of anammox bacteria in a free-water-surface constructed wetland with wild rice(Zizania latifolia)[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,81:165-172.
[35]鲍林林,王晓燕,陈永娟,等.北运河沉积物中主要脱氮功能微生物的群落特征[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1520-1529.
[36]韩黎明,苏本生,刘广青,等.厌氧氨氧化工艺的影响因素及应用进展[J].工业水处理,2018,38(2):12-17.
[2] SOMOGYI V, FAZEKAS B, DOMOKOS E, et al. Model development for determining processes of reject water treatment in moving bed bioreactor[C].2nd International Conference on Waste Management,Water Pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor Climate,2008.
[3]李建华,刘文静,高桥润,等.异养硝化-好氧反硝化粪产碱杆菌处理高氨氮污泥厌氧消化液[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(4):1621-1626.
[4] LOOSDRECHT V, M C M, SALEM S. Biological treatment of sludge digester liquids[J].Water Science&Technology,2006,53(12):11-20.
[5] YANG Y Z, ZHAO Y Q, WANG S P, et al. A promising approach of reject water treatment using a tidal flow constructed wetland system employing alum sludge as main substrate[J].Water Science&Technology,2011,63(10):2367-2373.
[6] GAJEWSKA M, OBARSKA-PEMPKOWIAK H. Multistage treatment wetland for treatment of reject waters from digested sludge dewatering[J].Water Sci Technol,2013,68(6):1223-1232.
[7] WOJCIECHOWSKA E, GAJEWSKA M. Partitioning of heavy metals in sub-surface flow treatment wetlands receiving high-strength wastewater[J].Water Sci Technol,2013,68(2):486-493.
[8] GUO L, LV T, HE K, et al. Removal of organic matter, nitrogen and faecal indicators from diluted anaerobically digested slurry using tidal flow constructed wetlands[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2017,24(6):5486-5496.
[9] LI L Z, HE C, JI G, et al. Nitrogen removal pathways in a tidal flow constructed wetland under flooded time constraints[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,81:266-271.
[10] WU S, ZHANG D, AUSTIN D, et al. Evaluation of a lab-scale tidal flow constructed wetland performance:Oxygen transfer capacity,organic matter and ammonium removal[J].Ecological Engineering,2011,37(11):1789-1795.
[11] DABROWSKI W, KAROLINCZAK B, MALINOWSKI P. Application of SS-VF bed for the treatment of high concentrated reject water from autothermal termophilic aerobic sewage sludge digestion[J].Journal of Ecological Engineering,2018,19(4):103-110.
[12]夏艳阳,崔理华,黄小龙.污水碳源对复合垂直流-水平流人工湿地脱氮效果的影响[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(1):638-644.
[13]黄彬,怀静,吴娟,等.碳源补充促进人工湿地脱氮研究进展[J].水处理技术,2018,44(1):13-16.
[14] RUSTIGE H, NOLDE E. Nitrogen elimination from landfill leachates using an extra carbon source in subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Water Science&Technology,2007,56(3):125-133.
[15] PARANYCHIANAKIS N V, TSIKNIA M, KALOGERAKIS N.Pathways regulating the removal of nitrogen in planted and unplanted subsurface flow constructed wetlands[J].Water Research,2016,102:321-329.
[16]国家环境保护总局《水和废水监测分析方法》编委会.水和废水监测分析方法[M].4版.北京:中国环境科学出版社,2002:185-214.
[17] KARTAL B, KOLEVA M, ARSOV R, et al. Adaptation of a freshwater anammox population to high salinity wastewater[J].J Biotechnol,2006,126(4):546-553.
[18]李慧娟,彭党聪,陈国燕,等.ANAMMOX的快速启动及EPS在ANAMMOX颗粒污泥中的空间分布[J].环境科学,2017,38(7):2931-2940.
[19]胡倩怡,郑平,康达.厌氧氨氧化菌的种类、特性与检测[J].应用与环境生物学报,2017,23(2):384-391.
[20] IBRAHIM M, YUSOF N, MOHD YUSOFF M Z, et al. Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation(anammox)bacteria for short start-up of the anammox process:a review[J].Desalination and Water Treatment,2015,57(30):13958-13978.
[21]张彩莹,杜瑞卿,王岩.季节变化对潜流人工湿地处理效果的影响[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(4):1705-1712.
[22]苏光曦,杨永哲,张雷,等. MTF-CWs工艺对剩余污泥厌氧消化液的强化脱氮效果[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(4):1022-1032.
[23] KIZITO S, LV T, WU S, et al. Treatment of anaerobic digested effluent in biochar-packed vertical flow constructed wetland columns:Role of media and tidal operation[J].Sci Total Environ,2017,59(2):197-205.
[24] LI H Y, TAO W D, Efficient ammonia removal in recirculating vertical flow constructed wetlands:Complementary roles of anammox and denitrification in simultaneous nitritation, anammox and denitrification process[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,317:972-979.
[25]王元月,魏源送,张树军.厌氧氨氧化技术处理高浓度氨氮工业废水的可行性分析[J].环境科学学报,2013,33(9):2359-2368.
[26] ZHOU, X, LIANG C L, JIA L K, et al. An innovative biochar-amended substrate vertical flow constructed wetland for low C/N wastewater treatment:Impact of influent strengths[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,247:844-850.
[27] ZHAI J, RAHAMAN M H, CHEN X, et al. New nitrogen removal pathways in a full-scale hybrid constructed wetland proposed from high-throughput sequencing and isotopic tracing results[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,97:434-443.
[28] ZHU G, WANG S, FENG X, et al. Anammox bacterial abundance,biodiversity and activity in a constructed wetland[J].Environ Sci Technol,2011,45(23):9951-9958.
[29] VAN DER STAR W R, MICLEA A I, VAN DONGEN U G, et al.The membrane bioreactor:a novel tool to grow anammox bacteria as free cells[J].Biotechnol Bioeng,2008,101(2):286-294.
[30]王荣昌,SMET B F, Henze M,等.厌氧氨氧化技术用于高氨废水脱氮[J].工业水处理,2009,29(3):12-15.
[31]吕纯剑,高红杰,宋永会,等.潮汐流-潜流组合人工湿地微生物群落多样性研究[J].环境科学学报,2017.38(6):2140-2149.
[32] CHENG W, ZHANG J, WANG Z. Bacterial communities in sediments of a drinking water reservoir[J].Ann Microbiol,2013,64:875-878.
[33] GUAN W, YIN M, HE T, et al. Influence of substrate type on microbial community structure in vertical-flow constructed wetland treating polluted river water[J].Environ Sci Pollut Res Int,2015,22(20):16202-16209.
[34] WAKI M, YASUDA T, SUZUKI K, et al. Distribution of anammox bacteria in a free-water-surface constructed wetland with wild rice(Zizania latifolia)[J].Ecological Engineering,2015,81:165-172.
[35]鲍林林,王晓燕,陈永娟,等.北运河沉积物中主要脱氮功能微生物的群落特征[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1520-1529.
[36]韩黎明,苏本生,刘广青,等.厌氧氨氧化工艺的影响因素及应用进展[J].工业水处理,2018,38(2):12-17.