电阻率成像和钻孔电视技术在病险山塘查漏中的应用
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摘要
土石坝填筑材料长期在水动力作用下易产生异常渗流现象,对病险山塘实施地质勘察是防渗方案优化设计的前提。鉴于对大坝渗漏病害的分布及诱因不明,钻孔的布置只能依据规范而定,却忽视了查漏的初衷,提出一种综合性、分阶段的大坝勘察技术。以胜岭脚山塘渗漏探测为例,利用电阻率探测技术圈定大坝病患的主要部位,并对渗流薄弱区进行钻孔注压水试验,进一步结合钻孔电视成像技术对孔壁大坝填筑质量进行分析。结果表明,电阻率成像技术可准确查明病害区的分布,孔内成像可直观反映钻孔岩土体的原状赋存特征,综合检测技术可有效解决大坝渗漏病症不清的难题,为除险加固勘察提供了新的思路。
The earth-rock dam filling materials are prone to generate abnormal seepage phenomenon under longterm hydrodynamic action,and implementing geological survey on dangerous small reservoir is the optimal design prerequisite of anti-seepage scheme. In view of the unknown distribution and incentives of dam leakage diseases,the arrangement of the drill holes can only be determined in the light of specifications. However,the original intention of leak detection is ignored. Therefore,a comprehensive and phased dam survey technique was proposed. By taking Shenglingjiao small reservoir survey for example,electrical resistivity tomography was applied to measure weakness part. According to the results of the injection water test in the hole,and further downhole television to the hole-wall,the problem of poor quality and easy collapse of the dam was revealed. The results show electrical resistivity tomography can quickly identify disease areas,and borehole televiewer can directly reflect the original occurrence characteristics of borehole rock and soil mass. Combined with the targeted arrangement of the electrical resistivity tomography and the borehole televiewer technique,the hard problem of unclear illness is avoided,which provides a new idea for the survey of danger removal and reinforcement.
The earth-rock dam filling materials are prone to generate abnormal seepage phenomenon under longterm hydrodynamic action,and implementing geological survey on dangerous small reservoir is the optimal design prerequisite of anti-seepage scheme. In view of the unknown distribution and incentives of dam leakage diseases,the arrangement of the drill holes can only be determined in the light of specifications. However,the original intention of leak detection is ignored. Therefore,a comprehensive and phased dam survey technique was proposed. By taking Shenglingjiao small reservoir survey for example,electrical resistivity tomography was applied to measure weakness part. According to the results of the injection water test in the hole,and further downhole television to the hole-wall,the problem of poor quality and easy collapse of the dam was revealed. The results show electrical resistivity tomography can quickly identify disease areas,and borehole televiewer can directly reflect the original occurrence characteristics of borehole rock and soil mass. Combined with the targeted arrangement of the electrical resistivity tomography and the borehole televiewer technique,the hard problem of unclear illness is avoided,which provides a new idea for the survey of danger removal and reinforcement.
引文
1于舒杰，刘云鑫，王维红．特殊地质条件下河床坝基防渗处理方法研究[J]．科学技术与工程，2019,19(1):43-47Yu Shujie,Liu Yunxin,Wang Weihong.Seepage control method for river bed dam foundation under special geological condition[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2019,19(1):43-47
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11葛颜慧，李术才，张庆松，等．基于风险评价的岩溶隧道综合超前地质预报技术研究[J]．岩土工程学报，2010,32(7):1124-1130Ge Yanhui,Li Shucai,Zhang Qingsong,et al.Compre-hensive geological prediction based on risk evaluation during tunneling in karst area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1124-1130
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2栾约生，王周萼，易杜靓子．病险水库主要工程地质问题与勘察研究[J]．人民长江，2011,42(22):18-19Luan Yuesheng,Wang Zhoue,Yi Duliangzi.Research on main engineering geological problems of dangerous reservoirs and survey[J].Yangtze River,2011,42(22):18-19
3杨杰，江德军，郑成成．病险水库除险加固方案决策研究[J]．西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)，2014,42(11):213-219Yang Jie,Jiang Dejun,Zheng Chengcheng,et al.Deciding reinforcement scheme for dangerous dam[J].Journal of Northwest A&FUniversity(Natural Science Edition),2014,42(11):213-219
4程凌鹏，张如满，刘爱友．北台上水库三副坝渗漏原因勘察及分析[J]．水利水电技术，2016,47(4):75-78Cheng Lingpeng,Zhang Ruman,Liu Aiyou.Investigation and analysis on causation of seepage from third auxiliary dam of Beitaishang Reservoir[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2016,47(4):75-78
5张欣，赵明阶，汪魁．土石坝渗漏的三维电阻率成像诊断试验[J]．水电能源科学，2016,34(8):94-98Zhang Xin,Zhao Minjie,Wang Kui.Experimental study on 3D electrical resistivity tomography for diagnosing leakage in earth rock-fill dam[J].Water Resources and Power,2016,34(8):94-98
6谭磊，江晓益，李红文，等．并行电法技术在大坝渗漏探测中应用示范[J]．浙江水利科技，2018,46(5):23-26Tan Lei,Jiang Xiaoyi,Li Hongwen,et al.Application demonstration of parallel electrical method to detec-tion of reservoir seepage[J].Zhejiang Hydrotechnics,2018,46(5):23-26
7吴荣新，刘盛东，张平松．双巷并行三维电法探测煤层工作面底板富水区[J]．煤炭学报，2010,35(3):454-457Wu Rongxin,Liu Shengdong,Zhang Pingsong.The exploration of two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical technology for water-rich area within coal face floor[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(3):454-457
8陈朝旭，彭琦，位敏．病险水库加固设计中的主要问题及对策[J]．人民长江，2011,42(12):81-84Chen Zhaoxu,Peng Qi,Wei Min.Main problems and countermeasures in reinforcement design of dangerous reservoirs[J].Yangtze River,2011,42(12):81-84
9谭显江，张建清，刘方文，等．高清数字钻孔电视技术研发及其在水电工程中的应用[J]．长江科学院院报，2012,29(8):62-66Tan Xianjiang,Zhang Jianqing,Liu Fangwen,et al.R&D of highresolution digital borehole TV technology and its application in hydropower project[J].Journal of Yangtze River Scientific Research Institute,2012,29(8):62-66
10胡雄武，张平松，江晓益．并行电法在快速检测水坝渗漏通道中的应用[J]．水利水电技术，2012,43(11):51-54Hu Xiongwu,Zhang Pingsong,Jiang Xiaoyi.Application of parallel electric survey to quick detection of seepage passage through reservoir dam[J].Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering,2012,43(11):51-54
11葛颜慧，李术才，张庆松，等．基于风险评价的岩溶隧道综合超前地质预报技术研究[J]．岩土工程学报，2010,32(7):1124-1130Ge Yanhui,Li Shucai,Zhang Qingsong,et al.Compre-hensive geological prediction based on risk evaluation during tunneling in karst area[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(7):1124-1130
12樊哲超．示踪方法确定水布垭水电站左坝肩溶洞[J]．水电能源科学，2010,28(2):58-60Fan Zhechao.Study on Karst cave of left abutment of Shuibuya hydropower Station using tracer method[J].Water Resources and Power,2010,28(2):58-60