川西林盘文化景观基因识别与提取
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摘要
文化景观是文化地理特征的集中体现,川西林盘文化景观基因识别与提取的研究是对林盘本质的认知和解读。根据文化景观的关键特征,基于文献与实地考察,综合运用问卷与半结构式访谈等方式进行调查,借助SPSS软件进行数据统计和处理,客观地明晰了林盘文化景观的结构组成;并在此基础上引入"景观基因"理论,以川西林盘的文化景观为研究对象,从遗传信息的表达,以及基因所属位列、功能性和重要度2个层面进行了相应的分类,进一步阐释了识别与提取的方法与流程。同时,在土地利用数据、卫星影像及地理信息数据电子地图等资料的辅助下,以新津、温江、崇州林盘群系与鱼子孔、龚林盘和胥家院子聚落单元为例,进行了文化景观基因的识别,归纳梳理出其共性基因、个性基因,并提取出民居、渠系、林地等主体基因,菜地、井等胞质基因、石笼、平桥等附着基因和治水工程、移民文化等调节基因。
Landscape culture is the concentrated embodiment of cultural and geographical characteristics, and the study of cultural landscape gene's identification and the extraction of the Linpan in western Sichuan is the cognition and interpretation of the essence of Linpan. According to the key features of the cultural landscape, such as regionality, inheritance, and time, through literature review and field investigations, we can obtain the landscape imagery and landscape elements related to Linpan, and comprehensively use questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to reflect regionality. The landscape that can leave a deep memory or impression on people is investigated and analyzed, and SPSS software is used for data statistics and processing to clarify the structural composition of the Linpan culture landscape objectively. Accordingly, the "landscape gene" theory which means the basic unit of Linpan culture landscape.in this paper was introduced, and the Linpan cultural landscape was taken as the research object. We classified the expression of genetic information and the rank,function, and importance of genes. We still explain the process flow of identification and extraction.Simultaneously, with the help of land use data, satellite imagery, and electronic maps of geographic information data, the identification of cultural landscape genes was conducted by taking the Xinjin, Wenjiang, and Chongzhou Linpan group and the Yuzikong, Gonglinpan, and Yujiayuanzi settlement units as examples. We identified their cultural landscape genes and summarized the common genes and individual genes. Furthermore, we extracted 1)genes that occupy the main position among Linpan, playing a major role in their overall layout, and included forest land, dwellings, canals and so on; 2) minor genes that affect the expression of some traits or play an important role in the formation of local landscape effects, including vegetable plots, wells, and bamboo utensils; 3)attached genes that enhance the information expression of main genes and minor genes, including gates, stone cages, and flat bridges; and 4) regulatory genes that inhibit or promote the expression of other genes, including water control engineering, immigration culture, and Taoist philosophy.
Landscape culture is the concentrated embodiment of cultural and geographical characteristics, and the study of cultural landscape gene's identification and the extraction of the Linpan in western Sichuan is the cognition and interpretation of the essence of Linpan. According to the key features of the cultural landscape, such as regionality, inheritance, and time, through literature review and field investigations, we can obtain the landscape imagery and landscape elements related to Linpan, and comprehensively use questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to reflect regionality. The landscape that can leave a deep memory or impression on people is investigated and analyzed, and SPSS software is used for data statistics and processing to clarify the structural composition of the Linpan culture landscape objectively. Accordingly, the "landscape gene" theory which means the basic unit of Linpan culture landscape.in this paper was introduced, and the Linpan cultural landscape was taken as the research object. We classified the expression of genetic information and the rank,function, and importance of genes. We still explain the process flow of identification and extraction.Simultaneously, with the help of land use data, satellite imagery, and electronic maps of geographic information data, the identification of cultural landscape genes was conducted by taking the Xinjin, Wenjiang, and Chongzhou Linpan group and the Yuzikong, Gonglinpan, and Yujiayuanzi settlement units as examples. We identified their cultural landscape genes and summarized the common genes and individual genes. Furthermore, we extracted 1)genes that occupy the main position among Linpan, playing a major role in their overall layout, and included forest land, dwellings, canals and so on; 2) minor genes that affect the expression of some traits or play an important role in the formation of local landscape effects, including vegetable plots, wells, and bamboo utensils; 3)attached genes that enhance the information expression of main genes and minor genes, including gates, stone cages, and flat bridges; and 4) regulatory genes that inhibit or promote the expression of other genes, including water control engineering, immigration culture, and Taoist philosophy.
引文
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Griffith Taylor.1942.Environment,Village and City:A Genetic Approach to Urban Geography;With Some Reference to possiblism.Annals of the Association of American Geographers,(1):1-67.
黄华达,漆子钰,林夏斌,陈进燎,彭东辉.2018.闽南传统红砖聚落景观基因的识别研究.中国园林,34(9):53-57.[Huang Huada,Qi Zheqi,Lin Xiabin,Chen Jinyu and Peng Donghui.2018.Identification of landscape genes of traditional red brick settlements in Southern Fujian.Chinese Landscape Architecture,34(9):53-57.]
胡最,刘沛林,曹帅强.2013.湖南省传统聚落景观基因的空间特征.地理学报,68(2):219-231.[Hu Zui,Liu Peilin and Cao Shuaiqiang.2013.Spatial pattern of landscape genes in traditional settlements of Hunan Province.Acta Geographica Sinica,68(2):219-231.]
胡最,刘沛林,邓运员,郑文武,刘晓燕,邓美容.2014.传统聚落景观基因的环境教育特征探析.衡阳师范学院学报,35(6):137-41.[Hu Zui,Liu Peilin,Deng Yunyuan,Zheng Wenwu,Liu Xiaoyan and Deng Meimei.2014.Exploring on environmental education characteristics of traditional settlement landscape genes.Journal of Hengyang Normal University,35(6):137-141.]
胡最,刘沛林,邓运员,郑文武,邱海洪.2015a.汝城非物质文化遗产的景观基因识别--以香火龙为例.人文地理,30(1):64-69.[Hu Zui,Liu Peilin,Deng Yunyuan,Zheng Wenwu and Qiu Haihong.2015.Culture-gene identification of intangible cultural heritage for Rucheng county of China:A case study of fiery dragon.Human Geography,30(1):64-69.]
胡最,刘沛林,邓运员,郑文武.2015b.传统聚落景观基因的识别与提取方法研究.地理科学,35(12):1518-1524.[Hu Zui,Liu Peilin,Deng Yunyuan and Zheng Wenwu.2015.A novel method for identifying and separating landscape genes from traditional settlements.Scientia Geographica Sinica,35(12):1518-1524.]
Kelly R,Macinnes L,Thackray D and Whitbourne P.2001.The Cultural Landscape:Planning for a sustainable partner-ship between people and place.London:ICOMOS-UK.
兰海峰,秦为径,成斌,黄泽峰.2018.凉山彝族地区乡土景观基因图谱构建及其保护传承研究.安徽农业科学,46(21):220-222.[Lan Haifeng,Qin Weijing,Cheng Bin and Huang Zefeng.2018.Study on the Mapping and Application of Local Landscape Genes in Liangshan Yi Area.Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences,46(21):220-222.]
龙花楼,屠爽爽.2018.乡村重构的理论认知.地理科学进展,37(5):581-590.[Long hualou and Tu Shuangshuang.2018.Theoretical thinking of rural restructuring.Progress in Geography,37(5):581-590.]
林琳,田嘉铄,钟志平,李诗元,任炳勋.2018.文化景观基因视角下传统村落保护与发展--以黔东北土家族村落为例.热带地理,38(3):413-423.[Lin Lin,Tian Jiayu,Zhong Zhiping,Li Shiyuan and Ren Bingxun.2018.Protection and development of traditional villages from the perspective of cultural landscape genes:A case study of Tujia Villages in Northeastern Yunnan.Tropical Geography,38(3):413-423.]
刘沛林.2003.古村落文化景观的基因表达与景观识别.衡阳师范学院学报(社会科学),(4):1-8.[Liu Peilin.2003.The gene expression and the sight identification of the ancient villages’cultural landscape.Journal of Hengyang Normal University(Social Science),(4):1-8.]
刘沛林.2011.中国传统聚落景观基因图谱的构建与应用研究.北京:北京大学.[Liu Peilin.2011.On Construction and Utilization of Chinese Traditional Settlements Landscape’s Genetic Map.Beijing:Peking University.]
刘沛林.2014.家园的景观与基因.北京:商务印书馆,173.[Liu Peilin.2014.Landscape and Genes in Homes.Beijing:The Commercial Press,173.]
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